【摘要】：本課題研究了環(huán)首都自供能自循環(huán)鄉(xiāng)村改造模式,提出不依賴傳統(tǒng)城市市政配套的,可對環(huán)首都貧困村鎮(zhèn)進行改造的,自供能自循環(huán)生態(tài)村的模型。研究認為環(huán)首都貧困村鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展應遵循生態(tài)循環(huán)經濟規(guī)律,向生態(tài)化和循環(huán)產業(yè)轉變。應建立生態(tài)產業(yè)、能源自供、資源循環(huán)和生態(tài)建筑綜合發(fā)展的模式,具體需發(fā)展生態(tài)修復、生態(tài)農業(yè)、生態(tài)旅游產業(yè),按生態(tài)循環(huán)經濟模式規(guī)劃生態(tài)村鎮(zhèn),在生態(tài)建筑的技術基礎上,統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展裝配化技術和循環(huán)技術系統(tǒng)等。形成自供能自循環(huán),低成本高舒適度的生態(tài)村鎮(zhèn)。為建立環(huán)首都貧困帶區(qū)域村鎮(zhèn)的新能源系統(tǒng),可采用以自然村鎮(zhèn)為單位,以生態(tài)農業(yè)集約化資源綜合利用的模式,建立適度規(guī)模的能源合作社,利用秸稈和養(yǎng)殖畜禽糞便,走沼氣高溫發(fā)酵及分布式生物質能源的技術路徑,綜合沼氣、光伏、光熱系統(tǒng),用作村鎮(zhèn)生活和農業(yè)生產能源,同時形成農業(yè)生產和生態(tài)小鎮(zhèn)生活的無廢棄物生態(tài)循環(huán)鏈條,實現環(huán)首都村鎮(zhèn)的自供能自循環(huán),使村鎮(zhèn)獲得最大的社會、生態(tài)、經濟的綜合效益,達到從發(fā)展模式入手,統(tǒng)一近期利益與長遠利益,使農民增收,企業(yè)創(chuàng)收,根本改變區(qū)域貧困面貌。對環(huán)首都貧困帶村鎮(zhèn)進行生態(tài)循環(huán)規(guī)劃,將關鍵節(jié)能建筑技術進行模塊化,形成低能耗被動式生態(tài)建筑系統(tǒng),使村鎮(zhèn)住宅建筑單元標準化、能耗負荷低,與分布式可再生能源系統(tǒng)、MBR模塊化循環(huán)水處理等系統(tǒng)對接,實現村鎮(zhèn)的自供能自循環(huán)。同時便于規(guī)�；纳a和適度密度的集成建造,大幅降低開發(fā)成本,便于復制推廣,有利于從根本上解決環(huán)首都貧困區(qū)村鎮(zhèn)住宅建造,能源革新和生態(tài)保護問題。以一千戶村鎮(zhèn)模型為案例,探討自供能自循環(huán)改造系統(tǒng)的可行性及綜合效益。通過該模型的推廣,將使生態(tài)農業(yè),村鎮(zhèn)建設環(huán)境,形成經濟合理、層次豐富、復合發(fā)展的生態(tài)良性循環(huán),將有助于全面改變環(huán)首都貧困鄉(xiāng)村面貌,并促進區(qū)域生態(tài)保護,村鎮(zhèn)建設可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the transformation mode of self-circulating countryside around the capital, and puts forward a model of self-supplying and self-circulating ecological village, which does not rely on the traditional urban municipal support and can transform the poor villages and towns around the capital. It is considered that the development of poor villages and towns around the capital should follow the law of ecological circular economy and change to ecological and circular industry. The comprehensive development model of ecological industry, energy self-supply, resource circulation and ecological building should be established, and the ecological restoration, ecological agriculture and ecotourism industry should be developed, ecological villages and towns should be planned according to the ecological circular economy model, and the assembly technology and circular technology system should be developed as a whole on the basis of the technology of ecological architecture. The formation of self-supply and self-circulation, low cost and high comfort of ecological villages and towns. In order to establish the new energy system of the regional villages and towns around the poverty belt of the capital, we can adopt the mode of comprehensive utilization of intensive resources of ecological agriculture with natural villages and towns as units, establish energy cooperatives of moderate scale, make use of straw and livestock and poultry manure, take the technical path of biogas high temperature fermentation and distributed biomass energy, integrate biogas, photovoltaic and photothermal systems, and be used as energy sources for village and town life and agricultural production. At the same time, a waste-free ecological cycle chain of agricultural production and ecological town life can be formed to realize the self-circulation of self-supply and self-circulation around the capital villages and towns, so that the villages and towns can obtain the greatest social, ecological and economic comprehensive benefits, start with the development model, unify the short-term and long-term interests, increase farmers' income, generate income from enterprises, and fundamentally change the face of regional poverty. The ecological cycle planning of villages and towns around the poverty belt of the capital is carried out, the key energy-saving building technology is modularized, and the passive ecological building system with low energy consumption is formed, which standardizes the residential building units of villages and towns, and connects with the distributed renewable energy system and MBR modular circulating water treatment system, so as to realize the self-circulation of energy supply and self-circulation in villages and towns. At the same time, it is convenient for large-scale production and moderate density integrated construction, greatly reduces the development cost, facilitates replication and popularization, and is conducive to fundamentally solving the problems of housing construction, energy innovation and ecological protection in the poor areas around the capital. Taking 1000 village and town model as an example, this paper discusses the feasibility and comprehensive benefit of self-supplying energy self-circulation transformation system. Through the popularization of the model, the ecological agriculture, the construction environment of villages and towns will be made, and the ecological virtuous circle of economic rationality, rich hierarchy and compound development will be formed, which will help to change the appearance of poor villages around the capital in an all-round way, and promote regional ecological protection and sustainable development of village and town construction.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU982.29

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