本文關(guān)鍵詞： 政府主導(dǎo) 造血式 流域生態(tài) 補償模式 政策 汾河　出處：《山西師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：粗放式的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式在為我國帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的同時也帶來了嚴(yán)重的水體污染,流域上下游間的矛盾日趨尖銳,全國范圍內(nèi)流域環(huán)境的惡化凸顯出流域生態(tài)補償?shù)闹匾�。流域生態(tài)補償對于消除負(fù)外部性、實現(xiàn)流域上下游公平及構(gòu)建和諧社會意義重大,是協(xié)調(diào)流域上下游間利益沖突的關(guān)鍵,近年來成為國內(nèi)外研究的熱點問題,取得了一些研究成果,但是,我國對作為流域生態(tài)補償機(jī)制重要組成部分的補償模式的相關(guān)研究較少,我國流域生態(tài)補償尚處于低水平的“輸血式”補償模式,對政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償模式的研究幾乎是空白,而政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償才能實現(xiàn)補償、發(fā)展的雙贏和流域生態(tài)補償效果的長效性�；趪鴥�(nèi)外對流域生態(tài)補償?shù)囊延醒芯亢臀覈h(huán)境現(xiàn)狀,本文對政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,提出政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償是適合我國現(xiàn)狀且能實現(xiàn)長效補償?shù)哪Ｊ?將政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償分為BOT模式、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式、補償貿(mào)易模式、租賃模式和特許經(jīng)營模式五種模式,選取上游法律機(jī)制完善程度、政策支持強(qiáng)度、上游配套條件、下游補償者資金條件、投資利潤的回收程度、上游勞動力水平、產(chǎn)品銷售條件、上游氣候資源等自然稟賦條件及環(huán)保要求程度九大因素作為影響模式選擇的變量,采用問卷調(diào)查、訪談及Logistic回歸等研究方法確定了各模式的影響因素及具體適用條件,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償?shù)恼呓ㄗh。最后,以汾河流域為實施對象,分析了汾河流域生態(tài)補償模式現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,探討了政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償模式在汾河流域不同地區(qū)的具體選擇。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于:本文選取了流域生態(tài)補償機(jī)制中的重要一環(huán)----補償模式對其進(jìn)行專門研究,將政府主導(dǎo)補償模式和造血式補償模式進(jìn)行有機(jī)結(jié)合提出政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償模式的概念,并利用SPSS21.0統(tǒng)計軟件對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行Logistic回歸分析,分別得出政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償各模式選擇的影響因素和具體適用條件,從而為政府主導(dǎo)型“造血式”流域生態(tài)補償?shù)睦碚摌?gòu)建及實踐提供幫助。
[Abstract]:Extensive economic development has brought economic benefits to our country, but also brought serious water pollution, the contradiction between the upper and lower reaches of the river basin is becoming more and more acute. The deterioration of watershed environment in the whole country highlights the importance of watershed ecological compensation. Watershed ecological compensation is of great significance for eliminating negative externalities, realizing upstream and downstream equity and building a harmonious society. It is the key to coordinate the conflicts of interest between upstream and downstream of river basins. In recent years, it has become a hot issue at home and abroad, and some research results have been obtained, however. As an important part of the watershed ecological compensation mechanism, there is little research on the compensation model in China, and the "transfusion" compensation model is still in a low level in China. The study on the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model is almost blank, while the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation can be realized. Win-win development and long-term effect of watershed ecological compensation. Based on the existing research on watershed ecological compensation at home and abroad and the current situation of water environment in China. This paper has carried on the correlation research to the government-led "hematopoietic type" watershed ecological compensation, proposed that the government-led "hematopoietic type" watershed ecological compensation is suitable for our country present situation and can realize the long-term effect compensation model. The government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation can be divided into five models: BOT model, ecological economy model, compensation trade model, lease mode and franchise mode, and the degree of perfection of upstream legal mechanism is selected. Policy support intensity, upstream supporting conditions, downstream compensator funds, investment profit recovery, upstream labor level, product sales conditions. Nine factors, such as natural endowment conditions such as upstream climate resources and environmental protection requirements, were used as variables to influence the choice of models. The research methods such as interview and Logistic regression determine the influencing factors and specific applicable conditions of each model, and then put forward the policy recommendations of government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation. Taking the Fenhe River Basin as the implementing object, the present situation and existing problems of the ecological compensation model in the Fenhe River Basin are analyzed. This paper discusses the specific selection of government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model in different areas of Fenhe River Basin. The innovation of this paper lies in:. In this paper, an important link in the watershed ecological compensation mechanism, the compensation model, is specially studied. The concept of government-oriented "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation model is put forward by combining the government-led compensation model with the hematopoietic compensation model. The Logistic regression analysis of the survey data was carried out by using the SPSS21.0 statistical software. The influencing factors and specific applicable conditions of the selection of each model of the government-led "hematopoietic" watershed ecological compensation are obtained respectively, thus providing help for the theoretical construction and practice of the government-led "hematopoietic" basin ecological compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X321;X52

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