發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-28 17:42

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 蘇炳添 短跑 百米技術(shù) 步長 步頻　出處：《哈爾濱體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自我國改革開放以來,我國各項(xiàng)綜合國力不斷增強(qiáng),經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,人民物質(zhì)生活水平不斷提高,伴隨著這些,人們也有了更多的時(shí)間去關(guān)注自己的身體健康,隨之而來,人們對(duì)體育的關(guān)注也就越來越多,在各項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中,田徑有著“運(yùn)動(dòng)之母”之稱,田徑是體育各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的基礎(chǔ),我國目前正從“體育大國”轉(zhuǎn)向“體育強(qiáng)國”,而我國在田徑項(xiàng)目上相對(duì)于歐美,牙買加等國家而言相對(duì)比較薄弱,田徑項(xiàng)目也是我國體育項(xiàng)目中相對(duì)比較薄弱的環(huán)節(jié),然而在眾多的田徑體育項(xiàng)目中,百米競爭最為激烈,往往百分之一秒的成績就可能決定運(yùn)動(dòng)員的最終成績。短跑在田徑體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目中也是最具有觀賞性的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,百米項(xiàng)目的成績記錄不斷被打破,不斷被改寫。然而這么競爭激烈的項(xiàng)目,亞洲短跑選手鮮有能夠打破10S大關(guān)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。蘇炳添中國短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)第一人,在2015年尤金站鉆石聯(lián)賽上以9.99S的成績打破了黃種人10s的魔咒,雖然只有0.01s的突破,但這也是歷史性的0.01s,是在亞洲田徑歷史上可以畫上一筆的突破,作為第一個(gè)打破10s大關(guān)的亞洲籍運(yùn)動(dòng)員,蘇炳添的成績并非是一次比賽的超常發(fā)揮得之而來,在2015年北京田徑世錦賽上,蘇炳添再次以9.99s的成績平了上次的記錄,所以我們有必要對(duì)該運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行相關(guān)的研究與分析,本文主要以蘇炳添在北京田徑世界錦標(biāo)賽中預(yù)賽、半決賽和決賽三次比賽中蘇炳添的各項(xiàng)百米技術(shù)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行逐一了解以及更加深入的分析,從而了解蘇炳添的運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)特征,以及值得我們借鑒的地方。該文主要運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法,圖像解析法,分析比較法,以及利用SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,并試圖找出蘇炳添百米項(xiàng)目的自身特點(diǎn),以及可否有改進(jìn)之處。本研究主要得出的結(jié)論有以下幾點(diǎn):第一以起跑技術(shù)而言,起跑技術(shù)對(duì)于蘇炳添而言是自己的優(yōu)勢點(diǎn),在其各項(xiàng)比賽中發(fā)揮相對(duì)比較穩(wěn)定,從其“右腳換左腳”起跑之后,蘇炳添的運(yùn)動(dòng)成績有了進(jìn)一步的提升,對(duì)于廣大教練員和體育研究學(xué)者而言,可以在教學(xué)或者訓(xùn)練中是否對(duì)于自己的運(yùn)動(dòng)員運(yùn)用此技術(shù)作為參考。第二從起跑后加速跑技術(shù)中分析,蘇炳添并無過于明顯突出的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢,因此對(duì)于其教練員而言,筆者認(rèn)為在蘇炳添訓(xùn)練時(shí)應(yīng)給予重視,在比賽時(shí),雖然蘇炳添在起跑后加速跑中一般都會(huì)領(lǐng)先于其它選手,但這也主要由于他在起跑時(shí)所取得的優(yōu)勢造成的,另外,本文研究中還發(fā)現(xiàn),蘇炳添在加速跑過程中對(duì)速度的控制能力還不夠強(qiáng),這一點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在他在加速過程中達(dá)到的最大速度不夠穩(wěn)定。第三在蘇炳添途中跑過程中,本文從各種角度進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,在分析對(duì)比中發(fā)現(xiàn)蘇炳添在步頻能力上相對(duì)較強(qiáng),然而相對(duì)于其他國外優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員而言,蘇炳添的步長能力相對(duì)不足,這主要也可能是由于其自身形態(tài)所決定的,相比于國外的優(yōu)秀田徑短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員來說,蘇炳添的身高都要比他們矮很多,從該文中蘇炳添在三次比賽中步頻能力的發(fā)揮而言,蘇炳添在百米跑的整個(gè)過程中,蘇炳添的步頻并不是很穩(wěn)定,在其比賽中,對(duì)于步頻的分布相對(duì)還有瑕疵的部分,所以該文筆者建議其科研團(tuán)隊(duì)能夠找出蘇炳添更加適合的步長與步頻的搭配組合。第四在途中跑過程中,本文作者也從生物力學(xué)角度對(duì)蘇炳添的技術(shù)動(dòng)作的合理性進(jìn)行了比較,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蘇炳添在途中跑過程中,他的膝關(guān)節(jié)變化相對(duì)角度較小,并且支撐腿的力量明顯不足,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致蘇炳添在途中跑過程中后蹬力量不夠。并且在著地的一瞬間,蘇炳添的折疊腿折疊相對(duì)不夠充分,由此原因也引起了蘇炳添在途中跑過程中前擺速度相對(duì)而言比較緩慢。因此,作者建議在蘇炳添進(jìn)行技術(shù)動(dòng)作訓(xùn)練時(shí),應(yīng)該適當(dāng)加大其支撐腿緩沖力,加大折疊腿的折疊角度,提高蘇炳添在途中跑過程中的擺腿速度。第五在途中跑過程中,蘇炳添放松跑能力相對(duì)不足,身體在行進(jìn)過程中僵硬,其在今后訓(xùn)練中筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該相對(duì)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,爭取提高其在途中跑過程中比較薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)。
[Abstract]:Since China's reform and opening up, China's comprehensive national strength growing, rapid economic development, people's living standards continue to improve, with these people, but also have more time to pay attention to their own health, followed, people pay more attention to sports also more and more, in all sports, track and field is "mother of sports", is the foundation of all sports track and field sports, China is from the "sports power" to "sports power", while in China relative to the United States and Europe in track and field, Jamaica and other countries is relatively weak, relatively weak point is China's athletics sports however, in many of the track and field sports, 100 meters, the most intense competition, the final result is one percent seconds. Players may decide to dash in track and field sports also The project has an ornamental, 100 meters project records being broken, constantly being rewritten. However such a competitive project, Asian sprinter rarely able to break the 10S mark for the athletes. The first Chinese Subing add sprint in 2015, Eugene Diamond League with a 9.99S record breaking the Yellow 10s spell, although only 0.01s breakthrough, but it is also a historic 0.01s, can draw on a breakthrough in the Asian Track and field history, as the first to break the 10s mark for the Asian athletes, Subing add grades and non is extraordinary a game played by in 2015, Beijing World Championships, Su Bingtian again with a score of 9.99s flat the last record, so it is necessary for us to carry out research and analysis related to the athletes, this paper takes Su Bingtian in the World Athletics Championships in Beijing In the preliminaries, the 100 meter technical movement Su Bingtian semi finals and finals three games to one by one to understand and more in-depth analysis, to understand the characteristics of sports technique in Su Bingtian, and where we can learn from. This paper mainly uses the literature method, image analysis method, comparative analysis method, and the use of SPSS statistical software the results of the comparative analysis, and tries to find out the Subing add 100 meters project characteristics, and whether there is improvement. In this study, the main conclusions are as follows: first to start, the starting technique is for Subing add their own advantages, play a relatively stable in the game from the "right for the left foot," after starting, sports achievement Subing add a further improvement, for the majority of coaches and sports researchers, in teaching or training Whether in practice as a reference to use this technology for their own athletes. Second from the starting acceleration after technical analysis, Su Bingtian is not too obvious advantage prominent, so for the coaches, the author thinks that we should pay more attention to training in Su Bingtian, in the game, although Su Bingtian in the starting acceleration after always leading in other players, but this is mainly because he made at the time of starting the resulting advantages, in addition, this study also found that, in the process of Su Bingtian speed control ability of speed is not strong enough, this is mainly reflected in the maximum velocity is not stable enough to him during the acceleration process. In third Su Bingtian on the way to run the process, this paper carried out a detailed analysis from various angles, Su Bingtian found in relatively strong frequency ability in the comparative analysis, however, compared with foreign excellent transport other The mobilization, the relative lack of Su Bingtian's ability to step, which may also be determined by its own shape, compared to the foreign elite sprinters, the height of Subing add are much shorter than they, from the play pace ability of Su Bingtian in the three game of Su Bingtian, in the whole process one hundred meters run, Su Bingtian frequency is not very stable, in the game, the frequency distribution and relative defects, so this paper proposed combination collocation of the team to find Su Bingtian more suitable length and stride frequency. Fourth in the running process, the author from the angle of biomechanics Su Bingtian's action is reasonable compared to study found Su Bingtian in the running process, his knee changes relatively small angle, and the supporting leg strength obviously Insufficient, and leads to Su Bingtian on the way to run the process driving strength is not enough. And in a flash, folding legs Su Bingtian folded relatively inadequate, which also caused Su Bingtian on the way to run the process before the swing speed is relatively slow. Therefore, the authors recommend skill training in Su Bingtian, should appropriate to increase its support leg buffering, increase the folding angle folding legs, improve the speed of swing leg Su Bingtian in the running process. Fifth in the running process, Su Bingtian relaxed relative lack of running ability, in the process of moving the body stiff, the author thinks that in the training in the future should be relatively weak for training. Link to the improvement of the running in process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G822.1

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