【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,近年來(lái)我國(guó)汽車保有量始終呈快速增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì),隨之而來(lái)的就是巨大的能源消耗以及環(huán)境問(wèn)題。伴隨著更加嚴(yán)格和全面的排放法律法規(guī)的出臺(tái),各發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家均通過(guò)增加后處理系統(tǒng)的方式來(lái)降低柴油機(jī)的排放問(wèn)題,而柴油機(jī)SCR后處理技術(shù)因其相關(guān)優(yōu)勢(shì)已經(jīng)逐漸成為我國(guó)汽車廠家主選的后處理技術(shù)路線。在SCR后處理系統(tǒng)中,尿素泵是尿素溶液噴射計(jì)量系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,其主要功能是抽取尿素箱內(nèi)的尿素溶液,并保持一定的壓力,然后輸送到噴射單元,滿足噴射計(jì)量系統(tǒng)對(duì)流量和壓力的要求。因此尿素泵的可靠性對(duì)整個(gè)SCR后處理效果起著著至關(guān)重要的作用。在實(shí)車中,尿素計(jì)量泵分為氣助式和非氣助式兩種,實(shí)際使用過(guò)程中,尿素泵故障率較高,因其使用環(huán)境存在差異,導(dǎo)致廠家對(duì)各泵之間一致性、劣化性無(wú)法判定。為此,本課題目的為設(shè)計(jì)并制造一套通用型多工位尿素泵綜合試驗(yàn)臺(tái),并通過(guò)離線耐久試驗(yàn)的形式來(lái)考察尿素泵的可靠性能。首先,設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了通用型多工位尿素泵離線耐久試驗(yàn)臺(tái)。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的多工位設(shè)計(jì)要求,以及離線耐久試驗(yàn)的特點(diǎn)(本實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)所噴射的尿素不需要在排氣管內(nèi)進(jìn)行真實(shí)的反應(yīng)),設(shè)計(jì)了可以有效優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)臺(tái)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的橫管豎井尿素箱結(jié)構(gòu)以及可視化噴霧組件結(jié)構(gòu)；同時(shí)通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)中柴油機(jī)廠家主要配套使用的尿素計(jì)量泵外形尺寸信息進(jìn)行調(diào)研,設(shè)計(jì)了通用型安裝工位,可裝配不同廠家生產(chǎn)的泵；為了更真實(shí)的接近尿素泵的工作環(huán)境,實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中所用液體為尿素溶液,因此設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的密封性測(cè)試,以保證試驗(yàn)臺(tái)能夠在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間進(jìn)行耐久測(cè)試時(shí)正常工作；由于排氣口匯混有尿素噴霧,設(shè)計(jì)了一款水過(guò)濾裝置：試驗(yàn)臺(tái)自身配備壓縮機(jī)及氣罐,同時(shí)也配有外接氣源接口,方便在廠區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)時(shí)使用外接氣源。其次,設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)一款離線控制系統(tǒng),可以直接通過(guò)向CAN總線發(fā)送報(bào)文的形式對(duì)尿素泵的噴射量進(jìn)行控制,噴射量可為固定值,也可由一組數(shù)值組成,通過(guò)對(duì)大小循環(huán)的設(shè)定,可以整體控制耐久試驗(yàn)的時(shí)間；本系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)整體控制各待測(cè)泵也可實(shí)現(xiàn)單獨(dú)控制各待測(cè)泵,并集成了實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)記錄保存功能；通過(guò)解析泵自身反饋的報(bào)文定義,可以實(shí)時(shí)的對(duì)每個(gè)泵的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。此外,本系統(tǒng)還實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種上位機(jī)與多個(gè)具有相同地址CAN節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行通信這一目標(biāo),解決一臺(tái)電腦與多個(gè)具有相同地址的CAN節(jié)點(diǎn)的通信問(wèn)題。最后對(duì)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行功能測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證了試驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性與可靠性。隨后進(jìn)行了1000小時(shí)尿素泵耐久試驗(yàn),隨機(jī)抽取三種品牌共10個(gè)泵(8氣助式、2非氣助式),分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行編號(hào),同時(shí)對(duì)各個(gè)待測(cè)泵進(jìn)行手動(dòng)精度測(cè)試并記錄數(shù)據(jù),1000小時(shí)耐久試驗(yàn)后,重新測(cè)試各待測(cè)泵的精度,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)前后的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析,對(duì)各泵之間的一致性、差異性以及劣化程度進(jìn)行判定,得出相關(guān)結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the social economy, the car ownership in China has been increasing rapidly in recent years, which is followed by huge energy consumption and environmental problems. With the introduction of more stringent and comprehensive emission laws and regulations, all engine manufacturers have passed the way of increasing the post processing system to reduce diesel engines. In the post processing system of SCR, the urea pump is an important part of the urea solution injection metering system. The main function of the urea pump is to extract the urea solution of Sucane's urea and maintain a certain pressure in the post-processing system of the urea solution in the post processing system of the automobile manufacturers in China. Then it is transported to the injection unit to meet the requirements for the flow and pressure of the injection metering system. Therefore, the reliability of the urea pump plays a vital role in the treatment effect of the whole SCR. In the actual vehicle, the urea metering pump is divided into two kinds of gas and non gas assistance. In actual use, the urea pump has a higher failure rate and is stored in the environment. In this case, a universal multi position urea pump comprehensive test bed was designed and manufactured, and the reliability of the urea pump was investigated by off-line durability test. First, a universal multi position urea pump off-line durability test was designed and built. According to the design requirements of the test bench and the characteristics of the off-line durability test (the urea ejected in this experimental platform does not require real reaction in the exhaust pipe), the structure of the urea box in the horizontal pipe shaft and the structure of the visible spray component, which can effectively optimize the internal structure of the test rig, are designed, and at the same time, the domestic market is adopted. In order to get closer to the working environment of the urea pump, the liquid used in the process of the urea pump is a urea solution, so the strict sealing test is carried out in the design process. It is ensured that the test-bed can work normally for a long time. As the exhaust manifold is mixed with urea spray, a water filter is designed: the test bench is equipped with a compressor and a gas tank, and also equipped with an external gas source interface to facilitate the use of the external gas source in the laboratory test. Secondly, design and develop a model. The off-line control system can control the injection amount of the urea pump directly by sending messages to the CAN bus. The injection amount can be a fixed value, and it can also be composed of a set of values. Through the setting of the size circulation, the time of the endurance test can be controlled as a whole. The system can realize the overall control of each pending pump and can also be controlled alone. Each pump is to be measured and the real-time data record and storage function is integrated, and the state of each pump can be monitored in real time by analyzing the message definition of the feedback of the pump. In addition, the system also realizes the goal of communication between a host computer and multiple CAN nodes with the same address to solve a computer with the same address as many. The CAN node's communication problem. Finally, the test bench was tested to verify the rationality and reliability of the test bed design. Then the 1000 hour urea pump durability test was carried out, and three kinds of brands were randomly selected for 10 pumps (8 gas assistance, 2 non gas assistance), and their numbers were numbered respectively. At the same time, the manual precision test of each test pump was carried out. Record data, after 1000 hour endurance test, retest the precision of each test pump, compare and analyze the data before and after the experiment, determine the consistency, difference and deterioration degree between each pump, and draw the relevant conclusions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TQ441.41

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