本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國種植業(yè)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易自由化對環(huán)境影響的計量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

篇名

中國種植業(yè)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易自由化對環(huán)境影響的計量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析

并列篇名

Econometric Analysis of Environmental Impacts of Crop Trade Liberalization

作者

張凌云(Ling-Yun Zhang)；毛顯強(Xian-Qiang Mao)；涂瑩燕(Ying-Yan Tu)；胡濤(Tao Hu)

關(guān)鍵字

貿(mào)易自由化 ； 環(huán)境影響 ； 計量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 ； trade liberalization ； environmental impact ； econometric analysis

出版品名稱

中國人口·資源與環(huán)境

卷期/出版年月

15卷6期

頁次

46 - 49

內(nèi)容語文

簡體中文

中文摘要

入世后，，中國將根據(jù)WTO的要求對農(nóng)業(yè)貿(mào)易相關(guān)政策進(jìn)行調(diào)整和改革，這將改變國內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，進(jìn)而影響到農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境。在此背景下，本文首先界定了種植業(yè)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易自由的涵義，并對其環(huán)境影響途徑進(jìn)行分析，然后利用計量經(jīng)濟(jì)方法著重分析了貿(mào)易自由化對國內(nèi)種植業(yè)生產(chǎn)中化肥、農(nóng)藥使用的影響。研究結(jié)果表明，在種植業(yè)產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易自由化中，進(jìn)口滲透作用對緩解國內(nèi)化肥、農(nóng)藥污染影響顯著，而出口導(dǎo)向作用影響不明顯。文章最后給出了減緩農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易自由化的不利影響，發(fā)揮其有利影響的政策建議。

英文摘要

China's accession to WTO brings adjustments and reforms to Chinese agricultural trade related policies, which will on domestic agricultural production, and further on rural ecological environment. The paper presents an econometric analysis of rural environmental impacts of crop trade liberalization after China's accession to WTO, especially on chemical inputs change caused by free trade. Firstly, the meaning of crop trade liberalization is explained and the linkages between environment and crop trade liberalization are identified against the background of China's accession to WTO. According to China's accession commitments and rules of WTO, crop trade liberalization mainly means market access of China's food market and adjusting domestic crop-related support policies, which will impact on rural environment through scale effects, structural effects and technology effects. Then, the authors establish an econometric model to analyze environment impacts of crop trade liberalization, with specific focus on chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides. The results indicate that in trade liberalization, import penetration of crops is helpful to decrease domestic chemical inputs obviously, but export orientation impacts on domestic chemical inputs slightly. The results can be explained by China's current foreign trade structure of crop products. Labor intensive products, including fruit and vegetables, are major export crop products, so expansion of crops export has little effect on chemical inputs in domestic crop production. However, land intensive products, including grains, cotton, oil, sugar, are major import crop products, so expansion of crops import is obviously helpful to alleviate environmental pollution caused by chemical inputs. Lastly, two policy suggestions are proposed to harmonize the crop trade liberalization and the environmental protection. The first one is to loose grain import control appropriately on the premise of grain security. More import of land intensive crops will accelerate the environment-friendly transformation of domestic agricultural production structure. The second one is to internalize environmental cost of crop production. Higher cost of environment-unfriendly input may induce farmers to reduce chemical inputs through accepting advanced technology.

主題分類 社會科學(xué) > 區(qū)域研究

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國種植業(yè)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易自由化對環(huán)境影響的計量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。