本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國(guó)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力研究　出處：《北京工商大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：自遠(yuǎn)古印第安人把野生大芻草栽培成玉米之后,千百年來(lái),玉米成為萬(wàn)千大眾們世代相傳的糧食作物。本世紀(jì)初,全球的玉米年產(chǎn)量已然超越小麥、水稻,位居三大農(nóng)作物之首。并且在此之后以平均每年以2.7%的速度高速增長(zhǎng),2014年更達(dá)到創(chuàng)歷史的9.791億噸,穩(wěn)居農(nóng)作物榜首。作為傳統(tǒng)的玉米生產(chǎn)大國(guó)之一,玉米種植在我國(guó)具有非常悠久的歷史,最早可追溯至唐朝,千百年來(lái),玉米在我國(guó)糧食生產(chǎn)中也一直有著舉足輕重的地位。但是,自2001年我國(guó)加入WTO之后,隨著我國(guó)不斷擴(kuò)大本國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)對(duì)外開放程度,我國(guó)玉米也面臨著激烈的國(guó)際玉米市場(chǎng)沖擊,2014年我國(guó)玉米出口量?jī)H為2.05萬(wàn)噸,出口金額也僅為769萬(wàn)美元,與美國(guó)等世界發(fā)達(dá)的玉米種植國(guó)相比差距顯著。如何扭轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)玉米缺乏國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力這一現(xiàn)狀,滿足國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)需求的同時(shí)擴(kuò)大國(guó)際市場(chǎng),保障玉米種植戶的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,增加農(nóng)民的收入,是我們必須面對(duì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。本文首先根據(jù)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的相關(guān)理論,試圖對(duì)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力做出較為的合理定義,并在此基礎(chǔ)上采用定量分析法從種植現(xiàn)狀與出口現(xiàn)狀兩個(gè)維度對(duì)世界玉米現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行概述,并從中選取了具有代表性的國(guó)家納入到我國(guó)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系中,通過(guò)整理2004-2014聯(lián)合國(guó)商品貿(mào)易統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),選取了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)業(yè)績(jī)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)力兩個(gè)方面共九個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行國(guó)際比較分析,明確現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)玉米在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的優(yōu)劣勢(shì)所在,之后,通過(guò)總結(jié)之前學(xué)者們的研究,把影響我國(guó)玉米競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的因素囊括為價(jià)格因素、非價(jià)格因素、生態(tài)環(huán)境因素、政府因素四方面。并運(yùn)用實(shí)證分析法對(duì)我國(guó)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的影響因素進(jìn)行了分析,明確不同因素對(duì)我國(guó)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力所產(chǎn)生的具體影響,最后,筆者認(rèn)為,提升我國(guó)玉米國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力應(yīng)該從以下幾方面著手:一是要加大政府的宏觀調(diào)控力度;二是要充分發(fā)揮玉米行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的組織與協(xié)調(diào)作用;三是要充分發(fā)揮玉米企業(yè)的市場(chǎng)主體作用。
[Abstract]:Since the ancient Indians cultivated wild ruminant grass into corn, corn has become a food crop for thousands of generations. At the beginning of this century, the annual output of corn has surpassed that of wheat and rice. The top three crops. Since then, it has grown at an average annual rate of 2.7% tons, reaching an all-time high of 979.1 million tons in 2014. As one of the traditional corn production countries, maize planting in China has a very long history, the earliest can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, thousands of years. Corn has always played an important role in China's grain production. However, since China joined WTO in 2001, with the continuous expansion of the degree of opening up of our agricultural products market. In 2014, China's corn export volume was only 20,500 tons, and the export amount was only 7.69 million US dollars. Compared with the developed corn planting countries such as the United States, there is a significant gap. How to reverse the current situation of lack of international competitiveness of maize in China, to meet the domestic market demand and expand the international market at the same time. To protect the economic benefits of corn farmers and increase the income of farmers is a real problem we must face. Firstly, according to the international competitiveness, the relevant theory of international competitiveness of agricultural products. This paper attempts to make a more reasonable definition of the international competitiveness of maize, and on the basis of this, adopts the quantitative analysis method to summarize the current situation of maize in the world from the two dimensions of planting status and export status. And selected representative countries into our corn international competitiveness evaluation index system, through collating the 2004-2014 United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database related data. Selected the competitive performance, competitive strength of two aspects of a total of nine indicators for international comparative analysis, to determine the current situation of China's maize in the international market strengths and weaknesses, after a summary of previous scholars' research. The factors that affect the competitiveness of maize in China include price factor, non-price factor and ecological environment factor. Four aspects of government factors, and the use of empirical analysis of China's corn international competitiveness factors were analyzed, to determine the specific impact of different factors on China's corn international competitiveness, finally, the author thinks. To improve the international competitiveness of maize in China, we should start from the following aspects: first, we should increase the macro-control efforts of the government; Second, it is necessary to give full play to the role of organization and coordination of corn industry associations; Third, to give full play to the market role of corn enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F323.7;F752.62

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