【摘要】：太陽(yáng)能在建筑中具有很大的利用潛力,利用太陽(yáng)能可以滿足生活熱水與供暖此類(lèi)低品位能耗的需求。本課題采用太陽(yáng)能為熱源,以分離式熱管作為傳熱元件,將壁掛式太陽(yáng)能熱水器與內(nèi)墻相結(jié)合,提出一種分離式太陽(yáng)能熱管供暖裝置,利用內(nèi)墻輻射對(duì)房間進(jìn)行供暖,同時(shí)具備供生活熱水功能。本裝置采用太陽(yáng)能運(yùn)行,不消耗額外動(dòng)力,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了各構(gòu)件與建筑的一體化結(jié)合。分離式太陽(yáng)能熱管供暖裝置將太陽(yáng)能轉(zhuǎn)換成熱水,利用熱管汽化潛熱高效傳遞熱能的特性將熱量傳遞至內(nèi)墻,由墻體進(jìn)行蓄熱放熱實(shí)現(xiàn)供暖。其主要組成構(gòu)件為集熱器、儲(chǔ)熱水箱、分離式熱管、內(nèi)墻。相比于其他供暖方式,分離式太陽(yáng)能熱管供暖裝置具有采用清潔的可再生能源為熱源、高效傳熱、舒適、隱蔽性好、無(wú)動(dòng)力供暖等優(yōu)點(diǎn)及局限于白天集熱,夜間放熱等不足。本課題選取了南京地區(qū)某住宅樓南向標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層的兩個(gè)房間,對(duì)裝置的核心傳熱元件分離式熱管進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。首先根據(jù)熱源條件,選擇合適的工作介質(zhì),計(jì)算比較水和氨在不同工作溫度下對(duì)熱管性能影響較為關(guān)鍵的熱物理性質(zhì),得出最合適的工作介質(zhì)為水,熱管工作溫度為40℃,工作壓力為7375 Pa;然后選擇管殼材料及尺寸,最佳為304不銹鋼,管徑16mm,壁厚1mm,并進(jìn)行壓力校核。最后說(shuō)明了充液率對(duì)熱管的影響及其兩種計(jì)算方法,R1為滿足熱管運(yùn)行下蒸發(fā)段的充液量不燒干時(shí)的充液率,R2為熱管達(dá)到穩(wěn)定工作狀態(tài)下,綜合考慮蒸汽上升管、液體下降管及冷凝段時(shí)的充液率。結(jié)果表明：蒸發(fā)段和冷凝段管長(zhǎng)變化時(shí)對(duì)R2值幾乎沒(méi)有影響,而液體下降管對(duì)R2值影響較大,液體下降管對(duì)R1值的影響大于于蒸發(fā)段和冷凝段對(duì)R1值的影響；可以通過(guò)增加分離式熱管冷凝段的管排數(shù)來(lái)減少管內(nèi)的充液率,當(dāng)蒸發(fā)段的管排數(shù)為3,冷凝段的管排數(shù)為4～6時(shí),管內(nèi)的充液率值較為穩(wěn)定；管內(nèi)溫度在40℃左右變化時(shí)對(duì)分離式熱管的充液率值影響不大。
[Abstract]:Solar energy has great potential in building, and it can meet the demand of low-grade energy consumption such as domestic hot water and heating. In this paper, solar energy is used as heat source, separated heat pipe is used as heat transfer element, wall-mounted solar water heater is combined with inner wall, and a separate solar heat pipe heating device is put forward, which uses internal wall radiation to heat the room. At the same time, it has the function of supplying hot water for life. This device uses solar energy, no additional power consumption, and realizes the integration of each component and building. The separated solar heat pipe heating device converts the solar energy into hot water. The heat is transferred to the inner wall by the heat pipe vaporization latent heat and the heat transfer is realized by the heat storage and heat release of the wall. Its main components are collector, heat storage tank, separate heat pipe, inner wall. Compared with other heating methods, the separated solar heat pipe heating device has the advantages of adopting clean renewable energy as the heat source, high efficiency heat transfer, comfort, good concealment, no power heating and so on. It is limited to the heat collection during the day and the heat release at night and so on. In this paper, two rooms on the south standard floor of a residential building in Nanjing are selected to design the separated heat pipe of the core heat transfer element of the device. First of all, according to the heat source condition, select the suitable working medium, calculate and compare the key thermophysical properties of water and ammonia on the performance of heat pipe under different working temperature. The most suitable working medium is water, the working temperature of the heat pipe is 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2463121