【摘要】：熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)作為一種新型高效的建筑冷熱源方案,具有很大的應(yīng)用前景。然而,熱源塔冬季運(yùn)行時(shí),當(dāng)塔內(nèi)空氣側(cè)的水蒸氣分壓力大于溶液側(cè)的水蒸氣分壓力,空氣中的水分會(huì)進(jìn)入溶液,導(dǎo)致溶液冰點(diǎn)上升,影響系統(tǒng)安全運(yùn)行。為保證溶液濃度,目前大多采用加投溶質(zhì)或溶液再生的方法,但這將增加能耗和成本,同時(shí)影響機(jī)組效率。針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題,本文提出了一種具有預(yù)凝功能的新型熱源塔結(jié)構(gòu)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱預(yù)凝熱源塔),并采用模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)其特性與優(yōu)化進(jìn)行了較深入的研究：建立了預(yù)凝盤(pán)管和橫流熱源塔的數(shù)學(xué)模型,從而構(gòu)建了預(yù)凝熱源塔的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對(duì)比研究了預(yù)凝熱源塔與普通熱源塔傳熱傳質(zhì)特性隨環(huán)境濕度、進(jìn)口溶液溫度、溶液流量和空氣流量等參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律。研究表明,在相同運(yùn)行參數(shù)下,預(yù)凝熱源塔相比普通熱源塔具有更強(qiáng)的換熱特性和更弱的吸濕特性(或更強(qiáng)的再生能力),更能有效緩解塔內(nèi)溶液吸濕問(wèn)題。隨著環(huán)境濕度的降低和進(jìn)口溶液溫度的升高,兩者換熱量和吸濕量均隨之減小。而隨著溶液流量和空氣流量的增加,兩者的換熱量都隨之增加,而吸濕量的變化與所處的環(huán)境條件相關(guān)。當(dāng)環(huán)境濕度較高時(shí),減少溶液流量和空氣流量有助于減少溶液吸濕量,當(dāng)環(huán)境濕度較低,溶液處于再生工況時(shí),適當(dāng)提高空氣流量有助于溶液再生。建立了熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,在相同供熱負(fù)荷下,對(duì)比研究了預(yù)凝熱源塔與普通熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)的機(jī)組性能和溶液吸濕特性隨環(huán)境溫、濕度的變化規(guī)律。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中,隨著環(huán)境溫度或濕度的提高,兩者機(jī)組COP和吸濕量都隨之增大,而采用預(yù)凝熱源塔,在相同工況下,對(duì)機(jī)組性能略有提高,但對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的溶液吸濕有明顯減弱。搭建了預(yù)凝熱源塔實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)比研究了預(yù)凝熱源塔與普通熱源塔在不同進(jìn)口溶液溫度、溶液流量和空氣流量下的運(yùn)行特性,對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了很好的驗(yàn)證。對(duì)比研究了兩者在系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中的機(jī)組性能及溶液吸濕特性,結(jié)果表明預(yù)凝熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)的供熱能力和機(jī)組COP都要略優(yōu)于普通熱源塔,但對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的溶液吸濕有明顯的減弱。
[Abstract]:Heat source tower heat pump system, as a new and efficient building heat and cold source scheme, has a great application prospect. However, when the water vapor partial pressure on the air side of the tower is greater than the water vapor partial pressure on the solution side in winter, the moisture in the air will enter the solution, which will cause the freezing point of the solution to rise and affect the safe operation of the system. In order to ensure the concentration of the solution, most of the methods of solute addition or solution regeneration are adopted, but this will increase the energy consumption and cost, and affect the efficiency of the unit at the same time. In order to solve this problem, a new type of heat source tower with precoagulating function is proposed in this paper, and the method of combining simulation with experiment is adopted. In this paper, the characteristics and optimization of the precondensed heat source tower are studied. The mathematical models of the precondensing coil tube and the cross flow heat source tower are established, and the mathematical model of the precondensed heat source tower is constructed. The heat and mass transfer characteristics of precondensed heat source tower and common heat source tower are compared and studied with the change of environmental humidity, inlet solution temperature, solution flow rate and air flow rate. The results show that the precondensed heat source tower has stronger heat transfer characteristics and weaker moisture absorption characteristics (or stronger regeneration ability) than the common heat source tower under the same operating parameters, and it can effectively alleviate the problem of solution moisture absorption in the tower. With the decrease of environmental humidity and the increase of inlet temperature, both heat transfer and moisture absorption decreased. With the increase of solution flow rate and air flow rate, the heat transfer of both increases, and the change of moisture absorption is related to the environmental conditions. When the environmental humidity is high, reducing the flow rate of solution and air flow will help to reduce the amount of moisture absorption of the solution. When the environmental humidity is low and the solution is in the condition of regeneration, properly increasing the air flow rate will contribute to the regeneration of the solution. The mathematical model of heat source tower heat pump system is established. Under the same heating load, the performance of precondensed heat source tower and that of common heat source tower heat pump system are compared. With the increase of ambient temperature or humidity, the COP and moisture absorption of the two units increase, while the performance of the unit is slightly improved under the same operating conditions with the precondensing heat source tower, but the moisture absorption of the solution in the system is obviously weakened. The operating characteristics of precondensed heat source tower and common heat source tower under different inlet solution temperature, solution flow rate and air flow rate were studied. The simulation results were well verified. The performance of the units and the solution moisture absorption characteristics in the system operation are compared. The results show that the heat supply capacity and the unit COP of the pre-condensed heat source tower heat pump system are slightly better than those of the common heat source tower, but the moisture absorption of the solution in the system is obviously weakened.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU83

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