【摘要】：我國湖南西部屬于夏熱冬冷地區(qū),晝夜溫差較高,夏季白天室內(nèi)溫度較高,當?shù)鼐用褚郧坝捎谏顥l件和居住條件較差,室內(nèi)很少采用空調(diào)降溫。近年來,隨著生活水平的提高以及在國家優(yōu)惠政策“農(nóng)村危房改造工程”的扶持下,越來越多的家庭住進了新房。為了改善室內(nèi)夏季溫度較高的問題,采用空調(diào)來改善室內(nèi)環(huán)境舒適度的家庭逐漸增多,空調(diào)能耗也在急劇上升。為了降低空調(diào)能耗,研究一種適合湖南西部地區(qū)既節(jié)能又能改善室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的技術是非常有意義的。本文通過對湖南西部地區(qū)氣候條件和建筑特點的研究,提出了利用太陽能誘導室內(nèi)通風技術,在房屋改造的同時考慮室內(nèi)通風,從而達到既節(jié)能又能改善室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的目的。本文主要進行了下列幾項研究工作并得出如下結論:(1)對湖南西部地區(qū)室外氣候和太陽輻射強度進行了測量,得到了湖南西部地區(qū)太陽輻射強度、室外溫度月平均值和日變化數(shù)據(jù)。同時還選擇了一座典型建筑并對其室內(nèi)溫度進行實地測量,得出夏季約34%的時間每日室外最高溫度超過33℃;室內(nèi)溫度約30%的時間超過了30℃。(2)利用CFD技術對上述典型建筑內(nèi)的室內(nèi)溫度場和流場進行模擬,得出房屋改造前,室內(nèi)流速幾乎為零;室內(nèi)的溫度除進出口溫度略有降低外其余地方幾乎沒有改變;模擬溫度結果比實測結果高0.4℃左右;(3)在上述研究的基礎上設計了傾斜式集熱屋面、傾斜式集熱通道、傾斜式太陽能煙囪三種不同太陽能誘導通風設計方案。通過對三種設計方案的模擬得到以下結論:1)在太陽能誘導作用下,室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境改善效果較為明顯。本文設計的傾斜式集熱屋面、傾斜式集熱通道及傾斜式太陽能煙囪三種方案的室內(nèi)通風效果均比房屋改造前有所改善。在太陽能誘導作用下,設計方案的室內(nèi)氣流速度提高了0.1至0.25m/s,室內(nèi)空氣溫度降低了約0.5至2℃;2)由于地窖的空氣溫度比室外進風的溫度低,在進口分別考慮引入地窖空氣和室外進風時,室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的改善效果不同。引入地窖空氣時的室內(nèi)通風效果與室外進風時相比,室內(nèi)氣流速度高0.05~0.2m/s,室內(nèi)溫度低1~2℃,與室外進風時比較引入地窖風時室內(nèi)改善效果較好;3)通過對傾斜式集熱屋面、傾斜式集熱通道、傾斜式太陽能煙囪三種設計方案進行對比分析選出了最優(yōu)方案二,即傾斜式集熱通道。在太陽能誘導作用下,傾斜式集熱通道的室內(nèi)氣流速度可達0.2~0.3m/s,室內(nèi)溫度可降低2~3℃。
[Abstract]:The western part of Hunan province belongs to hot summer and cold winter, the temperature difference between day and night is higher, and the indoor temperature is higher during the summer. Because of the poor living conditions and living conditions, the indoor air conditioning is seldom used to cool the temperature. In recent years, with the improvement of the living standard and the support of the national preferential policy "Rural dilapidated Housing renovation Project", more and more families live in new houses. In order to improve the indoor temperature in summer, the number of households using air conditioning to improve the comfort of indoor environment is increasing gradually, and the energy consumption of air conditioning is also increasing sharply. In order to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning, it is of great significance to study a technology which is suitable for the west of Hunan province to save energy and improve the indoor thermal environment. Based on the study of climate conditions and building characteristics in the western part of Hunan Province, this paper puts forward the use of solar energy-induced indoor ventilation technology and the consideration of indoor ventilation at the same time as the renovation of houses, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy and improving the indoor thermal environment. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the outdoor climate and solar radiation intensity in the western part of Hunan Province are measured and the solar radiation intensity in the western part of Hunan Province is obtained. Outdoor temperature monthly average and daily variation data. At the same time, a typical building was selected and its indoor temperature was measured in the field. It was concluded that the highest outdoor temperature in summer was over 33 鈩，

本文編號：2449138