【摘要】：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展以及經(jīng)濟全球化的不斷深化,跨境電子商務(wù)和第三方跨境支付業(yè)務(wù)在近年來呈現(xiàn)出蓬勃發(fā)展的態(tài)勢,我國消費者越來越多地選擇在海外購物平臺購買商品,第三方支付機構(gòu)也將自己的業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域擴展至第三方跨境支付市場。但與第三方支付業(yè)務(wù)的高速發(fā)展相比,我國對此領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)立法及監(jiān)管制度建設(shè)卻顯得相當滯后,隨著2013年我國正式開展支付機構(gòu)跨境外匯支付業(yè)務(wù)的試點,該領(lǐng)域的法律監(jiān)管已經(jīng)引起相關(guān)立法者和監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的重點關(guān)注。目前我國第三方跨境支付領(lǐng)域的專門立法較少,除外匯管理外,第三方跨境支付的法律監(jiān)管基本上參照適用第三方境內(nèi)支付的相關(guān)法律和監(jiān)管制度。因此,研究第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管問題,對我國跨境電子商務(wù)和第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管的完善具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。除引言和結(jié)語外,本文主要分為四個部分。第一部分對電子支付、第三方支付及第三方跨境支付的基本概念、支付模式、分類、發(fā)展歷程等基本問題進行了系統(tǒng)論述,并結(jié)合“中美電子支付服務(wù)爭端案”指出“電子支付”包括金融機構(gòu)的電子支付和非金融機構(gòu)的電子支付,第三方跨境支付是第三方支付具備“跨境”要素后的特殊情形,從而形成對第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管較為清晰的理解,理清了本文主要的研究思路和研究重點。第二部分論述了我國第三方跨境支付領(lǐng)域的法律監(jiān)管在立法現(xiàn)狀、監(jiān)管模式、第三方支付機構(gòu)定位、市場準入、沉淀資金監(jiān)管與安全、消費者權(quán)益保護、反洗錢制度、外匯管理等方面的內(nèi)容,指出了我國第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管存在的不足,主要包括基本法律監(jiān)管制度中存在的問題和外匯監(jiān)管方面存在的問題。第三方跨境支付基本法律監(jiān)管制度中主要存在第三方支付機構(gòu)定位模糊、法律監(jiān)管體系不健全、專門立法不完善、消費者權(quán)益保護力度不足等問題,外匯監(jiān)管制度中存在外匯交易真實性無法保證及外匯收支統(tǒng)計準確性下降的問題。第三部分主要是對第三方跨境支付最具代表性的歐美發(fā)達國家的法律監(jiān)管進行考察,在具體內(nèi)容上涉及監(jiān)管模式、第三方支付機構(gòu)的定位、市場準入、沉淀資金的監(jiān)管與安全、消費者權(quán)益保護等方面,并分析了歐美發(fā)達國家相關(guān)經(jīng)驗對我國第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管的啟示。第四部分主要是在總結(jié)前文研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對我國第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管存在的問題,并結(jié)合歐盟發(fā)達國家對我國的啟示,提出我國第三方跨境支付法律監(jiān)管的對策與建議,主要包括國內(nèi)法和國際法兩個層面的內(nèi)容。在國內(nèi)法層面,主要提出了應(yīng)賦予第三方支付機構(gòu)“準金融機構(gòu)”的法律地位、完善第三方跨境支付監(jiān)管體系、完善第三方跨境支付專門立法、加強消費者權(quán)益保護與客戶沉淀資金管理以及完善第三方跨境外匯管理制度等建議;在國際法層面,主要提出了要強化WTO規(guī)則意識、推動第三方跨境支付國際化和參照GATS、《有效銀行監(jiān)管核心原則》和《國際貸記劃撥示范法》等國際法規(guī)建立國際化第三方跨境支付監(jiān)管標準、加強國際合作的建議,并嘗試討論了我國在制定國際化的第三方跨境支付監(jiān)管標準及加強區(qū)域監(jiān)管合作等方面的可能性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet technology and the deepening of economic globalization, cross-border e-commerce and third party cross-border payment services have shown a booming trend in recent years. More and more Chinese consumers choose to purchase goods on the overseas shopping platform, and the third party payment institutions have also extended their business areas to third. However, compared with the rapid development of the third party payment business, the construction of the relevant legislation and supervision system in this field is quite lagging behind. With the formal implementation of the pilot of the cross-border payment business in China in 2013, the legal supervision in this field has already aroused the focus of the relevant legislators and regulators. At present, there are few special legislation in the third party's cross-border payment field. In addition to foreign exchange management, the legal supervision of the cross-border payment of the third party is basically referenced to the relevant laws and regulatory systems for the domestic payment of third parties. Therefore, the study of the legal supervision over the cross-border payment of the border between the third parties, cross-border e-commerce and the cross-border branch of the third party in China In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into four parts. In the first part, the basic concepts of electronic payment, the third party payment and the three party cross-border payment, the payment mode, the classification, the development process and other basic issues are systematically discussed, and the "electronic payment suit" between China and the United States is combined. "Electronic payment" points out that "electronic payment" includes electronic payment of financial institutions and electronic payment by non financial institutions. The third party cross-border payment is a special case after third party payment has "cross-border" elements, thus forming a clearer understanding of the legal supervision over the cross-border payment of third parties and clarifying the main research ideas of this article. The second part discusses the legal supervision of China's third party cross-border payment in the legislative situation, the mode of supervision, the positioning of the third party payment institutions, the market access, the supervision and security of the precipitated funds, the protection of the consumer rights and interests, the anti money laundering system, the foreign exchange management and so on, and points out the legal supervision over the cross-border payment of our country's third parties. The problems existing in the basic legal supervision system and the problems existing in the foreign exchange supervision are mainly included in the third party's basic legal supervision system of cross-border payment. The main existence of the third party payment institutions is vague, the legal supervision system is not perfect, the special legislation is not perfect, and the protection of the rights and interests of the consumers is not enough, and so on. There is no guarantee of the authenticity of foreign exchange transactions and the decline in the accuracy of the statistics of foreign exchange receipts and payments. The third part is mainly the investigation of the legal supervision of the third European and American developed countries, which are the most representative of the cross-border payments. The specific content involves the regulatory model, the positioning of the third party payment institutions, the market access, and the precipitation. The supervision and security of funds, the protection of the rights and interests of consumers, and the revelation of the related experience of the developed countries in Europe and the United States to the legal supervision of third party cross-border payment in China. The fourth part is mainly on the basis of summarizing the previous research, aiming at the problems existing in the legal supervision and management of the cross-border payment of third parties in our country, and combining with the developed countries of the EU to me. On the basis of domestic law, the legal status of the "quasi financial institutions" should be given to the third party payment institutions, and the legal status of the "quasi financial institutions" should be given to the third party payment institutions, and the cross border payment supervision system of the third party should be perfected to improve the cross-border branch of the third party. Paying special legislation, strengthening the protection of consumers' rights and interests and settling capital management of customers and perfecting the third party cross-border foreign exchange management system. At the level of international law, we mainly put forward to strengthen the awareness of WTO rules, promote the internationalization of third parties' cross-border payments and refer to the GATS, the core principles of effective banking supervision and the model law of international credit transfer. International regulations should be established to establish international third party cross-border payment supervision standards, strengthen international cooperation proposals, and try to discuss the possibility of developing international standards for cross-border payment supervision and strengthening regional supervision cooperation.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D922.28

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