【摘要】：近年來(lái)我國(guó)東南沿海地區(qū)港口、核電站、物資儲(chǔ)備基地等國(guó)家重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施得到國(guó)家的大量投入建設(shè)。由于東南沿海地區(qū)在每年夏天季風(fēng)期均會(huì)遭遇臺(tái)風(fēng),這將對(duì)沿海防浪設(shè)施構(gòu)成威脅;另外隨著我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展,城市人口劇增,城市輸水隧道調(diào)水工程也相應(yīng)得到迅速發(fā)展,保證城市輸水工程運(yùn)營(yíng)安全對(duì)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定具有重要的意義。針對(duì)以往流體-結(jié)構(gòu)-土體系統(tǒng)分析時(shí)未考慮流-固動(dòng)態(tài)耦合以及由于計(jì)算機(jī)資源限制造成對(duì)計(jì)算模型過(guò)渡簡(jiǎn)化的問(wèn)題。本文基于超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)并面向海岸工程和隧道工程問(wèn)題,提出波浪沖擊問(wèn)題、水錘沖擊問(wèn)題和輸水隧道抗震問(wèn)題涉及的流體-結(jié)構(gòu)-土體動(dòng)力耦合系統(tǒng)數(shù)值建模和計(jì)算方法,同時(shí)針對(duì)該三種問(wèn)題分別提出數(shù)值造波方法、水錘模擬方法和土層Rayleigh阻尼參數(shù)校定方法,并展開(kāi)波浪沖擊防浪堤、關(guān)閥水錘和含水隧道地震三種不同形式的流體-結(jié)構(gòu)-土體動(dòng)力耦合問(wèn)題工程應(yīng)用分析,具體內(nèi)容包括:研究了防浪堤波浪沖擊問(wèn)題、輸水隧道水錘沖擊問(wèn)題和輸水隧道抗震問(wèn)題中流體-結(jié)構(gòu)-土體動(dòng)力耦合系統(tǒng)的數(shù)值建模和計(jì)算方法:采用ALE(Arbitrary Lagrange Euler)法和拉格朗日法分別描述流體域和固體域網(wǎng)格,并通過(guò)罰函數(shù)法建立流體-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合。采用基于分段搜索的面-面對(duì)稱雙向耦合接觸算法建立結(jié)構(gòu)-土體耦合。針對(duì)襯砌隧道拼裝結(jié)構(gòu),并引入正交各向異性材料來(lái)模擬襯砌隧道真實(shí)材料特性,采用混合建模方法實(shí)現(xiàn)整體結(jié)果和局部精細(xì)結(jié)果同時(shí)計(jì)算。針對(duì)彈塑性土層地震傳遞特性,控制了“低通效應(yīng)”造成的能量損失以及人工截?cái)噙吔缭斐傻恼`差。最后設(shè)計(jì)并通過(guò)波浪-局部直段防浪堤-土體耦合模型證實(shí)了一種具有較高計(jì)算效率的分區(qū)方法。研究了波浪-防浪堤結(jié)構(gòu)-土體耦合系統(tǒng)的建模理論和數(shù)值造波計(jì)算方法,并應(yīng)用于沿海某核電站一期工程防浪堤的加高加固設(shè)計(jì)。建立流體-堆石-護(hù)面結(jié)構(gòu)-擋浪墻結(jié)構(gòu)-填土三維精細(xì)有限元模型。首先通過(guò)物理模型試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證建模方法和計(jì)算參數(shù)的正確性,然后計(jì)算了防浪堤前后擋浪墻受波浪和漂浮物沖擊下的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)。研究了內(nèi)水-隧道結(jié)構(gòu)-土體耦合系統(tǒng)的建模理論和水錘模擬方法,并應(yīng)用于上海青草沙輸水隧道關(guān)閥水錘設(shè)計(jì)。建立了流體模型,隧道-工作井-變形縫模型,土體分層模型,并通過(guò)流-固耦合方法和動(dòng)態(tài)接觸方法建立耦合系統(tǒng)三維有限元模型。數(shù)值模擬了輸水隧道運(yùn)營(yíng)工況和水錘工況,并分析了混合模型下襯砌環(huán)水錘沖擊響應(yīng)。研究了內(nèi)水-隧道結(jié)構(gòu)-土體耦合系統(tǒng)的建模理論和土層Rayleigh阻尼參數(shù)校定方法,并應(yīng)用于上海青草沙輸水隧道抗震設(shè)計(jì)。建立了流體-隧道結(jié)構(gòu)-土層的三維有限元模型。分析了一致激勵(lì)下輸水隧道襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)位移、彎矩、應(yīng)力響應(yīng)結(jié)果以及襯砌環(huán)中環(huán)縫張開(kāi)量、螺栓應(yīng)力、管片應(yīng)力、直徑變形量響應(yīng)結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, ports, nuclear power plants and material reserve bases in southeast coastal areas of China have received a large amount of investment in the construction of national infrastructure. As the southeast coastal areas will be hit by typhoons during the summer monsoon, this will pose a threat to coastal anti-wave facilities; In addition, with the development of urbanization in our country, the urban population increases dramatically, and the water transfer project of urban water conveyance tunnel also gets rapid development. It is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of urban water conveyance project to the social stability. In the past, fluid-solid dynamic coupling was not considered in the analysis of fluid-structure-soil system, and the transition of the computational model was simplified due to the limitation of computer resources. Based on supercomputer and facing the problems of coastal engineering and tunnel engineering, the numerical modeling and calculation methods of fluid-structure-soil dynamic coupling system involved in wave impact problem, water hammer impact problem and seismic problem of water conveyance tunnel are presented in this paper. At the same time, the numerical wave-making method, the water hammer simulation method and the soil Rayleigh damping parameter calibration method are proposed to solve the three problems, and the wave impact breakwater is developed. Three different types of fluid-structure-soil dynamic coupling problems in water hammer and water-bearing tunnel earthquake are analyzed in engineering application. The main contents are as follows: the wave impact problem of breakwater is studied. Numerical modeling and calculation method of fluid-structure-soil dynamic coupling system in water hammer impact problem and seismic problem of water conveyance tunnel: ALE (Arbitrary Lagrange Euler) method and Lagrangian method are used to describe the grid of fluid domain and solid domain, respectively. The fluid-structure coupling is established by penalty function method. The structure-soil coupling algorithm based on piecewise search is used to establish the structure-soil coupling. For the lining tunnel assembly structure, the orthotropic material is introduced to simulate the real material characteristics of the lining tunnel. The hybrid modeling method is used to calculate the overall and local fine results simultaneously. The energy loss caused by "low-pass effect" and the error caused by artificial truncation are controlled according to the seismic transmission characteristics of elasto-plastic soil layer. Finally, a partition method with high computational efficiency is designed and verified by the wave-local breakwater-soil coupling model. The modeling theory and numerical wave-making method of wave-breakwater structure-soil coupling system are studied and applied to the design of the elevation and reinforcement of the breakwater in the first phase of a coastal nuclear power station. A three-dimensional fine finite element model of fluid-rockfill-protective structure-wave retaining wall structure-fill-in is established. First, the correctness of the modeling method and calculation parameters is verified by physical model test, and then the dynamic response of the wave retaining wall before and after the breakwater is calculated under the impact of waves and floating objects. The modeling theory and water hammer simulation method of the internal water-tunnel structure-soil coupling system are studied and applied to the design of the water hammer of Shanghai Qingcaosha Water Transmission Tunnel. The fluid model, tunnel-working well-deformation joint model and layered soil model are established. The three-dimensional finite element model of the coupling system is established by the fluid-solid coupling method and the dynamic contact method. The operation conditions and water hammer conditions of the water conveyance tunnel are numerically simulated, and the impact response of the ring water hammer under the mixed model is analyzed. The modeling theory of internal water-tunnel structure-soil coupling system and the calibration method of soil Rayleigh damping parameters are studied and applied to the seismic design of Qingcaosha Water Transmission Tunnel in Shanghai. A three-dimensional finite element model of fluid-tunnel structure-soil layer is established. In this paper, the displacement, bending moment, stress response results of the tunnel lining under uniform excitation are analyzed, and the response results of ring joint opening, bolt stress, segment stress and diameter deformation of the lining are also analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU991

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