【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)也在迅速變化,其中就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化最為顯著。就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化與城市化發(fā)展是相互依存、相互制約的,就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化與升級(jí)會(huì)促進(jìn)城市化水平的提高,城市化水平的進(jìn)程也會(huì)影響就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化,而且兩者互動(dòng)發(fā)展已成為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要方面。就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展不僅是加快就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)和城市化發(fā)展的重要手段,也是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)進(jìn)步的最佳路徑。而且正確處理就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化的問題,關(guān)系到深化改革和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。因此,對(duì)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的研究具有特殊的意義。本文在就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化理論的基礎(chǔ)上,選取2000-2013年的相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),首先對(duì)人口就業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)、行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面對(duì)新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的演變進(jìn)行了分析,并跟全國(guó)平均水平進(jìn)行了比較。其次闡述新疆人口城市化的演變規(guī)律,并對(duì)跟全國(guó)平平均水平,新疆工業(yè)化率進(jìn)行了比較分析。然后,根據(jù)擬用產(chǎn)業(yè)-就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)偏差離度、錢納里發(fā)展模型、回歸分析等定量分析方法對(duì)新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化發(fā)展的關(guān)聯(lián)程度進(jìn)行了分析。之后,根據(jù)影響就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演變與城市化發(fā)展因素,建立了相應(yīng)的指標(biāo)體系,計(jì)算了各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重和綜合發(fā)展指數(shù),并評(píng)價(jià)了各年份就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)度及協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展度。最后從優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì),完善制度環(huán)境,推進(jìn)城市化發(fā)展等方面促進(jìn)新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提出了相關(guān)對(duì)策建議。文章得出如下結(jié)論:1、2000年以來新疆人口就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化,人口城市化水平也快速上升,并且二者之間具有較高的相關(guān)關(guān)系,就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變的緩慢是新疆城市化滯后的主要原因之一,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)人口就業(yè)比重的增加推動(dòng)城市化率的作用相當(dāng)于第二產(chǎn)業(yè)的3倍。2、2000-2013年間,新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)綜合水平和城市化綜合水平都保持著繼續(xù)上升的趨勢(shì),但各年城市化綜合發(fā)展指數(shù)一直高于就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)綜合發(fā)展指數(shù),而且增長(zhǎng)速度也比就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)綜合指數(shù)快。新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)在不斷優(yōu)化,城市化水平不斷提高,但是,就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化跟不上城市化發(fā)展。3、新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)度一直在0.96以上,協(xié)調(diào)程度很高。就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展度呈持續(xù)上升,以2000年的0.5342,到2013年上升到0.9123,上升速度較快,但低于協(xié)調(diào)度,這說明新疆就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與城市化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展主要受就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化綜合發(fā)展水平的影響。從深層來看,協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展度較低的主要原因是就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)落后不能夠適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代高效的發(fā)展,能夠制定有效政策促進(jìn)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化調(diào)整和升級(jí),將會(huì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步,提高人們生活水平,進(jìn)而加快城市化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the social economic structure is changing rapidly, especially the employment structure and urbanization. The optimization of employment structure and the development of urbanization are interdependent and mutually restricted. The optimization and upgrading of employment structure will promote the improvement of urbanization level, and the process of urbanization level will also affect the optimization of employment structure. And the two interactive development has become an important aspect of social and economic development. The harmonious development of employment structure and urbanization is not only an important means to accelerate the optimization and upgrading of employment structure and urbanization, but also the best way to realize economic development and social progress. The correct handling of employment structure and urbanization is related to deepening reform and social stability. Therefore, it is of special significance to study the harmonious development of employment structure and urbanization. Based on the theory of employment structure and urbanization, this paper selects the relevant statistical data from 2000 to 2013, and analyzes the evolution of employment structure in Xinjiang in terms of the industrial structure of population employment, the structure of urban and rural areas, the structure of industry, and so on. And compared with the national average. Secondly, it expounds the evolution law of population urbanization in Xinjiang, and makes a comparative analysis with the national average level and the industrialization rate of Xinjiang. Then, according to the quantitative analysis methods, such as the deviation degree of industry-employment structure, Chennari development model and regression analysis, the correlation degree between employment structure and urbanization development in Xinjiang is analyzed. Then, according to the factors affecting the evolution of employment structure and the development of urbanization, the corresponding index system is established, the weight of each index and the comprehensive development index are calculated, and the degree of coordination and development between employment structure and urbanization in each year is evaluated. Finally, the author puts forward some countermeasures to promote the harmonious development of employment structure and urbanization in Xinjiang from the aspects of optimizing the industrial structure, improving the quality of workers, perfecting the institutional environment and promoting the development of urbanization. The paper draws the following conclusion: the employment structure of Xinjiang population has been optimized continuously since 2000, and the level of population urbanization has also risen rapidly, and there is a high correlation between the two. The slow change of employment structure is one of the main reasons for the lag of urbanization in Xinjiang. The increase in the proportion of employment in the tertiary industry promotes the urbanization rate, which is equivalent to that of the secondary industry from 2000 to 2013. The comprehensive level of employment structure and the comprehensive level of urbanization in Xinjiang have maintained a rising trend, but the comprehensive development index of urbanization has always been higher than the comprehensive development index of employment structure in each year, and the growth rate is also faster than that of the comprehensive index of employment structure. The employment structure of Xinjiang is continuously optimized and the level of urbanization has been improved. However, the optimization of employment structure can not keep up with the development of urbanization. The degree of coordination between employment structure and urbanization in Xinjiang has been above 0.96, and the degree of coordination is very high. The degree of coordinated development of employment structure and urbanization has been rising continuously, from 0.5342 in 2000 to 0.9123 in 2013. The rate of increase is faster, but lower than the degree of coordination. This indicates that the harmonious development of employment structure and urbanization in Xinjiang is mainly influenced by the employment structure and the comprehensive development level of urbanization. From a deep point of view, the main reason for the low degree of coordinated development is that the backward employment structure cannot adapt to the modern and efficient development, can formulate effective policies to promote the optimization, adjustment and upgrading of the employment structure, and will promote economic development and social progress. Improve people's living standards, and then accelerate the development of urbanization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F249.27;F299.21

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