【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,近年來我國汽車保有量始終呈快速增長的趨勢,隨之而來的就是巨大的能源消耗以及環(huán)境問題。伴隨著更加嚴格和全面的排放法律法規(guī)的出臺,各發(fā)動機生產(chǎn)廠家均通過增加后處理系統(tǒng)的方式來降低柴油機的排放問題,而柴油機SCR后處理技術因其相關優(yōu)勢已經(jīng)逐漸成為我國汽車廠家主選的后處理技術路線。在SCR后處理系統(tǒng)中,尿素泵是尿素溶液噴射計量系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,其主要功能是抽取尿素箱內(nèi)的尿素溶液,并保持一定的壓力,然后輸送到噴射單元,滿足噴射計量系統(tǒng)對流量和壓力的要求。因此尿素泵的可靠性對整個SCR后處理效果起著著至關重要的作用。在實車中,尿素計量泵分為氣助式和非氣助式兩種,實際使用過程中,尿素泵故障率較高,因其使用環(huán)境存在差異,導致廠家對各泵之間一致性、劣化性無法判定。為此,本課題目的為設計并制造一套通用型多工位尿素泵綜合試驗臺,并通過離線耐久試驗的形式來考察尿素泵的可靠性能。首先,設計并搭建了通用型多工位尿素泵離線耐久試驗臺。根據(jù)試驗臺的多工位設計要求,以及離線耐久試驗的特點(本實驗臺所噴射的尿素不需要在排氣管內(nèi)進行真實的反應),設計了可以有效優(yōu)化試驗臺內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的橫管豎井尿素箱結(jié)構(gòu)以及可視化噴霧組件結(jié)構(gòu)；同時通過對國內(nèi)市場中柴油機廠家主要配套使用的尿素計量泵外形尺寸信息進行調(diào)研,設計了通用型安裝工位,可裝配不同廠家生產(chǎn)的泵；為了更真實的接近尿素泵的工作環(huán)境,實驗過程中所用液體為尿素溶液,因此設計過程中進行了嚴格的密封性測試,以保證試驗臺能夠在長時間進行耐久測試時正常工作；由于排氣口匯混有尿素噴霧,設計了一款水過濾裝置：試驗臺自身配備壓縮機及氣罐,同時也配有外接氣源接口,方便在廠區(qū)實驗室內(nèi)進行試驗時使用外接氣源。其次,設計開發(fā)一款離線控制系統(tǒng),可以直接通過向CAN總線發(fā)送報文的形式對尿素泵的噴射量進行控制,噴射量可為固定值,也可由一組數(shù)值組成,通過對大小循環(huán)的設定,可以整體控制耐久試驗的時間；本系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)整體控制各待測泵也可實現(xiàn)單獨控制各待測泵,并集成了實時數(shù)據(jù)記錄保存功能；通過解析泵自身反饋的報文定義,可以實時的對每個泵的狀態(tài)進行監(jiān)控。此外,本系統(tǒng)還實現(xiàn)了一種上位機與多個具有相同地址CAN節(jié)點進行通信這一目標,解決一臺電腦與多個具有相同地址的CAN節(jié)點的通信問題。最后對試驗臺進行功能測試,驗證了試驗臺設計的合理性與可靠性。隨后進行了1000小時尿素泵耐久試驗,隨機抽取三種品牌共10個泵(8氣助式、2非氣助式),分別對其進行編號,同時對各個待測泵進行手動精度測試并記錄數(shù)據(jù),1000小時耐久試驗后,重新測試各待測泵的精度,根據(jù)實驗前后的數(shù)據(jù)進行比對分析,對各泵之間的一致性、差異性以及劣化程度進行判定,得出相關結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the social economy, the car ownership in China has been increasing rapidly in recent years, which is followed by huge energy consumption and environmental problems. With the introduction of more stringent and comprehensive emission laws and regulations, all engine manufacturers have passed the way of increasing the post processing system to reduce diesel engines. In the post processing system of SCR, the urea pump is an important part of the urea solution injection metering system. The main function of the urea pump is to extract the urea solution of Sucane's urea and maintain a certain pressure in the post-processing system of the urea solution in the post processing system of the automobile manufacturers in China. Then it is transported to the injection unit to meet the requirements for the flow and pressure of the injection metering system. Therefore, the reliability of the urea pump plays a vital role in the treatment effect of the whole SCR. In the actual vehicle, the urea metering pump is divided into two kinds of gas and non gas assistance. In actual use, the urea pump has a higher failure rate and is stored in the environment. In this case, a universal multi position urea pump comprehensive test bed was designed and manufactured, and the reliability of the urea pump was investigated by off-line durability test. First, a universal multi position urea pump off-line durability test was designed and built. According to the design requirements of the test bench and the characteristics of the off-line durability test (the urea ejected in this experimental platform does not require real reaction in the exhaust pipe), the structure of the urea box in the horizontal pipe shaft and the structure of the visible spray component, which can effectively optimize the internal structure of the test rig, are designed, and at the same time, the domestic market is adopted. In order to get closer to the working environment of the urea pump, the liquid used in the process of the urea pump is a urea solution, so the strict sealing test is carried out in the design process. It is ensured that the test-bed can work normally for a long time. As the exhaust manifold is mixed with urea spray, a water filter is designed: the test bench is equipped with a compressor and a gas tank, and also equipped with an external gas source interface to facilitate the use of the external gas source in the laboratory test. Secondly, design and develop a model. The off-line control system can control the injection amount of the urea pump directly by sending messages to the CAN bus. The injection amount can be a fixed value, and it can also be composed of a set of values. Through the setting of the size circulation, the time of the endurance test can be controlled as a whole. The system can realize the overall control of each pending pump and can also be controlled alone. Each pump is to be measured and the real-time data record and storage function is integrated, and the state of each pump can be monitored in real time by analyzing the message definition of the feedback of the pump. In addition, the system also realizes the goal of communication between a host computer and multiple CAN nodes with the same address to solve a computer with the same address as many. The CAN node's communication problem. Finally, the test bench was tested to verify the rationality and reliability of the test bed design. Then the 1000 hour urea pump durability test was carried out, and three kinds of brands were randomly selected for 10 pumps (8 gas assistance, 2 non gas assistance), and their numbers were numbered respectively. At the same time, the manual precision test of each test pump was carried out. Record data, after 1000 hour endurance test, retest the precision of each test pump, compare and analyze the data before and after the experiment, determine the consistency, difference and deterioration degree between each pump, and draw the relevant conclusions.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ441.41

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