本文選題：民營(yíng)企業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：對(duì)外直接投資　出處：《天津商業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年,我國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)顯著上升趨勢(shì),在中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資中逐漸起到了領(lǐng)頭軍的作用。民營(yíng)企業(yè)自身的力量不斷增強(qiáng),積極主動(dòng)地探索各種有效方式參與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的合作與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,而實(shí)施對(duì)外直接投資成為民營(yíng)企業(yè)“走出去”的有效方式,將國(guó)內(nèi)與國(guó)際兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)有效結(jié)合起來(lái),逐漸成為中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的主力軍。對(duì)于民營(yíng)企業(yè)的投資更是引起了黨和國(guó)家的高度重視,黨的十八大更是提出要到2020年全面建成惠及十幾億人口的小康社會(huì),這期間著力深化改革開放,加快經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,并提出要鼓勵(lì)民營(yíng)企業(yè)積極拓展海外市場(chǎng),并針對(duì)民營(yíng)企業(yè)制定和實(shí)施了一系列鼓勵(lì)性政策,為民營(yíng)企業(yè)拓展海外市場(chǎng)實(shí)施對(duì)外直接投資提供了良好的政策支持。我國(guó)商務(wù)部提出了“備案為主、核準(zhǔn)為輔”的管理模式,簡(jiǎn)化了海外投資流程,縮短了辦事時(shí)間,提高了辦事效率,為民營(yíng)企業(yè)拓展海外市場(chǎng)開辟了一條綠色通道。據(jù)國(guó)家商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì),2015年中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資實(shí)現(xiàn)歷史性突破,流量首次位列全球第二位,并超過(guò)同期吸引外資水平,首次實(shí)現(xiàn)雙向直接投資項(xiàng)下的資本凈輸出,已然成為資本輸出國(guó),而此期間民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的增長(zhǎng)速度大大超過(guò)了同期國(guó)有企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的增長(zhǎng)速度。中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)正逐步向全球化的方向邁進(jìn),同時(shí)也表明我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展逐漸走向成熟。與國(guó)有企業(yè)比較,中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)在進(jìn)行對(duì)外直接投資中具有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì),如以市場(chǎng)化為導(dǎo)向使其投資更注重效率,同時(shí)也較為容易受到當(dāng)?shù)卣推髽I(yè)的支持,民營(yíng)企業(yè)一般規(guī)模小,能夠很快適應(yīng)東道國(guó)市場(chǎng)的需求。但隨著中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資總量的不斷攀升,在全球?qū)ν庵苯油顿Y占比的快速提升,面臨的對(duì)外投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概率同時(shí)也不斷提高。政府在“十二五”規(guī)劃中重點(diǎn)指出要提高我國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外投資收益,同樣表明了我國(guó)企業(yè)在對(duì)外直接投資過(guò)程中收益較低。中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)由于自身企業(yè)規(guī)模小、抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力弱、融資難、法律意識(shí)淡薄等,且在對(duì)外直接投資中存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理意識(shí)不強(qiáng)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承受能力較低、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理水平較低、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范手段落后等問(wèn)題,在對(duì)外直接投資的過(guò)程中,所面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更為突出。因此,本文關(guān)于民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文首先總結(jié)了發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)外直接投資的相關(guān)理論,搜集對(duì)外直接投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn),進(jìn)而了解國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究的廣度和深度;并從宏觀層面對(duì)我國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)進(jìn)行對(duì)外直接投資總體現(xiàn)狀以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀開展分析,從中總結(jié)出中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的特征和趨勢(shì)以及在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理中存在的問(wèn)題,為企業(yè)進(jìn)一步開展對(duì)外直接投資提供背景資料。其次,從東道國(guó)視角出發(fā)對(duì)中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)進(jìn)行對(duì)外投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行探討,以期對(duì)我國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資面臨的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及各類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的特殊性進(jìn)行匯總。并通過(guò)案例分析法對(duì)近幾年來(lái)我國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資中遭遇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的典型案例進(jìn)行分析和比較,統(tǒng)計(jì)各類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生的概率并采用與層次分析法相結(jié)合的方法建立起風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的指標(biāo)體系與評(píng)價(jià)模型,理論聯(lián)系實(shí)踐,通過(guò)具體的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)表現(xiàn),為我國(guó)其他民營(yíng)企業(yè)尤其中小型民營(yíng)企業(yè)“走出去”,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析提供理論依據(jù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。再者,通過(guò)分析大連萬(wàn)達(dá)公司在進(jìn)行對(duì)外投資的具體案例,為我國(guó)更多民營(yíng)企業(yè)“走出去”提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒。最后,針對(duì)我國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資中面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范體系實(shí)施存在的問(wèn)題,提出相應(yīng)的預(yù)防措施和對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, significant upward trend showing the quantity and quality of foreign direct investment of China's private enterprises, foreign direct investment in Chinese gradually played a leading role. Private enterprises own strength unceasingly strengthens, actively explore effective ways to participate in the world economic cooperation and competition, and foreign direct investment the implementation of an effective way of private enterprises to "go out", the two domestic and international market together, gradually become the main force of foreign direct investment. China for private enterprise investment has aroused the attention of the party and country party eighteen is proposed to be fully completed by 2020 will benefit more than one billion people during this period the well-off society, deepening reform and opening up, accelerate economic restructuring, and proposed to encourage private enterprises to actively expand the overseas market, and for the private enterprises to establish and implement A series of incentive policies, the policy provides a good support for the implementation of foreign direct investment to expand overseas market for private enterprises. The Ministry of Commerce of China put forward the record based, supplemented approved management model, simplifies the process of overseas investment, shorten the work time, improve work efficiency, open up a Easy Access expansion the overseas market for private enterprises. According to the national Ministry of Commerce statistics, 2015 Chinese foreign direct investment to achieve a historic breakthrough in traffic for the first time, ranked second in the world, and to attract foreign investment over the same period, for the first time to achieve two-way direct investment under the net capital output, has become a capital exporter, and the foreign direct investment in the period of private enterprises the growth rate much higher than foreign direct investment over the same period the growth rate of state-owned enterprises. Chinese private enterprise is gradually to the direction of globalization, but also indicates that China's The economic development has gradually mature. Compared with state-owned enterprises, private enterprises China has unique advantages in foreign direct investment, such as market-oriented investment which pays more attention to efficiency, but also more vulnerable to the support of the local government and enterprises, private enterprises are generally small scale, can quickly adapt to the host country market but with the demand. Chinese foreign direct investment continues to rise, accounting for rapid increase ratio in global foreign direct investment, foreign investment risk faced is also rising. The government points out to improve the foreign investment income of Chinese enterprises in the "12th Five-Year", also showed gains in foreign enterprises in China in the process of direct investment is relatively low. Chinese private enterprises due to its small scale, weak anti risk ability, financing, legal consciousness, and in foreign direct investment. In the risk management awareness is not strong, low risk tolerance, risk management level is low, the problem of risk prevention means backward, in the process of foreign direct investment, the risk is more prominent. Therefore, the risk of foreign direct investment in private enterprises has a certain practical significance. This paper summarizes the analysis the related theory of foreign direct investment in developing countries, the related literature at home and abroad to collect the risk of foreign direct investment, and to understand the breadth and depth of research on the investment risk of domestic and foreign scholars; and from the macro level to carry out the analysis of foreign direct investment of the overall situation and risk status of the private enterprises in our country, summarizes the characteristics and trend of foreign direct investment in private Chinese the enterprise and the problems existing in the risk management in providing background information for the further development of foreign direct investment enterprises. Secondly, from To explore the risk factors of the host country from the perspective of foreign investment to China private enterprises, with a view to China's private enterprises foreign direct investment, the main risks faced by the risk and all kinds of special summary. And through the case analysis on the typical cases in recent years, China's private enterprises encounter the risk of foreign direct investment in the the analysis and comparison of probability and statistics of risk and the established evaluation index system and risk evaluation model with AHP method of combining the theory with practice, through the risk of specific performance, for our other private enterprises especially small and medium-sized private enterprises to "go out", the risk analysis provides a theoretical basis and experience furthermore, through the analysis of Dalian Wanda company in the specific case of foreign investment, China's more private enterprises to "go out" to provide the experience for reference. Then, the corresponding preventive measures and countermeasures are put forward in view of the risks faced by private enterprises in our country and the existing problems in the risk prevention system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F279.26;F125

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