本文關(guān)鍵詞： 政府 高等教育 人力資本投資 效率評價(jià) DEA　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國實(shí)施改革開放三十多年,物質(zhì)資本的大量投入對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)較為突出,但是,隨著物質(zhì)資源的大量消耗,帶來了自然資源的逐漸枯竭和用工成本的迅速上升,伴隨而來的是人口增長率的下降、人口老齡化的加劇以及依靠投資增加經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的發(fā)展方式越來越不符合我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。我國由粗放式增長方式轉(zhuǎn)向內(nèi)涵式增長方式的關(guān)鍵在于提升資源的產(chǎn)出效率,因此,提升高等教育人力資本投資的效率,提高勞動者素質(zhì)、改善技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新是實(shí)現(xiàn)集約式增長方式的重要基礎(chǔ)。本文立足于政府高等教育人力資本投資的實(shí)際,首先,以高等教育投資效率的提升為目標(biāo),結(jié)合人力資本理論和投資效率理論為基礎(chǔ),分析高等教育發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和一般規(guī)律,對比效率評價(jià)研究方法,選擇靜態(tài)效率和動態(tài)指數(shù)方法相結(jié)合的思路構(gòu)建了高等教育投資效率評價(jià)體系；其次,運(yùn)用DEA指數(shù)分析我國不同地區(qū)高等教育的綜合效率、純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率,并以此為基礎(chǔ),分析了地區(qū)間投資效率差異的深層次原因；最后,依據(jù)高等教育人力資本投資對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的作用,檢驗(yàn)高等教育人力資本投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會效應(yīng)。據(jù)此,本文深入研究高等教育人力資本投資效率問題,其主要內(nèi)容為：一是緒論。本章主要闡述了本文的研究背景,并在回顧相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上提出了本文要研究的問題。同時(shí)在該問題的指引下,理清了本文的研究思路,構(gòu)建了邏輯框架,并進(jìn)一步闡述了本文的研究內(nèi)容、研究意義、與研究方法及創(chuàng)新之處。二是相關(guān)概念與理論闡述。本章科學(xué)界定了本文涉及的人力資本概念和特征、人力資本投資的概念及人力資本投資效率的內(nèi)涵等相關(guān)概念,回顧了公共財(cái)政理論、人力資本投資理論、人力資本投資效率理論,梳理高等教育人力資本投資相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn),并闡述政府人力資本投資的必要性,為本文后續(xù)的研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。三是中國政府高等教育人力資本投資的現(xiàn)狀分析。本章首先闡述了我國高等教育發(fā)展的歷程；其次,分析我國高等教育人力資本投資的規(guī)模、比例、變化趨勢及特征；最后,比較分析我國各地區(qū)高等教育人力資本投資的地區(qū)差距。四是中國政府高等教育人力資本投資效率的DEA分析。本章首先,明確了投入產(chǎn)出指標(biāo)體系的構(gòu)建基本思路和基本原則,進(jìn)而從人力資本投資的投入與產(chǎn)出兩個(gè)方面,分別篩選指標(biāo),構(gòu)建效率評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系；其次,構(gòu)建本文所需的評價(jià)高等教育人力資本投資效率模型；最后,從整體分布特征和逐年變化趨勢兩方面全面描述高等教育人力資本投資的靜態(tài)效率和動態(tài)效率,深入探討高等教育人力資本投資效率的省際差異及變化趨勢。五是中國高等教育人力資本投資的低效率原因分析。本章主要借助DEA投影分析技術(shù),使用產(chǎn)出導(dǎo)向的DEA模型對省級區(qū)域?qū)嶋H投入產(chǎn)出水平與生產(chǎn)前沿面的最優(yōu)值進(jìn)行比對,從而測算出投資過量和產(chǎn)出不足的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。以此為基礎(chǔ),從經(jīng)濟(jì)方面和制度設(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)角度,分析出非DEA有效地區(qū)投資管理過程中的投資效率低下的原因,以便獲得更具針對性的政策建議。六是中國高等教育人力資本投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會效應(yīng)。本章主要依據(jù)高等教育人力資本投資對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的作用,探討高等教育人力資本投資對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的作用路徑。以宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),借助VAR協(xié)整分析方法和面板回歸模型驗(yàn)證高等教育人力資本投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會效應(yīng),檢驗(yàn)全國、區(qū)域、各省高等教育人力資本投資對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的貢獻(xiàn)度。最后,在理論分析和定量分析的基礎(chǔ)上,探討提高我國高等教育人力資本投資效率的相關(guān)政策,為優(yōu)化高等教育資源配置提供決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The implementation of the reform and opening up in China for over thirty years, a large number of physical capital investment contribution to economic growth is more prominent, but with large consumption of material resources, the rapid rising of natural resource depletion and labor costs, which is associated with a decline in the rate of population growth, the aging of population and increasing development mode relying on increased investment in economic growth is more consistent with the development of our socialist market economy. China's growth mode from extensive to intensive growth mode is the key to enhance the efficiency of resources, therefore, improve the efficiency of human capital investment in higher education, improve the quality of workers, improve the technical structure, promote scientific and technological innovation is an important foundation to realize the intensive growth mode. Based on the actual, the government investment in higher education human capital first, with higher education investment efficiency improvement As the goal, combined with the theory of human capital and investment efficiency theory, analysis of the current situation of the development of higher education and the general law, comparative research on the efficiency evaluation method, static efficiency and dynamic index selection method combining the idea to build the evaluation system of the efficiency of investment in higher education; secondly, a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of higher education in different regions of China by DEA index, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and on this basis, analyzes the deep-seated reasons of the difference between the efficiency of investment area; finally, based on the role of human capital investment in higher education on the economic and social, economic and social effect of human capital investment in higher education. Therefore, this paper studies the efficiency problem of human capital investment in higher education and the main content is: the first part is introduction. This chapter mainly elaborates the research background of this paper, and put forward based on the review of the literature The problem to be studied in this paper. At the same time on the issue under the guidance of clarifying the research ideas, build the logical framework, and further elaborated the research content, the research significance, and research methods and innovations. The two is to explain the related concepts and theoretical science. This chapter defines the concept and characteristics of human capital this paper relates to the human capital investment efficiency concept and the meaning of human capital and other related concepts, reviews the theory of public finance, the theory of human capital investment, human capital investment efficiency theory, combing the human capital investment in higher education related literature at home and abroad, and expounds the necessity of government investment in human capital, which lays the foundation for the research the follow-up. The three is the analysis of the present situation of human capital investment in higher education Chinese government. This chapter first describes the history of the development of higher education in China; secondly, I analysis Higher education human capital investment scale, proportion, trends and characteristics; finally, a comparative analysis of the regional disparity of human capital investment in Higher Education in all regions of China. The four is the analysis of Chinese government higher education human capital investment efficiency of DEA. Firstly, clear the investment in construction of the basic ideas and basic principles of output index system then, from the two aspects of input and output of human capital investment, respectively. The screening index, the efficiency of constructing evaluation index system; secondly, this paper constructs the evaluation for the efficiency of human capital investment in higher education model; finally, from the static overall efficiency of distribution and yearly changes in two aspects of a comprehensive description of the trend of higher education and human capital investment dynamic efficiency, in-depth study of inter provincial differences of the efficiency of manpower capital investment of higher education and the trend of change of human capital is five. Chinese higher education investment Analysis of low efficiency reasons. This chapter mainly through the DEA projection analysis technology, DEA model of output oriented provincial actual input-output level and productionfrontier optimal value for comparison, so as to calculate the investment of excess and insufficient output data. On this basis, from two aspects of economic analysis and system design. Due to low investment efficiency of investment management in the process of non DEA effective area, in order to obtain more targeted policy recommendations. The six is the economic and social effect of human capital investment in higher education Chinese. Effect of this chapter is mainly based on higher education human capital investment to economic society, explore the path of higher education human capital investment on the economy and society. From the macro statistical data as a basis for verification of higher education human capital investment by means of economic and social VAR cointegration analysis and panel regression model Effect, test area, country, the contribution of human capital investment in Higher Education in all provinces of the economy and society. Finally, based on theoretical analysis and quantitative analysis, to explore the related policy to improve China's higher education human capital investment efficiency, provide the basis to optimize the allocation of resources for higher education.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.2
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本文編號：1465587