本文選題：全要素生產(chǎn)率　切入點(diǎn)：進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易　出處：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：提高全要素生產(chǎn)率的有效途徑是技術(shù)進(jìn)步，其來(lái)源一種觀點(diǎn)是通過(guò)引進(jìn)，，另一種觀點(diǎn)是通過(guò)自主創(chuàng)新。一些研究認(rèn)為，自主創(chuàng)新耗時(shí)又耗成本，且自行開(kāi)發(fā)尖端技術(shù)不僅投入大而且失敗率高，而購(gòu)買技術(shù)設(shè)備的成本則要低得多。因此，引進(jìn)技術(shù)成為省時(shí)且見(jiàn)效快的方法。我國(guó)引進(jìn)技術(shù)主要通過(guò)兩個(gè)途徑實(shí)現(xiàn)，一是進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易，二是通過(guò)吸引國(guó)際投資即FDI。進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易對(duì)TFP的影響主要通過(guò)進(jìn)口技術(shù)含量比較高的資本品或中間品促進(jìn)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和進(jìn)口的高技術(shù)資本品迫使國(guó)內(nèi)的創(chuàng)新者加快創(chuàng)新速度；或通過(guò)出口的方式與國(guó)際接觸，以獲得新的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)、新的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)等。FDI對(duì)全要素生產(chǎn)率的影響主要是通過(guò)技術(shù)水平和生產(chǎn)效率較高的外資企業(yè)本身帶來(lái)的直接的技術(shù)進(jìn)步效應(yīng)和FDI流入產(chǎn)生的所謂競(jìng)爭(zhēng)效應(yīng)和模仿效應(yīng)所帶來(lái)的間接技術(shù)進(jìn)步效應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。目前，對(duì)全要素生產(chǎn)率的影響的研究大都是從進(jìn)出口或FDI單一視角展開(kāi)的，根據(jù)空間經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論，空間地理位置相鄰近的地區(qū)，地區(qū)間的技術(shù)交流、生產(chǎn)要素流動(dòng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)合作便利且頻次高，因此，在研究我國(guó)各省市FDI、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易對(duì)TFP增長(zhǎng)的影響時(shí)，引入空間因素是非常有必要的。 本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和理論進(jìn)行梳理，并論述了本文理論邏輯。其次采用基于DEA的Malmquist指數(shù)法估算我國(guó)30省市的全要素生產(chǎn)率，并分析全要素生產(chǎn)率在2000-2012年間的變化情況和各地區(qū)全要素生產(chǎn)率、技術(shù)進(jìn)步和技術(shù)效率存在的差距；在利用Moran I值檢驗(yàn)全要素生產(chǎn)率存在空間相關(guān)性的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用較為前沿的空間計(jì)量方法對(duì)FDI和進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易影響全要素生產(chǎn)率進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。研究得出以下結(jié)論：1）我國(guó)各省市全要素生產(chǎn)率表現(xiàn)出明顯的空間集聚特征，絕大部分省市屬于高-高（H-H）型和低-低（L-L）型；（2）FDI和進(jìn)口貿(mào)易都顯著地促進(jìn)了全要素生產(chǎn)率的增長(zhǎng)，且兩者存在互補(bǔ)關(guān)系，而出口貿(mào)易對(duì)全要素生產(chǎn)率的增長(zhǎng)有影響但不顯著，F(xiàn)DI和出口貿(mào)易在促進(jìn)全要素生產(chǎn)率方面存在替代關(guān)系；（3）研發(fā)投入與全要素生產(chǎn)率呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān)。最后提出了若干促進(jìn)我國(guó)全要素生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)的政策建議，對(duì)于我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和各省域共同發(fā)展均具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The effective way to increase total factor productivity is technological progress, which comes from the point of view of introduction and the view of independent innovation. Some studies suggest that independent innovation is time-consuming and costly. Moreover, the self-developed cutting-edge technology not only has a large investment and a high failure rate, but also has a much lower cost of purchasing technical equipment. Therefore, the introduction of technology has become a time-saving and efficient method. First, import and export trade, Second, the influence of import and export trade on TFP by attracting international investment, mainly through importing capital goods or intermediates with high technology content to promote technological progress and import high-tech capital goods to force domestic innovators to speed up innovation. Or international contacts through export in order to acquire new production technologies, The influence of new product design on TFP is mainly through the direct technological progress effect brought by foreign-funded enterprises with high technological level and production efficiency and the so-called competitive effect and imitation effect caused by the inflow of FDI. The indirect technological progress effect that should be brought about. The research on the impact of total factor productivity is mostly carried out from a single perspective of import and export or FDI. According to the theory of spatial economics, the geographical location of the adjacent regions, regional technical exchanges, The flow of factors of production and economic cooperation are convenient and frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce spatial factors in the study of the influence of import and export trade on TFP growth in various provinces and cities of China. This paper firstly combs the relevant literatures and theories at home and abroad, and discusses the theoretical logic of this paper. Secondly, the Malmquist index method based on DEA is used to estimate the total factor productivity of 30 provinces and cities in China. The change of total factor productivity (TFP) from 2000 to 2012 and the gap between TFP, technological progress and technical efficiency in different regions are analyzed, and the spatial correlation between TFP and TFP is tested by using Moran I value. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the total factor productivity (TFP) of FDI and import and export trade by using the more advanced spatial measurement methods. The conclusion is as follows: (1) the TFP of provinces and cities in China shows obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics. The FDI and import trade of most provinces and cities belong to the high-high-high-high-H-H) type and the low-to-low L-L-) type have significantly promoted the growth of total factor productivity, and the two have complementary relationship. However, export trade has an impact on the growth of total factor productivity (TFP), but not significantly. There is a substitution relationship between FDI and export trade in promoting TFP. (3) R & D investment has a negative correlation with TFP. Finally, some suggestions are put forward that there is a negative correlation between R & D input and TFP. Policy recommendations for promoting Total Factor Productivity growth in China, It is of great significance for the sustainable economic growth and the common development of the provinces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F752.6;F124

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