本文關(guān)鍵詞：地震作用下磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋損傷順序與破壞模式研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 幾何形態(tài) 地震破壞模式 窗上帶墻體 窗間墻 汶川地震

【摘要】：在近年來的幾次大地震中,多層磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)破壞和倒塌現(xiàn)象十分普遍,未倒塌的多層磚混結(jié)構(gòu)也遭受了不同程度的損傷,造成了大量的人員傷亡和巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。根據(jù)對災(zāi)區(qū)房屋的震害調(diào)查和損傷規(guī)律分析發(fā)現(xiàn),磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)窗上帶墻體層層出現(xiàn)損傷的房屋在遭遇罕遇地震后有許多并未出現(xiàn)倒塌,結(jié)構(gòu)存在概率很高,這是否是符合結(jié)構(gòu)抗震概念設(shè)計的理想破壞模式?如何通過建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計來控制磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷順序,進而提高磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋的抗震安全性,完善規(guī)范中的設(shè)計規(guī)定,具有重要的工程價值和理論意義。在磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)中,窗間墻作為豎向和水平的主要受力構(gòu)件,窗上帶及窗下帶作為保持墻體整體性的重要組成部分,其相互間的幾何關(guān)系和剛度比,對控制結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷順序和破壞模式具有重要作用,為充分發(fā)揮窗上帶墻體的材料性能,期望找到承受水平地震力時使窗上帶墻體成為吸收地震能量的第一批損傷的設(shè)計方法。本文以汶川地震中收集到的房屋震害資料為背景,通過對實際地震震害現(xiàn)象、震害規(guī)律以及影響因素分析,對損傷次序和破壞模式進行了研究。論文主要進行了如下研究和探討:(1)總結(jié)和分析了磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋的震害現(xiàn)象和原因了,對結(jié)構(gòu)窗間墻破壞、協(xié)同破壞和窗上帶破壞三種破壞模式進行了區(qū)分,通過應(yīng)用圖像處理軟件,對照片進行網(wǎng)格透視化處理,提取了結(jié)構(gòu)窗間墻和窗上帶墻體的定量信息;(2)依據(jù)獲取的數(shù)據(jù)信息進行分類處理和定性定量分析,從窗間墻寬和窗上帶高的相對幾何尺寸關(guān)系、窗上帶跨高比與窗間墻高寬比的相對關(guān)系、以及窗間墻和窗上帶的剛度比幾個方面進行了損傷順序與破壞模式分析,給出有利于結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計控制的定量關(guān)系;(3)采用有限元分析,完成了磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)損傷順序的影響因素擴大參數(shù)分析,印證了對震害墻體數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析得到結(jié)果的規(guī)律性。(4)對規(guī)范中磚混砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計要求和圈梁和構(gòu)造柱進行了總結(jié)和分析,并結(jié)合震害數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析和有限元分析,提出并給出控制磚混結(jié)構(gòu)破壞的方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the damage and collapse of multi-story masonry structure is very common, and the uncollapsed multi-story masonry structure has also suffered different degrees of damage. Caused a large number of casualties and huge economic losses. According to the earthquake damage investigation and damage law analysis found. Many buildings with damage on the windows of brick and concrete masonry structure have not collapsed after a rare earthquake, and the probability of existence of the structure is very high. Is this an ideal failure mode in accordance with the conceptual design of structural seismic design? How to control the damage sequence of brick-concrete masonry structure through building and structural design, and then improve the seismic safety of brick-concrete masonry structure building, perfect the design rules in the code. It has important engineering value and theoretical significance. In brick masonry structure, the window wall is the main force member in vertical and horizontal direction, and the upper and lower window belt is an important part to maintain the integrity of the wall. The geometric relationship and stiffness ratio play an important role in controlling the damage sequence and failure mode of the structure. In order to find the design method to make the wall on the window become the first damage to absorb the earthquake energy when bearing the horizontal earthquake force, this paper takes the earthquake damage data collected in Wenchuan earthquake as the background. Through the actual earthquake damage phenomenon, earthquake damage law and influence factors analysis. The damage sequence and failure mode are studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) summarize and analyze the earthquake damage phenomenon and reason of brick masonry structure building, and destroy the wall between windows of the structure. There are three kinds of destruction modes: cooperative destruction and window damage. By using image processing software, the quantitative information of the wall between the windows and the wall on the window is extracted by using the image processing software to deal with the photos through the mesh perspective. (2) according to the obtained data, the relative geometric dimension relationship between the wall width and the height of the window and the ratio of the span to the height of the window and the ratio between the height and width of the wall between the windows are analyzed and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The damage sequence and failure mode of the window wall and the stiffness ratio of the upper band of the window are analyzed, and the quantitative relationship is given in favor of the seismic design control of the structure. 3) finite element analysis is used to analyze the factors influencing the damage sequence of brick masonry structure. The regularity of statistical analysis of seismic damage wall data is confirmed. (4) the design requirements of brick masonry structure and the ring beams and structural columns in the code are summarized and analyzed. Combined with the statistical analysis of seismic damage data and finite element analysis, a method to control the damage of brick and concrete structure is put forward and given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU364;TU312.3
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本文編號：1426386