【摘要】：玉米種植在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占據(jù)的地位越來(lái)越被重視。要解決13億人口的吃飯生存問(wèn)題,必須提高糧食產(chǎn)量。那么如何提高玉米產(chǎn)量呢?在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品播種面積、施用的化肥肥料、農(nóng)業(yè)技巧,農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化、灌溉投入、農(nóng)村農(nóng)戶(hù)勞動(dòng)力投入等種種因素當(dāng)中,究竟哪一個(gè)因素處在較為起到顯著的狀態(tài)的作用呢?明確掌握農(nóng)產(chǎn)品玉米成本的構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu),計(jì)算出各構(gòu)成要素在總成本當(dāng)中所占的比重以及玉米種植的成本收益、化肥成本在總成本當(dāng)中占的比重,并分析玉米種植中所施用的化肥施用情況。在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,玉米種植要以成本最小化,利潤(rùn)最大化為最大經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)是對(duì)玉米種植成本收益具有重大意義。利用成本收益分析方法,在與不同地區(qū)玉米成本收益比較分析、內(nèi)蒙古玉米成本收益的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)化肥施用進(jìn)行成本收益分析,并著重分析了化肥使用對(duì)玉米生產(chǎn)中的比重以及變動(dòng)趨勢(shì),由此得出收益成本變化。本文首先對(duì)不同地區(qū)與內(nèi)蒙古玉米種植成本收益進(jìn)行比較,選取遼寧、吉林、黑龍江、河北等玉米種植主產(chǎn)區(qū),與內(nèi)蒙古玉米種植成本本收益進(jìn)行比較。重點(diǎn)因素包括：玉米種植總成本、凈利潤(rùn)、生產(chǎn)成本和產(chǎn)值合計(jì)進(jìn)行比較。由于不同地區(qū)的地理位置和自然條件與氣候變化等不同因素,玉米種植業(yè)存在多方面的地方性差異。其次,對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古玉米種植化肥成本收益進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,從化肥成本入手,比較分析了玉米化肥成本及其各構(gòu)成要素變化趨勢(shì),如化肥費(fèi)、種子費(fèi)、農(nóng)家費(fèi)、農(nóng)膜費(fèi)、機(jī)械作業(yè)費(fèi)、畜力費(fèi)等對(duì)玉米生產(chǎn)有直接影響的因素所占的比重以及玉米種植中所使用的化肥成本收益之間的關(guān)系并系統(tǒng)的研究了內(nèi)蒙古玉米種植中的化肥施用情況。分析得出,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,首先考慮的是成本與收益問(wèn)題。因此在玉米種植過(guò)程中會(huì)控制成本,選擇其認(rèn)為最合理的要素比例。其中化肥是玉米種植中不可或缺的投入要素,化肥投入可以增加玉米的產(chǎn)出,提高糧食產(chǎn)量；但是同時(shí)化肥投入是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本。因此只要化肥的邊際收入大于邊際成本就會(huì)增加化肥的投入從而實(shí)現(xiàn)收益的加大。最后,對(duì)全文的結(jié)論進(jìn)行歸納、總結(jié),并提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Corn planting plays a more and more important role in agricultural production. In order to solve the problem of feeding and survival of 1.3 billion people, we must increase grain production. So how to increase corn yield? Which of the factors, such as the planting area of agricultural products, fertilizer and fertilizer applied, agricultural techniques, agricultural mechanization, irrigation input, labor input of rural farmers and so on, is playing a more significant role? Clearly grasp the structure of the cost of agricultural products corn, calculate the proportion of each component element in the total cost, the cost benefit of corn planting, the proportion of chemical fertilizer cost in the total cost, The application of chemical fertilizer in maize planting was analyzed. Under the condition of market economy, it is of great significance to minimize the cost and maximize the profit of maize planting. Based on the cost-benefit analysis method, the cost and benefit analysis of chemical fertilizer application was carried out on the basis of comparative analysis of maize cost and benefit with different regions and Inner Mongolia corn cost and income. The proportion and changing trend of fertilizer use in maize production were analyzed, and the change of income and cost was obtained. In this paper, the cost and income of maize planting in different regions and Inner Mongolia were compared. Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei and other main corn planting areas were selected to compare with Inner Mongolia corn planting cost. The key factors include: total cost of corn planting, net profit, production cost and total output value. Because of different factors such as geographical location, natural conditions and climate change in different regions, there are many local differences in maize planting industry. Secondly, the cost and income of planting chemical fertilizer in Inner Mongolia are analyzed statistically, and the cost of chemical fertilizer and its components are compared and analyzed from the cost of chemical fertilizer, such as fertilizer fee, seed cost, farm family fee, farm film cost. The relationship between the proportion of factors which have direct influence on maize production and the cost and benefit of chemical fertilizer used in maize planting is studied systematically in Inner Mongolia. Analysis, agricultural production, the first consideration is the cost and income. Therefore, the cost will be controlled in the process of corn planting, and the most reasonable proportion of elements will be chosen. Chemical fertilizer is an indispensable input element in maize planting. The input of chemical fertilizer can increase the output of corn and increase the grain yield, but at the same time, the input of chemical fertilizer is the cost of agricultural production. So long as the marginal income of fertilizer is greater than the marginal cost, it will increase the input of fertilizer and realize the increase of income. Finally, the conclusion of the paper is summarized, and the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F326.11

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐則林;;發(fā)揮玉米生產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)把糧食產(chǎn)量恢復(fù)到災(zāi)前水平[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)縱橫;1986年06期

2 佟屏亞;;玉米環(huán)球旅行記[J];種子世界;1986年01期

3 佟屏亞;世界玉米產(chǎn)銷(xiāo)形勢(shì)及發(fā)展預(yù)測(cè)[J];世界農(nóng)業(yè);1987年05期

4 譚廣學(xué);從“玉米帶”到“奶牛帶”[J];w蕓，

本文編號(hào)：2284857