寧夏地區(qū)2000-2014年土地荒漠化遙感監(jiān)測(cè)及驅(qū)動(dòng)因子分析
[Abstract]:Land desertification mainly occurs in arid and semi-arid areas with fragile ecology. Ningxia Autonomous Region is a serious area of desertification. In recent years, due to the improvement of natural environment and the implementation of national policies, the area of desertification in Ningxia has gradually decreased, but the situation of desertification is still serious. The change characteristics and driving factors of vegetation cover and vegetation precipitation use efficiency (RUE) in growing season were systematically analyzed. The occurrence process and causes of desertification in Ningxia were elaborated in detail. The reasonable suggestions for desertification control in Ningxia were put forward according to the driving factors of desertification occurrence, which had certain reference value for the restoration of ecological environment in Ningxia. In this study, MOD13Q1 data, DEM data, land use classification map and other spatial data, as well as meteorological data and social statistical data and other non-spatial data were used. With the support of MATlab and ArcGIS software, land desertification status was evaluated by spatial trend analysis, gravity center transfer model and grey relational analysis. In this paper, the degradation of vegetation cover from 2000 to 2014 is monitored, and the utilization rate of vegetation precipitation is used as the main index of desertification monitoring. The desertification situation in Ningxia in recent 15 years is analyzed. On this basis, the influence of topographic factors, vegetation types, meteorological factors and socio-economic factors on desertification is quantitatively analyzed. The following: (1) According to the meteorological data of Ningxia from 1980 to 2014, the climate change characteristics of Ningxia in the past 35 years were analyzed. The temperature of Ningxia in the past 35 years showed an upward trend; the precipitation in the South decreased, the central region was stable, and the northern region increased; the sunshine hours decreased; the relative humidity in the north and South decreased except the central region. The rising area mainly distributes in the north of Ningxia, accounting for 63.4% of the total area; the precipitation shows an upward trend in the middle and south of Ningxia; the sunshine hours all have a downward trend, especially in the south; the average relative humidity increases in the South and decreases in the north. (2) Based on the cumulative normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the growing season, the dynamic changes of vegetation cover in Ningxia from 2000 to 2014 were analyzed. The vegetation cover in southern Ningxia and irrigation area of diversion from the Yellow River were higher, the desertification in central Ningxia was serious, and the vegetation cover was lower. The analysis of NDVI shows that the vegetation coverage will continue to improve in the future. The gravity migration route of vegetation coverage shows that the low vegetation coverage gradually migrates to the north of Ningxia, and the higher vegetation coverage has a direction. (3) According to the cumulative NDVI and precipitation in the growing season, the utilization rate of vegetation precipitation was calculated, and the dynamic of land desertification in Ningxia from 2000 to 2014 was evaluated by analyzing the changing trend of RUE. Based on the data of 2000, the area of desertification occurred in 2000-2014 accounted for 7.79% of the total area, mainly located in Helan Mountain and Liupan Mountain. In 2005, 2010 and 2014, desertification areas accounted for 15.82%, 11.61% and 7.79% of the total area, respectively. Therefore, the proportion of desertification in Ningxia is gradually decreasing, and the center of desertification tends to move northward. The influence of elevation and slope is obvious, which shows that the proportion of desertification decreases first and then increases with the increase of elevation and slope. (4) Through the analysis of the driving factors of vegetation dynamics and desertification in Ningxia, it is found that the correlation between vegetation NDVI, vegetation precipitation utilization rate and various influencing factors is quite different, especially in the aspects of vegetation dynamics and desertification. On the two meteorological factors of precipitation and relative humidity, NDVI of vegetation was positively correlated with precipitation and relative humidity, while the utilization ratio of vegetation precipitation was negatively correlated with precipitation and relative humidity. Hours and average temperature are the dominant factors of vegetation degradation, and the change of vegetation precipitation utilization rate is affected by both meteorological and human factors. Sunshine hours, average temperature, relative humidity, population and animal husbandry are the main factors of desertification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:江蘇師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:P237;P941.73
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