本文關(guān)鍵詞：技術(shù)進(jìn)步視角下環(huán)境規(guī)制對碳排放績效的影響研究　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)呈現(xiàn)跨越式的發(fā)展態(tài)勢,尤其是近年來伴隨著城市化和工業(yè)化水平的不斷提升,使得二氧化碳的排放量不斷攀升且已位居首位。面對溫室效應(yīng)的極端危害以及避免經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的高碳鎖定,中國政府高度重視碳減排并持續(xù)做出減排承諾,減排決心可見一斑。然而,由于微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的機(jī)會主義,碳減排任務(wù)的順利履行很難單純依賴市場機(jī)制獨(dú)立完成,必須借助政府“看得見的手”通過環(huán)境規(guī)制保障碳減排的有力推進(jìn)。本文從技術(shù)進(jìn)步視角下,探尋環(huán)境規(guī)制對碳排放績效的作用機(jī)制及影響效應(yīng),以期為政府環(huán)境規(guī)制的有效性做出正確的評價(jià),并且為區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制的實(shí)施和碳排放績效的提升提出必要的思路。主要研究成果包括以下幾個(gè)方面:首先,在概念界定的基礎(chǔ)上,從技術(shù)進(jìn)步視角規(guī)范研究了環(huán)境規(guī)制對碳排放績效的作用機(jī)制。技術(shù)的革新主要通過生產(chǎn)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和治污技術(shù)進(jìn)步對碳排放績效產(chǎn)生重要的影響。同時(shí),依據(jù)技術(shù)進(jìn)步理論,環(huán)境規(guī)制通過成本效應(yīng)影響著企業(yè)的行為,從而激發(fā)企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新水平。具體從四個(gè)方面剖析了環(huán)境規(guī)制對碳排放績效的影響機(jī)制:第一,環(huán)境規(guī)制通過經(jīng)濟(jì)干預(yù)手段對能源價(jià)格造成影響,由此帶動(dòng)能源結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)變,高碳能源價(jià)格的上漲和比例的下降必然帶動(dòng)新能源技術(shù)的革新;第二,環(huán)境規(guī)制通過對企業(yè)施加更為嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從而成為進(jìn)入壁壘促使產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級,由資本-勞動(dòng)密集型企業(yè)向技術(shù)密集型企業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變;第三,環(huán)境規(guī)制通過弱化企業(yè)的規(guī)模優(yōu)勢和資本優(yōu)勢進(jìn)而影響其創(chuàng)新行為;第四,政府環(huán)境規(guī)制水平的變化對FDI的進(jìn)入造成影響,從而影響資本和技術(shù)的進(jìn)入。其次,將碳排放績效作為生產(chǎn)要素引入生產(chǎn)函數(shù),基于分散競爭均衡模型從數(shù)理模型角度分析了環(huán)境規(guī)制、技術(shù)進(jìn)步和碳排放績效之間的關(guān)系,結(jié)果表明環(huán)境規(guī)制對碳排放績效的影響呈現(xiàn)出U型曲線關(guān)系。進(jìn)一步通過計(jì)量模型的構(gòu)建對我國30個(gè)省市的2000-2014年的面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)量分析,研究表明環(huán)境規(guī)制的直接效應(yīng)并不顯著,通過廣義彈性模型表明環(huán)境規(guī)制基于技術(shù)進(jìn)步、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、能源效率和FDI四條路徑對碳排放績效的影響彈性分別為0.0428、0.0343、0.0221和-0.0058,由此證實(shí)了環(huán)境規(guī)制基于技術(shù)進(jìn)步對碳排放真實(shí)影響效應(yīng)的存在。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過將環(huán)境規(guī)制與技術(shù)進(jìn)步的交互作用項(xiàng)引入計(jì)量模型,測算出在滯后1-3年,交互作用項(xiàng)對碳排放績效的影響效應(yīng)為大于技術(shù)進(jìn)步本身的影響效應(yīng),分別為0.2975、0.3646和0.3412。值得一提的是,本文進(jìn)一步通過門檻效應(yīng)分析對中國的環(huán)境規(guī)制門檻值進(jìn)行估計(jì),并結(jié)合30個(gè)省市的實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行區(qū)域劃分,為環(huán)境規(guī)制的區(qū)域性比較及政府的政策選擇提供針對性的參考。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has developed by leaps and bounds, especially in recent years with the continuous improvement of urbanization and industrialization. In the face of the extreme harm of Greenhouse Effect and avoiding the high carbon lock of economic development, the Chinese government attaches great importance to reducing carbon emissions and continues to make emission reduction commitments. However, due to the opportunism of microeconomic subjects, it is difficult to implement the task of carbon emission reduction by relying on the market mechanism alone. With the help of the government's "visible hand", this paper explores the mechanism and effect of environmental regulation on the performance of carbon emissions from the perspective of technological progress. With a view to the effectiveness of government environmental regulation to make a correct evaluation, and for the implementation of regional environmental regulation and improve the performance of carbon emissions to put forward the necessary ideas. The main research results include the following aspects: first. On the basis of conceptual definition. From the perspective of technological progress, this paper studies the mechanism of environmental regulation on carbon emission performance. Technology innovation mainly through the progress of production technology and pollution control technology progress on carbon performance. At the same time. According to the theory of technological progress, environmental regulation affects the behavior of enterprises through cost effect, thereby stimulating the innovation level of enterprises. The paper analyzes the mechanism of environmental regulation on carbon emissions performance from four aspects: first. Environmental regulation exerts influence on energy price by means of economic intervention, which leads to the transformation of energy structure, and the rising and decreasing of high carbon energy price will inevitably lead to the innovation of new energy technology. Second, environmental regulation by imposing more stringent standards on enterprises to become a barrier to promote the upgrading of industrial structure, from capital-labor-intensive enterprises to technology-intensive enterprises. Thirdly, environmental regulation affects the innovation behavior of enterprises by weakening their advantages of scale and capital. In 4th, the change of the level of government environmental regulation has an impact on the entry of FDI, thus affecting the entry of capital and technology. Secondly, carbon emission performance is introduced into the production function as a factor of production. Based on the decentralized competition equilibrium model, the relationship among environmental regulation, technological progress and carbon emission performance is analyzed from the perspective of mathematical model. The results show that the impact of environmental regulation on carbon emissions performance shows a U-curve relationship. Through the construction of measurement model, the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2014 are analyzed. The research shows that the direct effect of environmental regulation is not significant. The generalized elastic model shows that environmental regulation is based on technological progress and industrial structure. The elasticity of energy efficiency and FDI on carbon emission performance was 0.04280.3430.221 and -0.0058, respectively. It is confirmed that environmental regulation is based on the real effect of technological progress on carbon emissions. On this basis, the interaction between environmental regulation and technological progress is introduced into the econometric model. It is estimated that the effect of interaction on carbon emission performance is greater than that of technological progress for 1-3 years, which is 0.2975, respectively. 0.3646 and 0.3412. It is worth mentioning that the threshold value of environmental regulation in China is estimated by threshold effect analysis, and the regional division is carried out according to the actual situation of 30 provinces and cities. It provides a reference for regional comparison of environmental regulation and government policy choice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X32

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