【摘要】：目的:了解重慶市農(nóng)村居民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的利用及評(píng)價(jià)情況,揭示居民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室滿意和不滿意的因素;提出改進(jìn)措施,為提高村衛(wèi)生室的服務(wù)能力與服務(wù)質(zhì)量提供參考性的建議。方法:1.文獻(xiàn)研究通過查閱中國知網(wǎng)、萬方等數(shù)據(jù)平臺(tái),閱讀整理相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)、書籍、法律法規(guī)等資料,學(xué)習(xí)了解與村衛(wèi)生室有關(guān)的概念、建設(shè)情況、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以及其他省市農(nóng)村居民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的滿意度情況。2.定量資料分析根據(jù)重慶市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展情況采取分層抽樣的方法,于2015年3~5月,基于重慶市最新都市功能核心區(qū)域的劃分,分別選取“都市功能核心區(qū)”“都市功能拓展區(qū)”“城市發(fā)展新區(qū)”“渝東北生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)發(fā)展區(qū)”“渝東南生態(tài)保護(hù)發(fā)展區(qū)”的九龍坡區(qū)、渝北區(qū)、璧山區(qū)、墊江縣、武隆縣五個(gè)區(qū)縣,每個(gè)區(qū)縣按經(jīng)濟(jì)條件分層選取3個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),每個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)方便選取100名農(nóng)村居民采用自行設(shè)計(jì)問卷調(diào)查,內(nèi)容主要包括村民的基本情況、對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的利用情況、對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的評(píng)價(jià)情況三個(gè)方面。由經(jīng)過統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn)的調(diào)查人員現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)放問卷、親自或指導(dǎo)填寫并當(dāng)場(chǎng)回收,共發(fā)放問卷900份,回收858份,回收率95.3%。3.定性訪談定性訪談采取一對(duì)一的形式,外加一名記錄人員,采用自行設(shè)計(jì)的訪談提綱,訪談提綱主要涉及對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的選擇利用、村衛(wèi)生室的改善情況、村醫(yī)技術(shù)水平及建議等五個(gè)方面,在五個(gè)區(qū)縣分別選取一位村民進(jìn)行深度訪談,然后對(duì)訪談收集到的信息加以整理歸納形成觀點(diǎn)。4.統(tǒng)計(jì)分析所有收集的數(shù)據(jù)整理之后采用excel進(jìn)行錄入,運(yùn)用spss19.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)描述、卡方檢驗(yàn),再運(yùn)用excel制作相關(guān)的圖表,再結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、人口學(xué)、管理學(xué)等知識(shí)進(jìn)行綜合分析與評(píng)價(jià)。5.質(zhì)量控制本次調(diào)查對(duì)所有調(diào)查人員進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn),統(tǒng)一了對(duì)問題的把握度和評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),正式調(diào)查前對(duì)武隆縣進(jìn)行了預(yù)調(diào)查,對(duì)調(diào)查結(jié)果及在調(diào)查過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行整理分析,特別是對(duì)問卷部分題目邏輯性不合理的地方進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。結(jié)果:從調(diào)查結(jié)果看出,村民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的利用情況較好,98.14%村民表示本村有村衛(wèi)生室,89.51%的村民表示離家最近的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)為村衛(wèi)生室,75.29%的村民表示會(huì)選擇村衛(wèi)生室作為第一就診地點(diǎn),但93.73%的村民表示病情嚴(yán)重時(shí)不會(huì)繼續(xù)選擇在村衛(wèi)生室就醫(yī);對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的評(píng)價(jià)方面,35.2%的村民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室總體評(píng)價(jià)為較好,其中評(píng)價(jià)為“較好”人數(shù)最多是璧山區(qū),有92人,占58.97%,最少的是墊江縣,有42人,占18.75%;五個(gè)區(qū)縣不同評(píng)價(jià)情況差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,(χ2=127.764,p=0.000)。對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室最滿意的地方63.4%的村民認(rèn)為是離家的距離,23.08%村民表示最不滿意的地方為治療效果。討論與建議:重慶市農(nóng)村居民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的利用情況較好,村民對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的整體評(píng)價(jià)較好,但在技術(shù)水平和健康知識(shí)的宣傳方面評(píng)價(jià)相對(duì)較差,應(yīng)加大對(duì)村衛(wèi)生室的投入,積極組織村醫(yī)到上級(jí)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)或高等醫(yī)學(xué)院校進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的學(xué)習(xí)與培訓(xùn),提高村衛(wèi)生室醫(yī)務(wù)人員的技術(shù)水平,加強(qiáng)對(duì)慢性疾病、婦幼保健方面健康知識(shí)的宣傳。
[Abstract]:OBJECTIVE: To understand the utilization and evaluation of village clinics by rural residents in Chongqing, reveal the factors of their satisfaction and dissatisfaction with village clinics, and put forward improvement measures to improve the service ability and quality of village clinics. Collect relevant literature, books, laws and regulations, learn about the concept of village clinics, construction, development trends and other provinces and cities of rural residents satisfaction with village clinics. 2. Quantitative data analysis based on the economic and social development of Chongqing to adopt stratified sampling method in March-May 2015, based on Chongqing. The latest division of the city's urban function core areas, respectively, selected "urban function core area", "urban function expansion area", "urban development new area", "northeast Chongqing ecological conservation and development area", "southeast Chongqing ecological protection and development area" of Jiulongpo District, Yubei District, Bishan District, Dianjiang County, Wulong County five districts and counties, each district and county according to the economic strip. Three townships were selected at different levels, and 100 rural residents were conveniently selected from each townships to adopt self-designed questionnaires, which mainly included the basic situation of villagers, the utilization of village clinics and the evaluation of village clinics. A total of 900 questionnaires were sent out and 858 questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 95.3%. 3. Qualitative interviews were conducted in a one-to-one manner, with a recorder and a self-designed interview outline. The interview outline mainly involved the selection and utilization of village clinics, the improvement of village clinics, and the technical level and suggestions of village doctors. Each County selected a villager to conduct in-depth interviews, and then summarized the information collected from the interviews to form a point of view. 4. Statistical analysis of all the collected data was processed by Excel input, using SPSS 19.0 for statistical description, chi-square test, and then use Excel to make relevant charts, and then combined with economics, demography, etc. 5. Quality control This survey trained all the investigators in a unified way, unified the grasp of the problem and evaluation criteria, conducted a preliminary survey of Wulong County before the formal investigation, collated and analyzed the results of the survey and the problems found during the investigation, especially the questionnaire department. Results: According to the survey results, 98.14% of the villagers said that there were village clinics, 89.51% of the villagers said that the nearest medical institution was the village clinic, 75.29% of the villagers said that they would choose the village clinic as the first place to see a doctor. 3.73% of the villagers said that they would not continue to seek medical treatment in the village clinic when the disease was serious; 35.2% of the villagers evaluated the village clinic as a whole, of which 92 (58.97%) were in Bishan District, and 42 (18.75%) were in Dianjiang County, the five districts and counties with different evaluation conditions. The difference was statistically significant (_2 = 127.764, P = 0.000). 63.4% of the villagers thought that the most satisfactory place was the distance from home, 23.08% of the villagers said that the most unsatisfactory place was the treatment effect. The evaluation of technical level and health knowledge is relatively poor. We should increase investment in village clinics, actively organize village doctors to go to higher medical institutions or colleges for corresponding study and training, improve the technical level of village clinic medical staff, and strengthen the publicity of health knowledge on chronic diseases and maternal and child health care.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R197.62

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2247654