本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率地區(qū)差異影響因素研究　出處：《浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 核密度 反事實分析方法 夏普理值不平等分解 農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率

【摘要】：改革開放以來，中國大量農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移到非農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)部門，農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力占總體勞動力比重不斷下降。中國經(jīng)濟已進(jìn)入升級轉(zhuǎn)型的重要戰(zhàn)略階段。只有在農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率水平較高，以較少勞動力消耗換取更多農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，保證更多農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力向非農(nóng)部門轉(zhuǎn)移，才能有力的支撐非農(nóng)部門經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和轉(zhuǎn)型，，現(xiàn)代發(fā)展經(jīng)濟學(xué)更是把農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率看作是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的前提條件。然而中國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率低、地區(qū)差距大這一問題依然比較突出，中國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率僅是加拿大的1/163、美國的1/161、法國的1/102、澳大利亞的1/96，農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率的極值差率（即農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率的最大值與最小值的比值）從1988年的6.87倍又進(jìn)一步上升到2008年的8.98倍。因此，度量和解釋中國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率增長和差異，對于提高農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率，促進(jìn)地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展具有重要意義。 本文利用1988-2011年28個省級行政地區(qū)面板數(shù)據(jù)，基于生產(chǎn)前沿理論，采用反事實分析法和夏普理值不平等分解法，考察農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率差異的變動軌跡，研判各因素對農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率增長差異的影響程度，測度各因素對農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率水平差異的影響大小，分析各因素的影響效應(yīng)隨時間變化規(guī)律，分析各因素影響效應(yīng)的重要性排序及其變化趨勢。結(jié)果表明：（1）中國農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率核密度分布經(jīng)歷了“單峰”到“雙峰”的演進(jìn)，呈現(xiàn)出“兩俱樂部”趨勢；（2）勞均物質(zhì)消耗、勞均土地、農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力規(guī)模、技術(shù)效率和技術(shù)進(jìn)步是農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率增長的源泉；(3)其對農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率地區(qū)差異的貢獻(xiàn)率分別為39.84%、9.28%、24.22%、21.58%和5.08%，其中勞均物質(zhì)消耗、農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力規(guī)模和技術(shù)效率對地區(qū)差異的影響較為顯著；（4）隨著時間的推移技術(shù)效率對農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率地區(qū)差異影響作用越來越大，其對差異的貢獻(xiàn)率不斷增大，然而，勞均物質(zhì)消耗和技術(shù)效率的貢獻(xiàn)率在緩慢下降，勞均土地和技術(shù)進(jìn)步的貢獻(xiàn)率相對穩(wěn)定。 本文研究結(jié)論的政策含義：（1）加快城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程，增加農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)資金投入；（2）鼓勵農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，提高農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)效率；（3）加大技術(shù)推廣力度，健全農(nóng)技推廣體系；（4）加快農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移，減小農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力規(guī)模。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, a large number of agricultural labor force in China has been transferred to the non-agricultural production sector. China's economy has entered an important strategic stage of upgrading and transforming. Only when the level of agricultural labor productivity is relatively high, less labor consumption in exchange for more agricultural products. To ensure that more agricultural labor transfer to the non-agricultural sector in order to support the development and transformation of the non-agricultural sector economy. Modern development economics regards agricultural labor productivity as a prerequisite for economic development. However, the problem of low agricultural labor productivity and large regional disparity in China is still prominent. China's agricultural productivity is only 1 / 163 in Canada, 1 / 161 in the United States, 1 / 102 in France and 1/96 in Australia. The extreme difference rate of agricultural labor productivity (that is, the ratio of maximum and minimum value of agricultural labor productivity) increased from 6.87 times in 1988 to 8.98 times in 2008. It is of great significance to measure and explain the growth and difference of agricultural labor productivity in China for improving agricultural labor productivity and promoting the coordinated development of regional agricultural economy. In this paper, we use the panel data of 28 provincial administrative regions from 1988 to 2011. Based on the production frontier theory, we use the counterfactual analysis method and the inequality decomposition method of Sharpe value. This paper investigates the change track of the agricultural labor productivity difference, studies the influence degree of each factor on the agricultural labor productivity growth difference, and measures the influence of each factor on the agricultural labor productivity level difference. The effect of various factors on the change of time is analyzed. The results show that the nuclear density distribution of agricultural labor productivity in China has undergone the evolution from "single peak" to "double peak". Showing the trend of "two clubs"; (2) material consumption, land, scale, technical efficiency and technological progress are the sources of the growth of agricultural labor productivity; The contribution rate to the regional difference of agricultural labor productivity is 39.840.9.28% and 21.58% and 5.08% respectively. The impact of agricultural labor force scale and technical efficiency on regional differences is significant; (4) with the passage of time, the technical efficiency has more and more influence on the regional difference of agricultural labor productivity, and its contribution rate to the difference is increasing, however. The contribution rate of material consumption and technical efficiency is decreasing slowly, and the contribution rate of land and technology progress is relatively stable. The policy implication of the conclusion of this paper is to speed up the process of urbanization and increase the investment in rural infrastructure. (2) encouraging agricultural technological innovation and improving the efficiency of agricultural technology; (3) strengthen the technical popularization and improve the agricultural technology extension system; Speed up the transfer of rural labor force and reduce the scale of agricultural labor force.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F323.5;F224

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