本文關鍵詞： 土地規(guī)模經營 農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化 土地流轉 法庫縣　出處：《東北農業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,土地規(guī)�；洜I開始興起,但被很多問題困擾,導致發(fā)展遲緩。土地細碎化、機械化程度低、農村剩余人口受教育水平及生產技能低下、投入產出水平達不到預期標準等都成為了土地規(guī)模經營中的桎梏。如何加快農村土地流轉,成為解決土地適度規(guī)�；洜I的重要手段。怎樣結合區(qū)域發(fā)展探討出有效的、因地制宜的土地規(guī)模經營模式是我國農村土地制度改革及農業(yè)區(qū)域發(fā)展方向性的選擇,是關乎農民收入、農村經濟、國民經濟和社會發(fā)展的一系列重要問題。本研究在查閱大量文獻基礎上,以遼寧省法庫縣為研究區(qū),通過設計調查問卷進行外業(yè)調查,對農戶及農業(yè)經濟合作組織的情況進行了統(tǒng)計分析。本研究共調研了10個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、28個村,獲取農戶問卷140份,合作組織問卷36份。對調研數(shù)據(jù)分析表明:(1)法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營農戶受教育程度普遍較低,從事農業(yè)生產勞動老齡化相對較高。(2)法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營過程中存在土地流轉現(xiàn)象,但土地流轉面積較小,流轉面積基本在1-20畝之間,農戶土地轉出意愿整體較低。(3)法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營的總體面積大部分集中在200畝以上,占調查樣本總量的64.05%;土地單產主要集中在1500~2000斤之間,占總樣本量的47.03%;可見其土壤條件相對較好,地力水平相對較高,具有一定的優(yōu)勢。(4)法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營的主體以農村能人或專業(yè)戶,占總戶數(shù)的51.17%;村集體、涉農企業(yè)領辦的較少,然而根據(jù)建立土地經營組織時戶數(shù)與現(xiàn)有戶數(shù)比較,村集體、企業(yè)領辦的一般比較成功且規(guī)模普遍增加,農戶通過土地流轉方式加盟,加入意愿較強烈。(5)法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營過程中的主要影響因素有勞動力轉移、農業(yè)機械化、種植習慣、農業(yè)專業(yè)合作社、制度政策五個方面;存在的問題大多表現(xiàn)在農民、經營組織、政府、制度政策等方面。針對當前法庫縣土地規(guī)模經營的近況及反映出的問題從農戶、經濟、社會、制度四個方面提出適合法庫縣土地規(guī)�；洜I發(fā)展的對策:一是農戶方面提高素質、轉變觀念;二是經濟方面增加土地規(guī)模經營的科技投入及產業(yè)優(yōu)化、解決剩余勞動力就業(yè)問題、提高機械化水平;三是社會方面完善社會保障體系、充分發(fā)揮農民專業(yè)合作社的積極作用、構建土地流轉信息服務平臺;四是制度方面加強宣傳引導、加大扶持力度、完善土地流轉制度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the large-scale management of land began to rise, but was troubled by many problems, resulting in slow development. Land fragmentation, low degree of mechanization, rural surplus population education level and production skills are low. The input-output level is not up to the expected standard and has become the shackles of the land scale management. How to speed up the rural land circulation. To become an important means to solve the moderate scale of land management. How to combine the regional development to explore the effective. The mode of land scale management in accordance with local conditions is the choice of the reform of rural land system and the direction of agricultural regional development. It is related to the income of farmers and rural economy. On the basis of consulting a great deal of literature, this research takes Faku County of Liaoning Province as the research area, and carries on the field investigation through the design questionnaire. Statistical analysis was made on the situation of farmers and agricultural economic cooperation organizations. In this study, a total of 10 villages and 28 villages were investigated, and 140 questionnaires were obtained. 36 questionnaires of cooperative organization. The analysis of survey data shows that farmers in Faku County generally have low education level in land scale management. In the process of land scale management in Faku County, the phenomenon of land circulation exists, but the land circulation area is smaller, and the circulation area is between 1-20 mu. The total area of land scale management in Faku County is mostly more than 200 mu, which accounts for 64.05% of the total survey sample. The yield per unit of the land was mainly between 1500 and 2000 jin, accounting for 47.03 of the total sample size. It can be seen that the soil condition is relatively good, the soil fertility level is relatively high, and it has certain advantages. (4) the main body of land scale management in Faku County is rural capable people or specialized households, accounting for 51.17% of the total households; Village collective, agricultural enterprises lead less, but according to the establishment of land management organizations when the number of households and the number of existing households, village collectives, enterprises led by the general success and generally increase in scale. Farmers joined by land circulation, the intention to join is stronger. 5) Faku County land scale management process of the main factors are labor transfer, agricultural mechanization, planting habits, agricultural professional cooperatives. Five aspects of institutional policy; Most of the existing problems in farmers, business organizations, government, institutional policies and other aspects. According to the current Faku County land scale management and reflect the problems from farmers, economy, society. Four aspects of the system proposed suitable for the Faku County land scale management development countermeasures: first, farmers to improve their quality, change ideas; Second, increase the scientific and technological input and industrial optimization of land scale management, solve the employment problem of surplus labor force, and raise the level of mechanization; Third, improve the social security system, give full play to the positive role of farmers' professional cooperatives, and build a land circulation information service platform; Fourth, the system to strengthen publicity and guidance, increase support, improve the land circulation system.
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F321.1

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