【摘要】：隨著電梯朝著高揚程、高速度的方向不斷發(fā)展,由于高速運動引起的瞬態(tài)氣動力變化、驅動系統(tǒng)振動、轎廂振動等一系列問題給電梯平穩(wěn)性帶來了極大的影響。本文針對對重-外緣系統(tǒng)氣壓瞬變、驅動系統(tǒng)柔性參數增益和轎廂系統(tǒng)彈性元件剛度調節(jié)對高速電梯所造成的平穩(wěn)性影響分別進行了分析,將基于耦合推廣正交算法用于高速電梯平穩(wěn)性參數優(yōu)選,優(yōu)化求解了高速電梯平穩(wěn)性參數。全文的主要內容如下：第一章首先綜述了高速電梯的發(fā)展趨勢,闡述了高速電梯氣動、振動所引起的平穩(wěn)性研究現(xiàn)狀和相關領域的參數優(yōu)化方法,然后給出了本文的研究背景、意義和主要內容。第二章研究了高速電梯在井道內的復雜氣動力變化,提出了基于對重-外緣系統(tǒng)氣壓瞬變的高速電梯平穩(wěn)性影響分析方法。建立了電梯轎廂-對重與井道的空氣動力學模型,分析不同橫向間距下電梯轎廂與對重間距所引起的瞬態(tài)氣動力(側向升力及氣動阻力)變化,設計了流線型導流罩,得出其相關參數變化對瞬態(tài)氣動力帶來的影響,為高速電梯平穩(wěn)性參數優(yōu)化提供了依據。第三章研究了高速電梯驅動系統(tǒng)振動對高速電梯平穩(wěn)性的影響,提出了基于驅動系統(tǒng)柔性參數增益的高速電梯平穩(wěn)性影響分析方法。通過對驅動系統(tǒng)的振動特性進行理論分析,考慮了驅動系統(tǒng)振動相關因素分析對電梯平穩(wěn)性產生的影響,然后對基于不同繩頭等效剛度及曳引橡膠墊等效剛度進行振動模擬仿真,分析相應的頻響及加速度位移,得出它們的變化對電梯平穩(wěn)性的影響。第四章研究了高速電梯轎廂振動對高速電梯平穩(wěn)性的影響,提出了基于轎廂系統(tǒng)彈性元件剛度調節(jié)的高速電梯平穩(wěn)性影響分析方法。建立了高速電梯的垂直振動及水平振動力學模型,通過模態(tài)分析得出對應振型,結合相關的垂直振動影響因素和水平振動影響因素,對不同轎底彈簧等效剛度系數和輪架導輪剛度系數進行振動仿真分析,得到轎廂系統(tǒng)彈性元件剛度系數的變化對電梯平穩(wěn)性所造成的影響。第五章提出了基于耦合推廣正交算法的電梯平穩(wěn)性參數優(yōu)化方法。利用正交試驗在解決單目標優(yōu)化問題中的優(yōu)勢,在高速電梯轎廂動力學參數耦合強度關系的推廣正交算法基礎上,用小生境演化繁殖后代實現(xiàn)多平穩(wěn)性性能指標優(yōu)化,以KLK2系列高速電梯為例,對高速電梯平穩(wěn)性優(yōu)化數學模型進行優(yōu)化求解。第六章,在總結了本文的研究內容和成果的基礎上,對今后的研究方向進行了展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of elevator in the direction of high lift and high speed, a series of problems, such as transient aerodynamic change caused by high speed movement, vibration of driving system, vibration of car and so on, have brought great influence on the stability of elevator. In this paper, the influence of pressure transient, flexible parameter gain of driving system and stiffness adjustment of elastic element of car system on the stability of high-speed elevator are analyzed, respectively. The coupled extended orthogonal algorithm is used to optimize the stability parameters of high-speed elevators, and the stability parameters of high-speed elevators are optimized. The main contents of this paper are as follows: in the first chapter, the development trend of high-speed elevator is summarized, and the research status and parameter optimization methods of aerodynamic and vibration-induced stationarity of high-speed elevator are described. Then, the research background of this paper is given. Meaning and main content. In the second chapter, the complex aerodynamic variation of the high-speed elevator in the wellbore is studied, and an analysis method of the stability of the high-speed elevator based on the transient air pressure on the gravity-outer edge system is proposed. The aerodynamic model of elevator car-counterweight and wellbore is established. The transient aerodynamic force (lateral lift and aerodynamic resistance) caused by different transverse spacing between elevator car and counterweight distance is analyzed, and the streamlined diversion hood is designed. The influence of the relevant parameters on the transient aerodynamic force is obtained, which provides the basis for the optimization of the stationary parameters of the high-speed elevator. In the third chapter, the influence of the vibration of high-speed elevator drive system on the stability of high-speed elevator is studied, and the method of analyzing the stability of high-speed elevator based on the flexible parameter gain of the drive system is proposed. Through the theoretical analysis of the vibration characteristics of the drive system, the influence of the vibration related factors of the drive system on the stability of the elevator is considered. Then the vibration simulation is carried out based on the equivalent stiffness of different rope heads and the equivalent stiffness of the traction rubber pad. The corresponding frequency response and acceleration displacement are analyzed and the influence of their changes on the stability of the elevator is obtained. In chapter 4, the influence of vibration of high-speed elevator car on the stability of high-speed elevator is studied, and the analysis method of the stability of high-speed elevator based on the stiffness adjustment of elastic element of car system is proposed. The dynamic models of vertical vibration and horizontal vibration of high-speed elevator are established. Through modal analysis, the corresponding vibration modes are obtained, combined with the related influencing factors of vertical vibration and horizontal vibration. The vibration simulation analysis of the equivalent stiffness coefficient of different car bottom spring and the stiffness coefficient of wheel frame guide wheel is carried out, and the influence of the change of stiffness coefficient of elastic element of car system on the stability of elevator is obtained. In chapter 5, the optimization method of elevator stationarity parameters based on coupled extended orthogonal algorithm is proposed. Using the advantage of orthogonal experiment in solving single objective optimization problem, based on the extended orthogonal algorithm of coupling strength relation of dynamic parameters in high-speed elevator car, the multi-stationarity performance index optimization is realized by breeding progeny with niche evolution. Taking KLK2 series high-speed elevator as an example, the optimization mathematical model of high-speed elevator stationarity is optimized. In the sixth chapter, on the basis of summarizing the research contents and achievements of this paper, the future research direction is prospected.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU857

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本文編號：2446760