本文選題：智力障礙兒童 + 正常兒童�。� 參考：《四川師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自從我國放開二胎生育政策后,生育二胎的家庭增多,再生育一時成為研究的熱點話題,智力障礙兒童家庭再生育情況其實早已有之,但針對智力障礙兒童的再生育家庭的研究卻較少,主要集中于再生育情況統(tǒng)計和隨訪、再生育風險臨床研究等,對頭胎為有智力障礙的兒童,二胎為正常兒童的特殊家庭關注更少。國內外對家庭教育觀的研究成果也很多,目前我國家庭教育觀的研究大多分別涉及正常兒童或特殊兒童家庭,以并存特殊兒童和正常兒童的家庭的研究甚少,與我國相比,國外更重視家庭教育,有專門的家庭政策管理機構和家長培訓,在家庭教育中尊重孩子的意志和權利。為了能更好的服務這類特殊家庭,研究者從家庭教育觀著手,主要采用問卷法和訪談法,利用自編“再生育家庭教育觀調查問卷”對四川省10所特殊教育學校的再生育家庭中,頭胎為有智力障礙的兒童,二胎為正常兒童的50個家庭進行了調查,并選擇了其中5名家長進行了訪談,通過收集整理資料,了解這類家庭的再生育意愿和影響因素,家庭教育觀的異同之處,從人才觀、教子觀、親子觀、兒童觀四個方面展開,對教育過程中家長的教育理念、方法、內容、行為、困難和問題等進行研究。結果顯示,四川省智力障礙兒童再生育家庭的家庭教育觀受到再生育意愿及風險;家長的文化水平;家庭經濟水平;社會看法;國家福利政策等因素的影響。其家庭教育觀的研究結果簡要概括為:1.家長對智力障礙兒童的期待較低,在學業(yè)方面的期待差別最大,教育經濟和時間上的支出分配不均,有極端現(xiàn)象,常顧此失彼。2.家長缺乏孩子具有獨立人格的認識,阻礙了孩子的自主權的發(fā)揮,認為智力障礙兒童與正常兒童并存的家庭情況就孩子的教育和發(fā)展的問題上有利有弊。3.家長在對待兩個孩子的教育觀存在明顯差異,更多家長會把時間花在正常兒童身上,在孩子具體矛盾的處理和物資分配上傾向于公平分配,日常交流采用平等交流為主。4.家長們普遍意識到家庭教育中最重要的角色應該是“父母”雙方,但在實際生活中,教育和看護孩子往往以作為母親的責任為主。5.家庭教育中普遍存在缺乏專業(yè)知識和方法、沒有足夠的時間和耐心、家庭成員教育意見不統(tǒng)一的問題。教育信息獲取渠道較多,但主要依賴于學校。因此,本研究建議:政府要加大智力障礙兒童再生育家庭的財政補貼;社會和家庭要全面關注并解讀學習國家福利政策;家長學校要一起制定兒童長短期成長規(guī)劃;教師要認真送教上門,開展家訪;心理學相關專業(yè)人員要定期進行家長交流和心理輔導。從多方面支持并幫助智力障礙兒童再生育家庭,改善其家庭教育狀況。
[Abstract]:Since the second birth policy has been released in China, the number of families having two births has increased, and the reproduction has become a hot topic in the study. The family rebirth of children with mental retardation has long been in fact. However, there are few studies on the regenerative family for children with mental retardation, mainly focusing on the statistics and follow-up of reproductive conditions and the risk of reproduction. The research on the first child with mental retardation and the special family of the second child for normal children is less concerned. There are many research achievements on the family education view at home and abroad. At present, most of the research on the family education concept in China involves normal children or special children's families, and there is little research on the family of special children and normal children. Compared with our country, foreign countries pay more attention to family education, have special family policy management institutions and parents training, and respect children's will and rights in family education. In order to serve this kind of special family better, the researchers begin with the family education concept, mainly using the questionnaire and interview method, using the "regenerative family education view". In the regenerative family of 10 special education schools in Sichuan Province, the first child with mental retardation and 50 families with two normal children were investigated, and 5 of them were interviewed. By collecting and sorting out the data, the family education outlook and the differences and similarities between them were understood. From four aspects of talent view, teaching concept, parent-child view and children's view, the educational concept, method, content, behavior, difficulties and problems of parents in the process of education are studied. The results show that the family education view of the regenerative family of children with mental retardation in Sichuan is subject to the rebirth intention and risk; the cultural level of the parents; the family economy. The results of the family education outlook are briefly summarized as follows: 1. the expectations of children with intellectual disabilities are lower, the difference in academic expectations is the greatest, the distribution of expenditure in the education economy and time is uneven, and there is an extreme phenomenon, and the parents who lose the.2. are independent of their independence. The understanding of personality hinders the children's autonomy. It is believed that the family situation of the coexistence of children with mental retardation and normal children has advantages and disadvantages on the education and development of children.3. parents have obvious differences in the education view of the two children. More parents will spend their time on normal children and the children are in specific contradictions. .4. parents generally realize that the most important role in family education should be "parents", but in real life, education and care for children tend to be the responsibility of the mother as the main part of.5. family education, and there is a general lack of professional knowledge in the family education. And methods, there is not enough time and patience, the education opinion of family members is not unified. The access to education information is more channels, but it is mainly dependent on the school. Therefore, this study suggests that the government should increase the financial subsidies for the children with intellectual disabilities; the society and the family should pay attention to and interpret the national welfare policy of learning; parents The school should make children grow together short and long term planning; teachers should carefully sent to the door, to carry out home visits; personnel psychology related to regular communication between parents and psychological counseling. From the aspects of support and help children improve their regeneration of family education, family education status.
【學位授予單位】：四川師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G78;G764

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本文編號：2046117