【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和居民生活質(zhì)量的不斷提升,人們對(duì)居住建筑內(nèi)的環(huán)境要求也越來越高,同時(shí)亦增大了對(duì)新型大功率照明設(shè)備及家電設(shè)備的使用,這對(duì)住宅建筑采暖和空調(diào)的能耗產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。住宅建筑室內(nèi)散熱量不僅對(duì)熱環(huán)境有著很大的影響,同時(shí)對(duì)住宅建筑的能耗變化也起著重要作用。鑒于此,對(duì)當(dāng)今住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量調(diào)查研究具有重要的研究?jī)r(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文通過對(duì)住宅建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)和窗戶的發(fā)展變化進(jìn)行分析總結(jié),得出隨著此二者逐年發(fā)展間接的使住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量有一定增加。同時(shí)由于人們的生活水平提高,各類家電的使用,使內(nèi)熱源散熱量自身也有了很大程度的提升。對(duì)西北地區(qū)住宅建筑進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,獲得內(nèi)熱源散熱量的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),依據(jù)數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法,分析所得數(shù)據(jù)的可信度和有效度,并在此基礎(chǔ)之上對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析得到西北地區(qū)城市和新農(nóng)村住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量動(dòng)態(tài)分布與指標(biāo)值。對(duì)各功能房間的散熱量指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的比較,且對(duì)影響內(nèi)熱源散熱量的各因素進(jìn)行分析。最終得到以下結(jié)論:(1)通過比較近年來住宅建筑的住房面積、家電設(shè)備和人民生活水平的變化情況可知,隨著社會(huì)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,不論是住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量本身,還是影響內(nèi)熱源散熱量的因素都已發(fā)生了很大的改變。(2)獲得了西北地區(qū)城市與新農(nóng)村住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量的動(dòng)態(tài)分布,在07:00-08:00、11:00-12:00、17:00-18:00和19:00-23:00這四個(gè)時(shí)段內(nèi)城市建筑客廳和廚房的內(nèi)熱源散熱量較高,新農(nóng)村中餐廳和客廳的內(nèi)熱源散熱量較高。(3)城市廚房和臥室的內(nèi)熱源散熱量比例各約占30%,客廳與衛(wèi)生間的內(nèi)熱源散熱量比例各約占20%。新農(nóng)村臥室的內(nèi)熱源散熱量比例約占30%,客廳、廚房和衛(wèi)生間的內(nèi)熱源散熱量比例各約占20%。(4)通過對(duì)問卷數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,獲得城市和新農(nóng)村住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量數(shù)值大約為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的2.4倍。由于建筑面積的原因,使得西北地區(qū)城市住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量指標(biāo)比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值增加了約20%,新農(nóng)村內(nèi)熱源散熱量指標(biāo)則僅增加了約3%。(5)城市客廳、廚房和衛(wèi)生間的內(nèi)熱源散熱量指標(biāo)值大于新農(nóng)村。人員對(duì)散熱量有著直接影響。隨著建筑面積的增加城市和新農(nóng)村的內(nèi)熱源散熱量指標(biāo)是逐漸降低的。年收入水平大于12萬元后,住宅建筑內(nèi)熱源散熱量基本穩(wěn)定在4.0kWh。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of the quality of life of the residents, the environmental requirements of residential buildings are becoming higher and higher. At the same time, the use of new high-power lighting equipment and household appliances has also been increased. This has had a great impact on the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning in residential buildings. Indoor heat dissipation of residential buildings not only has a great impact on the thermal environment, but also plays an important role in the change of energy consumption of residential buildings. In view of this, it has important research value and practical significance for the investigation and research of heat source heat emission in residential buildings. Based on the analysis and summary of the development of the envelope structure and windows of residential buildings, it is concluded that with the development of both of them year by year, the heat loss in residential buildings can be increased to a certain extent. At the same time, due to the improvement of people's living standard and the use of all kinds of household appliances, the internal heat source itself has been greatly improved. A questionnaire survey was conducted on residential buildings in Northwest China to obtain the relevant data of heat loss from internal heat source. According to the method of mathematical statistics, the reliability and validity of the data were analyzed. On this basis, the dynamic distribution and index value of heat source heat emission in urban and new rural residential buildings in Northwest China are obtained by analyzing the data. The heat dissipation indexes of each functional room were compared and the factors affecting the internal heat source heat loss were analyzed. Finally, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) by comparing the changes of housing area, household appliances and people's living standard in recent years, we can see that with the development of society and technology, whether it is the heat source of the residential building itself, The factors that affect the heat dissipation of internal heat source have changed greatly. (2) the dynamic distribution of heat source heat emission in urban and new rural residential buildings in Northwest China has been obtained. In the four periods of 07: 00-0800: 11: 00-12: 00, 17: 00-18: 00 and 19: 00-23: 00, the inner heat source of the living room and kitchen in urban buildings is relatively high. The new rural Chinese restaurant and living room internal heat source heat emission is higher. (3) the city kitchen and the bedroom internal heat source heat dissipation proportion each about 30%, the living room and the bathroom internal heat source heat dissipation proportion each about 20. The proportion of internal heat source heat emission in new rural bedrooms is about 30, and the proportion of internal heat emission in living room, kitchen and bathroom is about 20. (4) through the statistics and analysis of the questionnaire data, The heat emission of urban and new rural residential buildings is about 2.4 times of the standard. Because of the construction area, the heat emission index of urban residential buildings in northwest China has increased by about 20 percent over the standard value, while the heat emission index of new rural areas has only increased by about 3 percent. (5) Urban living rooms. The inner heat source of kitchen and bathroom is larger than the new countryside. Personnel have a direct impact on heat dissipation. With the increase of the building area, the internal heat emission index of urban and new countryside is decreasing gradually. After the annual income level is more than 120000 yuan, the heat source heat dissipation inside the residential building is basically stable at 4.0 kWh.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU111.195

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