本文選題：湖南省　切入點(diǎn)：耕地土壤　出處：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國家在《環(huán)境保護(hù)“十二五”規(guī)劃》當(dāng)中明確指出,土壤環(huán)境保護(hù)具有十分重要的意義,需盡快落實(shí)重點(diǎn)地區(qū)污染土壤的修復(fù)工作。湖南省素來被冠以“魚米之鄉(xiāng)”和“有色金屬之鄉(xiāng)”的美稱,然而由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,工業(yè)以及農(nóng)業(yè)的用地規(guī)模在逐漸擴(kuò)大,富含重金屬的各類物質(zhì)通過多種途徑滲入到土壤中,最終改變了土壤的原有物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),形成了重金屬污染。相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果顯示,湖南省內(nèi)所有遭受重金屬污染的土壤中湘江流域農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)地近8萬平方千米,重度污染的面積約占總污染面積的16%；中度污染的約2.6萬平方千米,占33%；輕度污染的超過4萬平方千米,占50%。由此可見,重金屬污染的防治迫在眉睫。本文就是基于這樣的背景下以湖南省為研究對(duì)象對(duì)耕地重金屬污染治理進(jìn)行研究。本文首先介紹了與該課題有關(guān)的概念,而后研究了湖南省耕地土壤重金屬污染現(xiàn)狀和主要污染原因,通過兩個(gè)實(shí)地調(diào)查的例子,即洞庭湖區(qū)和湖南省長沙縣,對(duì)我省耕地重金屬污染特征進(jìn)行了分析。通過借鑒國際上先進(jìn)國家在土壤環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)有土壤環(huán)境保護(hù)政策,最終提出了湖南省耕地土壤重金屬污染防治的各項(xiàng)政策建議,主要包括兩個(gè)方面：建立健全耕地土壤污染預(yù)防制度和強(qiáng)化耕地土壤污染治理與管理。本文共分為六個(gè)部分。首先簡要的分析了論文的研究背景與意義,然后介紹了相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的國內(nèi)外研究等。第二部分介紹了湖南省耕地重金屬污染的現(xiàn)狀及特征,以點(diǎn)帶面分析了本省重金屬污染的各方面成因。第三部分介紹了我國現(xiàn)有的土地保護(hù)政策。第五部分是基于前四個(gè)部分得出的結(jié)論,深入分析了湖南省耕地重金屬污染治理的有關(guān)對(duì)策,并指出對(duì)今后的重金屬污染治理的一些啟示。最后一部分為總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:In the 12th Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection, the state clearly pointed out that soil environmental protection is of great significance. It is necessary to carry out the remediation of contaminated soil in key areas as soon as possible. Hunan Province has long been known as the "land of fish and rice" and "the hometown of non-ferrous metals". However, due to the rapid economic development, the scale of land use for industry and agriculture is gradually expanding. Various kinds of substances rich in heavy metals infiltrate into the soil through many ways, which eventually change the original material structure of the soil and form heavy metal pollution. In all the soils polluted by heavy metals in Hunan Province, the agricultural production area of the Xiangjiang River basin is nearly 80,000 square kilometers, with heavy pollution accounting for about 16 square kilometers of the total polluted area, and about 26,000 square kilometers of moderate pollution. The mildly polluted area is over 40,000 square kilometers, accounting for 50 square kilometers. Thus, it can be seen, The prevention and control of heavy metal pollution is imminent. This paper is based on this background to study the heavy metal pollution control of cultivated land in Hunan Province. Firstly, this paper introduces the concepts related to this subject. Then, the present situation and main pollution reasons of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land soil in Hunan Province were studied. Through two field investigation examples, namely Dongting Lake District and Changsha County of Hunan Province, The characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in our province are analyzed. Based on the experience of advanced countries in the field of soil environmental protection and the existing soil environmental protection policies in China, this paper analyzes the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in our province. Finally, some policy suggestions on the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in Hunan Province are put forward. This paper is divided into six parts. Firstly, the research background and significance of this paper are briefly analyzed. The second part introduces the status quo and characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in Hunan Province. The causes of heavy metal pollution in this province are analyzed from point to point. The third part introduces the existing land conservation policies in China. Part 5th is based on the conclusions of the first four parts. In this paper, the countermeasures of heavy metal pollution control in cultivated land in Hunan Province are deeply analyzed, and some enlightenments for heavy metal pollution control in the future are pointed out. The last part is a summary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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本文編號(hào)：1640876