本文選題：綠色建筑技術(shù)　切入點：成本—效益分析　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)代社會經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展,能源消耗所帶來的資源短缺危機和環(huán)境污染問題日益凸現(xiàn),并嚴重影響人類的生存與發(fā)展。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,全球建筑行業(yè)的能源消耗大約占全球能源總消耗的30-40%,是全球能源消耗和溫室氣體排放領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分。在我國人均資源短缺的背景下,在不斷推進的城鎮(zhèn)化進程中,建筑業(yè)迎來大發(fā)展的同時,建筑能耗和碳排放量還將會持續(xù)大幅度增長,建筑業(yè)走一條節(jié)能環(huán)保的可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路迫在眉睫。近十年來,綠色建筑帶著低消耗、低污染的“環(huán)保標(biāo)簽”走進人們的視野,建筑業(yè)作為能源消耗的“巨頭”行業(yè)應(yīng)積極響應(yīng)我國的可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略——發(fā)展綠色建筑。雖然在政府的積極倡導(dǎo)下,綠色建筑迎來了良好的發(fā)展前景,但是,綠色建筑較傳統(tǒng)建筑而言初始投資更多,綠色建筑帶來的效益在短期內(nèi)也無法顯現(xiàn),投資者只看到眼前投資成本增加,而無法看到未來綠色建筑帶來的收益,推進綠色建筑的進程被嚴重影響,阻礙了綠色建筑在我國的快速發(fā)展。究其原因主要是由于我國綠色建筑發(fā)展起步較晚,現(xiàn)階段許多綠色建筑技術(shù)還不夠成熟,普及度不高,選擇綠色建筑技術(shù)產(chǎn)生增量成本再所難免,因此,需要研究出一套能夠在多種綠色技術(shù)組合方案中選擇出一個經(jīng)濟性較高的綠色技術(shù)方案的評價方法。本文針對我國現(xiàn)階段綠色建筑發(fā)展水平,結(jié)合相關(guān)資料,歸納出綠色技術(shù)的分類,并通過搜集全國18個已獲得綠色星級標(biāo)識建筑的相關(guān)資料,詳細分析建設(shè)方對各項綠色建筑技術(shù)的選擇傾向以及綠色技術(shù)應(yīng)用情況,以此了解我國現(xiàn)階段各項綠色技術(shù)的成熟度和普及情況。而后從全生命周期的角度,分析采用綠色建筑技術(shù)產(chǎn)生的增量成本與效益,給出各項綠色技術(shù)的增量成本和增量效益計算公式,并結(jié)合相關(guān)資料對各星級綠色建筑項目增量成本構(gòu)成作了簡單數(shù)據(jù)分析。在前文基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建評價體系,結(jié)合AHP-熵權(quán)法確定組合權(quán)重,建立綠色建筑技術(shù)經(jīng)濟性評價模型。最后以江西省南昌市某一星綠色建筑項目為例,分析該項目采用的關(guān)鍵綠色建筑技術(shù),計算出關(guān)鍵綠色技術(shù)的增量成本和增量經(jīng)濟效益,運用已建立的評價模型給出評價分值得出最后評價結(jié)果,證明該評價方法切實可行。本文為綠色建筑技術(shù)的經(jīng)濟性評價提供了科學(xué)合理的參考依據(jù),為政府進一步完善綠色建筑星級評價標(biāo)準提供了一定的理論價值,為協(xié)助市場和決策者合理地綜合選擇綠色建筑技術(shù)提供了理論依據(jù),對消除我國綠色建筑制約,激發(fā)各參與方對綠色建筑的熱情,促進我國綠色建筑快速發(fā)展有重要的實踐意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern society and economy, the problems of resource shortage and environmental pollution brought by energy consumption are becoming more and more prominent, and seriously affect the survival and development of human beings. According to statistics, The energy consumption of the global construction industry accounts for about 30-40 percent of the total global energy consumption, and it is an important part of the global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In the context of the shortage of per capita resources in our country, in the continuous process of urbanization, With the development of the construction industry, building energy consumption and carbon emissions will continue to increase by a large margin. It is urgent for the construction industry to take a sustainable development road of energy conservation and environmental protection. In the past decade, green buildings have brought low consumption. The low pollution "environmental protection label" has come into people's view, and the construction industry, as a "giant" of energy consumption, should respond positively to the sustainable development strategy of our country-the development of green buildings, although under the active advocacy of the government, the construction industry should actively respond to the sustainable development strategy of our country. Green buildings have a good development prospect, but green buildings have more initial investment than traditional buildings, and the benefits brought by green buildings cannot be shown in the short term. Investors only see an increase in the cost of investment in the immediate future. However, it is impossible to see the benefits brought by green buildings in the future, and the process of promoting green buildings is seriously affected, which hinders the rapid development of green buildings in China. The main reason is that the development of green buildings in our country started relatively late. At this stage, many green building technologies are not mature enough and their popularity is not high, so it is inevitable to choose green building technology to produce incremental cost again. It is necessary to study a set of evaluation methods that can select a green technology scheme with high economy in a variety of green technology combination schemes. This paper aims at the development level of green building in China at present, and combines relevant data. This paper summarizes the classification of green technology, and through collecting the relevant information of 18 green star marked buildings in China, analyzes in detail the selection tendency and application of green building technology by the constructors. From the perspective of the whole life cycle, the incremental cost and benefit of adopting green building technology are analyzed. The calculation formulas of incremental cost and incremental benefit of each green technology are given, and the composition of incremental cost of each star green building project is analyzed in combination with relevant data. On the basis of the above, the evaluation system is constructed. Combined with the AHP- entropy method to determine the combined weight, the economic evaluation model of green building technology is established. Finally, taking a satellite green building project in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province as an example, the key green building technology used in the project is analyzed. The incremental cost and incremental economic benefit of the key green technology are calculated, and the final evaluation results are obtained by using the established evaluation model. This paper provides a scientific and reasonable reference for the economic evaluation of green building technology, and provides a certain theoretical value for the government to further improve the evaluation standard of green building star. It provides a theoretical basis for the market and decision makers to choose green building technology in a reasonable and comprehensive way, which can eliminate the restriction of green building in our country and stimulate the enthusiasm of the participants to green building. It is of great practical significance to promote the rapid development of green buildings in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU201.5

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