【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代建筑技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,新型建筑結(jié)構(gòu)體系紛紛涌現(xiàn)。配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)體系,具有強(qiáng)度高、延性好、耗能能力強(qiáng)等與鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)相近的特性,又有工期短、用鋼量少、節(jié)省模板、減少墻面抹灰、增加使用面積等優(yōu)點(diǎn),符合我國倡導(dǎo)的節(jié)約型社會發(fā)展要求,因此該結(jié)構(gòu)體系的應(yīng)用前景非常廣泛。目前,針對百米級配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的試驗(yàn)研究和數(shù)值分析較少,環(huán)境激勵下的振動測試試驗(yàn)還未見報(bào)道,其中的一些科學(xué)與技術(shù)問題亟需解決。揭示此類結(jié)構(gòu)的動力特性和工作行為特征,對該體系的發(fā)展具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值�；谏鲜鲈�,論文對擬建的百米級配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)辦公樓示范工程,進(jìn)行了抗震性能試驗(yàn)研究和彈塑性數(shù)值模擬分析,并在建設(shè)過程中對不同高度的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了環(huán)境激勵下的動力性能測試,主要研究工作如下:(1)針對擬建百米級配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻高層建筑的特點(diǎn)和力學(xué)特性,設(shè)計(jì)并制作了一個1/4比例10層的配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻模型結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)行了地震模擬振動臺試驗(yàn)研究,探索大開間、大洞口、弱連梁、長周期高層結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞模式和動力響應(yīng)規(guī)律,為分析百米級配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)的地震反應(yīng)提供試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。探討了模型結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞模式、損傷狀態(tài)及動力響應(yīng)規(guī)律。從結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞過程可以看出,連梁端部首先出現(xiàn)裂縫,隨著地震動強(qiáng)度的增大,墻肢逐漸出現(xiàn)沿灰縫的水平裂縫,模型整體呈彎剪破壞模式,實(shí)現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)肢弱梁的多道抗震設(shè)防目標(biāo)。在8度罕遇地震作用下,結(jié)構(gòu)處于中等破壞狀態(tài)。試驗(yàn)研究表明,配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)具有較好的抗震能力和較強(qiáng)的變形能力。(2)揭示了配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻抗震機(jī)理,為進(jìn)行百米高層結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)值分析提供理論基礎(chǔ)。收集并整理了已完成的配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻擬靜力試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),探討了各參數(shù)對墻體骨架曲線形狀的影響,建立了剛度衰減方程,對比服從兩種不同概率分布的剛度損傷因子,并分析了剛度退化系數(shù)與位移角之間的關(guān)系。回歸了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化耗散能與位移之間關(guān)系,探討了等效粘滯阻尼比和功比指數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,給出墻體能量耗散系數(shù)和等效粘滯阻尼比的范圍。提出了適用于配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻的荷載-位移恢復(fù)力模型,能夠較好的模擬此種墻體滯回曲線嚴(yán)重的“捏攏”現(xiàn)象。(3)為實(shí)現(xiàn)在六度抗震設(shè)防區(qū)建設(shè)百米高層配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)辦公建筑,進(jìn)行了以下研究:基于ABAQUS有限元軟件中的INP建模方法,對試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ徒Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元模擬,灌芯砌體采用混凝土塑性損傷模型(簡稱CDP模型),將本文提出的剛度損傷因子帶入灌芯砌體受壓本構(gòu)模型。計(jì)算模型結(jié)構(gòu)的頻率、振型、加速度和位移時(shí)程曲線,數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測結(jié)果吻合較好,驗(yàn)證了有限元建模方法的正確性和所選材料本構(gòu)模型的準(zhǔn)確性。參照試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ徒Y(jié)構(gòu)的建模方法和材料模型,對百米高層結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了地震反應(yīng)分析,考察整體結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞模式和動力響應(yīng)。研究表明,百米高層結(jié)構(gòu)的側(cè)向剛度、扭轉(zhuǎn)比和剪重比均滿足規(guī)范要求,結(jié)構(gòu)弱軸方向連梁首先破壞,然后與之相鄰的窗下墻和窗側(cè)墻破壞,隨著地震動強(qiáng)度的增大,各層墻肢從下到上逐漸破壞,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多道抗震設(shè)防目標(biāo)。在8度罕遇地震作用下,各層的層間位移角均滿足規(guī)范要求,可見此百米高層結(jié)構(gòu)具有較好的抗震性能。(4)在百米高層建設(shè)階段,分別對完成建設(shè)的10層、18層和28層主體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了環(huán)境激勵下的振動測試試驗(yàn),并利用測試結(jié)果對有限元模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。采用基于頻域的峰值拾取法和基于時(shí)域的隨機(jī)子空間法,對整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了模態(tài)參數(shù)識別,得到了固有頻率和振型的變化規(guī)律。利用數(shù)值模擬方法,分別計(jì)算了結(jié)構(gòu)不同高度時(shí)的頻率和振型,計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)測結(jié)果吻合較好,驗(yàn)證了有限元建模方法的正確性和材料力學(xué)參數(shù)的準(zhǔn)確性。綜合上述研究成果可以得出,在地震區(qū)采用配筋砌塊砌體剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)體系建設(shè)百米級高層建筑是可行的,完成的百米高層辦公樓示范工程建設(shè),突破了我國規(guī)范中關(guān)于該結(jié)構(gòu)體系應(yīng)用高度的限值,為該體系向高層、超高層發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支撐,所得成果可為編制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern construction technology, the new building structure system has been emerging. the reinforced block masonry shear wall structure system has the advantages of high strength, good ductility, strong energy dissipation capacity and the like, The application prospect of the structure system is very wide, which is in accordance with the development requirements of the resource-saving society advocated by our country. At present, the experimental research and numerical analysis of the seismic performance of a 100-meter-grade reinforced block masonry shear wall structure are less, and the vibration test test under the environment excitation is not reported. Some of the scientific and technical problems need to be solved urgently. The dynamic characteristics and working behavior characteristics of such structures are revealed, and the development of the system is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value. Based on the above reasons, the paper has carried out the seismic performance test research and the elastic-plastic numerical simulation analysis for the proposed 100-meter-grade reinforced block masonry shear wall structural office building, and conducted the dynamic performance test under the environmental excitation for the structure of different heights in the construction process, The main research work is as follows: (1) According to the characteristics and mechanical characteristics of the proposed 100-meter-grade reinforced block masonry shear wall high-rise building, a 1/4-scale 10-layer reinforced block masonry shear wall model structure is designed and manufactured, The failure mode and dynamic response of the large-hole, weak-link beam and long-period high-rise structure are analyzed, and the experimental basis is provided for analyzing the seismic response of the multi-meter-level reinforced block masonry shear wall structure. The failure mode, damage state and dynamic response of the model are discussed. As can be seen from the process of the failure of the structure, the crack at the end of the connecting beam, with the increase of the ground vibration strength, the wall limb gradually appears along the horizontal crack of the grey joint, the whole of the model is in the bending-shear failure mode, and the multi-track anti-seismic fortification target of the strong-limb weak beam is realized. Under the action of 8-degree rare earthquake, the structure is in a medium-destructive state. The test results show that the reinforced block masonry shear wall structure has good anti-seismic ability and strong deformation capability. (2) The anti-seismic mechanism of the reinforced block masonry shear wall is revealed, and the theoretical basis is provided for the numerical analysis of the high-level structure. The static test data of the finished reinforced block masonry shear wall are collected and sorted, the influence of each parameter on the shape of the wall skeleton curve is discussed, the stiffness decay equation is established, and the stiffness damage factors which are subject to two different probability distributions are compared, The relationship between the stiffness degradation coefficient and the displacement angle is also analyzed. The relationship between the normalized dissipation energy and the displacement is regressed, the variation law of the equivalent viscous damping ratio and the power ratio index is discussed, and the range of the energy dissipation coefficient and the equivalent viscous damping ratio of the wall body is given. The load-displacement restoring force model for the reinforced block masonry shear wall is put forward, which can simulate the serious "knead" phenomenon of the hysteretic curve of the wall. (3) In order to realize the construction of a 100-meter high-rise building block masonry shear wall structure in the six-degree anti-seismic fortification region, the following research is carried out: based on the INP modeling method in the ABAQUS finite element software, the finite element simulation of the test model structure is carried out, In this paper, the concrete plastic damage model (CDP) is used in the core-filled masonry, and the stiffness damage factors presented in this paper are brought into the pressure constitutive model of the core-filled masonry. The frequency, the mode shape, the acceleration and the displacement time history curve of the model structure are calculated, and the numerical results are in good agreement with the measured results, and the correctness of the finite element modeling method and the accuracy of the selected material constitutive model are verified. With reference to the modeling method and material model of the test model structure, the seismic response analysis of the 100-meter high-level structure is carried out, and the failure mode and the dynamic response of the whole structure are investigated. The research shows that the lateral stiffness, the torsion ratio and the shear-weight ratio of the 100-meter high-rise structure meet the requirements of the specification, the structural weak-axis direction connecting beam is first broken, and then the adjacent window lower wall and the window-side wall are damaged, and the wall limbs of each layer are gradually damaged from the bottom to the bottom with the increase of the ground vibration intensity, And the multi-track anti-seismic fortification target is realized. Under the action of 8-degree rare earthquake, the inter-layer displacement angle of each layer meets the requirements of the specification, and it can be seen that the high-rise structure of the 100-meter has better anti-seismic performance. (4) At the construction stage of the 100-meter high-rise building, the vibration test is carried out on the 10,18 and 28-layer main structures, and the finite element model is validated by the test results. Based on the frequency-domain-based peak-pick-up method and the time-domain-based random subspace method, the modal parameter identification of the whole structure is carried out, and the law of the natural frequency and the vibration mode is obtained. The frequency and mode shapes at different heights of the structure are respectively calculated by means of the numerical simulation method. The results of the calculation are in good agreement with the measured results, and the correctness of the finite element modeling method and the accuracy of the material mechanics parameters are verified. Based on the above research results, it can be concluded that the construction of a 100-meter high-rise building with the reinforced block masonry shear wall structure system in the seismic region is feasible, and the completed 100-meter high-rise office building demonstration project construction has broken through the limit value of the application height of the structural system in our country's specifications, The system provides the foundation and technical support for the high-rise and super-high-rise development of the system, and the result can provide the scientific basis for the preparation of the standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU364;TU352.11
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本文編號：2440929