本文關(guān)鍵詞： 碳排放 清單框架 計量方法 配筋砌塊砌體 評價指標 影響因素　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著人類活動對化石能源的不斷消耗以及對自然環(huán)境的破壞，近年來CO2等溫室氣體的排放量顯著增加，由此引起的溫室效應已然對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的影響。隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，建筑行業(yè)的碳排放問題逐漸受到重視，而相關(guān)的建筑碳排放計量與評估方法仍不完善，故構(gòu)建完整的建筑碳排放量化評價體系與控制指標，對我國建筑行業(yè)碳排放評估與低碳發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。 本文以建筑碳排放計量與評估和建筑低碳發(fā)展為研究重點，對以下內(nèi)容進行了分析與探究： （1）為了完善建筑全生命周期碳排放研究框架與計算理論，本文在國內(nèi)外研究成果的基礎上，形成了按物化階段、運營階段、處置階段對生命周期進行劃分的建筑碳排放清單框架體系，對常用能源與材料的碳排放因子取值進行了總結(jié)與探究；并在此基礎上，形成了基于排放系數(shù)和實測數(shù)據(jù)的碳排放定量計算方法，，與基于統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)和回歸公式的建筑碳排放估算方法； （2）為研究配筋砌塊砌體結(jié)構(gòu)與傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)相比的碳排放性能，采用本文提出的清單框架與分析方法，對哈爾濱市6層住宅、16層住宅、28層辦公樓三個建筑案例進行了碳排放對比分析與研究，其結(jié)果表明配筋砌塊砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在物化階段具有明顯的低碳優(yōu)勢，是“資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型”的綠色建筑結(jié)構(gòu)形式； （3）以定性分析和定量評估相結(jié)合的方式，對建筑功能、使用年限、自然條件、室溫要求、保溫節(jié)能措施和材料回收利用率等建筑全生命周期碳排放的影響因素進行了分析，為低碳建筑的發(fā)展提供切入點與研究思路； （4）為對建筑碳排放進行評估與分析，本文針對單體建筑與建筑集群分別提出了控制指標；并以28層辦公樓為例，指出了以碳排放量為基準的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)方案優(yōu)化方法的主要過程。
[Abstract]:With the continuous consumption of fossil energy and the destruction of natural environment by human activities, greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2 have increased significantly in recent years. The resulting Greenhouse Effect has caused an irreversible impact on the ecological environment. With the rapid development of China's economy, carbon emissions from the construction industry have gradually been taken seriously. However, the related methods of carbon emission measurement and assessment are still not perfect, so it is very important to construct a complete evaluation system and control index for the carbon emission assessment and low carbon development of the construction industry in China. This paper focuses on the measurement and assessment of carbon emissions from buildings and the development of low carbon in buildings. The following contents are analyzed and explored: In order to perfect the research framework and calculation theory of carbon emission in the whole life cycle of buildings, this paper forms the physical and chemical stage and the operation stage on the basis of the domestic and foreign research results. In the disposal stage, the framework system of building carbon emission inventory is divided into the life cycle, and the carbon emission factors of common energy and materials are summarized and explored. On this basis, a quantitative calculation method of carbon emissions based on emission coefficient and measured data, and a method for estimating carbon emissions of buildings based on statistical data and regression formula are developed. In order to study the carbon emission performance of reinforced block masonry structure compared with the traditional structure, using the inventory framework and analysis method proposed in this paper, the 6-story residential building in Harbin is compared with 16-story residential building. The comparative analysis and study of carbon emission in three building cases of 28 story office building show that the reinforced block masonry structure has obvious low carbon advantage in physical and chemical stage, which is "resource saving type". Environmental friendly "green building structure form;" In the way of qualitative analysis and quantitative evaluation, the requirements of building function, service life, natural conditions and room temperature are required. The influencing factors of carbon emission in the whole life cycle of buildings, such as heat preservation and energy saving measures and material recovery efficiency, are analyzed, which provides a starting point and research ideas for the development of low-carbon buildings. 4) in order to evaluate and analyze the carbon emission of buildings, this paper puts forward the control index for single building and building cluster respectively. Taking 28-story office building as an example, the paper points out the main process of optimization method of building structure scheme based on carbon emission.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU201.5;TU111.195

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