知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-22 18:56
【摘要】：在溫室氣體排放導(dǎo)致全球氣候日益變暖的大背景下,世界各國(guó)逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到控制二氧化碳排放已迫在眉睫,以綠色發(fā)展為核心的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì),受到各國(guó)政府的強(qiáng)烈關(guān)注。中國(guó)的CO2排放量一直是人們共同關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。因此發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)在我國(guó)勢(shì)在必行。低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)是一種綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式,通過(guò)低碳技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新等手段,提高能源利用效率和優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境良性互動(dòng)。我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)"高碳"經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式早已亮起紅燈,能源緊缺、環(huán)境破壞等系列問(wèn)題接踵而至。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的良性互動(dòng),低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)將是必由之路。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),我國(guó)政府對(duì)溫室氣體排放導(dǎo)致全球氣候日益變暖的問(wèn)題高度重視,并采取了一系列強(qiáng)有力的措施,在重大國(guó)際會(huì)議上,中國(guó)多次明確提出了控制溫室氣體排放的目標(biāo),以2005年二氧化碳強(qiáng)度為基準(zhǔn),到2020年二氧化碳強(qiáng)度比2005年降低40%-45%。低碳制度創(chuàng)新、低碳技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心,而知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)是創(chuàng)新的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾,對(duì)創(chuàng)新的利益進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格保護(hù),可以使發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的產(chǎn)權(quán)得以明確,避免了"搭便車(chē)"的現(xiàn)象,一定程度上解決了市場(chǎng)失靈問(wèn)題,將發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的外部經(jīng)濟(jì)性?xún)?nèi)部化,使得發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的個(gè)人收益接近社會(huì)收益,從而達(dá)到預(yù)期收益,有效地激勵(lì)了發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。因此,客觀認(rèn)識(shí)我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)發(fā)展水平,發(fā)現(xiàn)其存在的問(wèn)題,找到知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)促進(jìn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳核心技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的最佳路徑,進(jìn)而制定科學(xué)合理的政策,將能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)事業(yè)和低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),關(guān)于知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的研究多集中于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家;中國(guó)關(guān)于知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的研究起步較晚且多側(cè)重于理論方面,因此,結(jié)合中國(guó)國(guó)情,實(shí)證研究知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響具有非常重要的意義。本文在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,主要進(jìn)行了以下幾個(gè)方面的研究:第一,對(duì)我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度的測(cè)度。發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)立法強(qiáng)度已基本達(dá)到西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平,但是我國(guó)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)執(zhí)法強(qiáng)度卻相對(duì)不足。第二,對(duì)我國(guó)的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,衡量了我國(guó)的能源強(qiáng)度和年二氧化碳凈排放量,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)的二氧化碳凈排放年增長(zhǎng)率和能源強(qiáng)度年增長(zhǎng)率逐年遞減,說(shuō)明我國(guó)的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)取得一定的成效,但是我國(guó)每年的能源消耗總量和二氧化碳凈排放量依然很大,低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的任務(wù)依然很?chē)?yán)峻。第三,在2000年至2014年全國(guó)29個(gè)省市(港澳臺(tái)新疆西藏除外)的面板數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,并引入控制變量人居GDP年增長(zhǎng)率、能源強(qiáng)度、人口年增長(zhǎng)率、科研經(jīng)費(fèi)投入強(qiáng)度,總體回歸結(jié)果表明,我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)具有顯著的促進(jìn)作用,另外科研經(jīng)費(fèi)投入強(qiáng)度對(duì)我國(guó)的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)也有積極作用,而人居GDP年增長(zhǎng)率、能源強(qiáng)度、人口年增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)我國(guó)的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)具有抑制作用。第四,根據(jù)我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)和低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和實(shí)證分析得出的結(jié)論提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:In the background of the global warming of the greenhouse gas emissions, the countries of the world have gradually recognized that the control of carbon dioxide emissions is imminent and that the low-carbon economy, which is at the core of green development, is strongly concerned by the Governments of the world. China's CO2 emissions have been a focus of common concern. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy in our country. The low-carbon economy is a green economy development mode, through the means of low-carbon technology innovation and system innovation, the energy utilization efficiency and the optimized energy structure are improved, and the benign interaction between the economy and the ecological environment is realized. The traditional "high carbon" economic development mode of our country has long been on the red light, the energy shortage, the environmental damage and other series of problems. In order to achieve the benign interaction of environmental protection and economic development, the low-carbon economy will be the only way. In the 21st century, the government of our country attaches great importance to the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission, and has taken a series of powerful measures. At the major international conference, China has made several clear goals to control the emission of greenhouse gases, Based on the 2005 carbon dioxide intensity, the carbon dioxide strength by 2020 is 40-45% lower than in 2005. The low-carbon system innovation and low-carbon technology innovation are the core of the low-carbon economy, while the protection of intellectual property is the strong backing of innovation, and the protection of the innovation interests can make the property right of the invention clear and avoid the "hitchhiker" phenomenon, To a certain extent, the problem of market failure is solved, and the external economy of the invention is internalized, so that the personal income of the invention is close to the social income, so that the expected income is achieved, and the invention is effectively stimulated. Therefore, it is objective to know the level of intellectual property development in China, to find out the problems existing, to find the best path of intellectual property protection to promote the development of low-carbon economy and to realize the technological innovation of low-carbon core, and to make a scientific and reasonable policy, The rapid development of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy will be realized. For a long time, the research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy is more concentrated in the developed countries; China's research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy has started a late and more focused on the theory, and therefore, in combination with China's national conditions, It is of great significance to study the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy. On the basis of the theory analysis of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: first, the statistical analysis of the present situation of intellectual property protection in China, and the measure of the strength of intellectual property protection in China. It is found that the legislative strength of intellectual property in our country has basically reached the level of the western developed countries, but the law enforcement strength of the intellectual property in our country is relatively low. Secondly, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the development of low-carbon economy in China, and measures the energy intensity and the net emission of carbon dioxide in China. It is found that the annual growth rate of the net emission of carbon dioxide and the annual growth rate of the energy intensity of China are decreasing year by year, indicating that the low-carbon economy of our country has achieved some results. But China's annual total energy consumption and the net carbon dioxide emissions are still large, and the task of low-carbon economy is still very serious. Third, on the basis of the panel data of 29 provinces and cities (except Tibet, Xinjiang, Tibet) from 2000 to 2014, the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy is empirically tested, and the annual growth rate, energy intensity and population growth rate of the control variable are introduced. The results of the total regression show that the strength of the intellectual property protection of China has a significant effect on the low-carbon economy, and the investment intensity of the scientific research funds has a positive effect on the low-carbon economy of our country, and the annual growth rate and the energy intensity of the human-living GDP. The annual growth rate of the population has an inhibitory effect on China's low-carbon economy. Fourth, according to the present situation of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economic development in China and the conclusions of the empirical analysis, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F124.5;F204
本文編號(hào)：2445831
[Abstract]:In the background of the global warming of the greenhouse gas emissions, the countries of the world have gradually recognized that the control of carbon dioxide emissions is imminent and that the low-carbon economy, which is at the core of green development, is strongly concerned by the Governments of the world. China's CO2 emissions have been a focus of common concern. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy in our country. The low-carbon economy is a green economy development mode, through the means of low-carbon technology innovation and system innovation, the energy utilization efficiency and the optimized energy structure are improved, and the benign interaction between the economy and the ecological environment is realized. The traditional "high carbon" economic development mode of our country has long been on the red light, the energy shortage, the environmental damage and other series of problems. In order to achieve the benign interaction of environmental protection and economic development, the low-carbon economy will be the only way. In the 21st century, the government of our country attaches great importance to the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission, and has taken a series of powerful measures. At the major international conference, China has made several clear goals to control the emission of greenhouse gases, Based on the 2005 carbon dioxide intensity, the carbon dioxide strength by 2020 is 40-45% lower than in 2005. The low-carbon system innovation and low-carbon technology innovation are the core of the low-carbon economy, while the protection of intellectual property is the strong backing of innovation, and the protection of the innovation interests can make the property right of the invention clear and avoid the "hitchhiker" phenomenon, To a certain extent, the problem of market failure is solved, and the external economy of the invention is internalized, so that the personal income of the invention is close to the social income, so that the expected income is achieved, and the invention is effectively stimulated. Therefore, it is objective to know the level of intellectual property development in China, to find out the problems existing, to find the best path of intellectual property protection to promote the development of low-carbon economy and to realize the technological innovation of low-carbon core, and to make a scientific and reasonable policy, The rapid development of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy will be realized. For a long time, the research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy is more concentrated in the developed countries; China's research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy has started a late and more focused on the theory, and therefore, in combination with China's national conditions, It is of great significance to study the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy. On the basis of the theory analysis of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: first, the statistical analysis of the present situation of intellectual property protection in China, and the measure of the strength of intellectual property protection in China. It is found that the legislative strength of intellectual property in our country has basically reached the level of the western developed countries, but the law enforcement strength of the intellectual property in our country is relatively low. Secondly, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the development of low-carbon economy in China, and measures the energy intensity and the net emission of carbon dioxide in China. It is found that the annual growth rate of the net emission of carbon dioxide and the annual growth rate of the energy intensity of China are decreasing year by year, indicating that the low-carbon economy of our country has achieved some results. But China's annual total energy consumption and the net carbon dioxide emissions are still large, and the task of low-carbon economy is still very serious. Third, on the basis of the panel data of 29 provinces and cities (except Tibet, Xinjiang, Tibet) from 2000 to 2014, the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy is empirically tested, and the annual growth rate, energy intensity and population growth rate of the control variable are introduced. The results of the total regression show that the strength of the intellectual property protection of China has a significant effect on the low-carbon economy, and the investment intensity of the scientific research funds has a positive effect on the low-carbon economy of our country, and the annual growth rate and the energy intensity of the human-living GDP. The annual growth rate of the population has an inhibitory effect on China's low-carbon economy. Fourth, according to the present situation of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economic development in China and the conclusions of the empirical analysis, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F124.5;F204
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