【摘要】：在基于中國特色養(yǎng)老的時代背景下,論文通過對現(xiàn)有老年社區(qū)戶外環(huán)境的分析和研究,總結(jié)出適合老年人居住的戶外環(huán)境設(shè)計經(jīng)驗,并提出有中國特色的新型“原居安老”社區(qū)的理念。即小區(qū)的主體是老人,但在戶外環(huán)境設(shè)計中要更全面的滿足社區(qū)居民的需要,兼顧老年人的社會責任和子女的孝道。論文結(jié)合社會學,心理學,環(huán)境行為學以及景觀設(shè)計學等相關(guān)學科的研究理論進行新型“原居安老”社區(qū)戶外環(huán)境的設(shè)計研究。希望為營造有中國特色的、符合老年人生活習慣的高品質(zhì)戶外環(huán)境和未來中國式養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的發(fā)展提供一些新的方向。隨著中國老年人口的不斷增加,我國也開始制定一系列的政策和法規(guī)保護老年人的根本利益,使老年人能夠有更加健康方便的老年生活。因而與老年人相關(guān)的各項研究得到了長足的發(fā)展,各方部門都在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域進行了積極的努力和研究。在設(shè)計方面,響應(yīng)國家號召,無障礙設(shè)計的浪潮也在各個設(shè)計領(lǐng)域逐漸鋪開。無障礙產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的廣泛應(yīng)用和標示系統(tǒng)的無障礙設(shè)計都逐漸的興起和完善起來了。在適宜老年人居住的建筑方面,在一代代設(shè)計師的不斷努力之下,已經(jīng)形成了約定俗成的規(guī)范和方法。但大多數(shù)研究集中在老年人生活模式分析,“適老性”住宅以及老年社區(qū)規(guī)劃等方面。在“適老性”室外環(huán)境設(shè)計中還有很長的一段路要走,其中對老年人及其兒孫需求的研究尤其不足,在設(shè)計上缺乏有特色的深入研究,相關(guān)的景觀設(shè)計要素還沒有形成一定的規(guī)范和理論。因而論文的課題研究就顯得尤為重要了,論文希望為新型“原居安老”社區(qū)戶外環(huán)境設(shè)計的未來發(fā)展打下一定理論基礎(chǔ)。本文通過文獻研究法,應(yīng)用多學科理論方法,結(jié)合案例分析法進行研究,通過對現(xiàn)有國內(nèi)外老年社區(qū)戶外環(huán)境設(shè)計的分析,總結(jié)出當前老年居住區(qū)戶外環(huán)境設(shè)計的優(yōu)點和不足,最終提出適合于中國特色養(yǎng)老模式的新型“原居安老”社區(qū)戶外環(huán)境的設(shè)計觀點。在社會背景和研究現(xiàn)狀綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,論文將以需求分析為起點,梳理相應(yīng)的設(shè)計理論基礎(chǔ)、設(shè)計原則和設(shè)計依據(jù),進而展開對新型“原居安老”社區(qū)的戶外環(huán)境規(guī)劃設(shè)計以及景觀設(shè)計的研究和分析,最后總結(jié)主要結(jié)論和對未來研究的展望。
[Abstract]:Based on the background of Chinese characteristics, the paper summarizes the experience of outdoor environment design for the elderly through the analysis and research of the existing outdoor environment in the elderly community. And put forward a new type of Chinese characteristics of the "old people in the original" concept of the community. That is, the main body of the community is the elderly, but in the outdoor environment design to meet the needs of community residents more comprehensively, taking into account the social responsibility of the elderly and filial piety of children. Based on the theories of sociology, psychology, environmental behavior, landscape design and so on, this paper studies the outdoor environment design of the community. It is hoped that it will provide some new directions for the construction of a high-quality outdoor environment with Chinese characteristics and in line with the living habits of the elderly and for the future development of the Chinese old-age community. With the continuous increase of the elderly population in China, China has also begun to formulate a series of policies and regulations to protect the fundamental interests of the elderly, so that the elderly can have a more healthy and convenient elderly life. As a result, various researches related to the elderly have made great progress, and various departments have made active efforts and research in related fields. In design, in response to the call of the country, the tide of barrier-free design is gradually spreading in various design fields. The wide application of barrier-free product design and the barrier-free design of marking system are gradually rising and perfecting. In the aspect of building suitable for the elderly, with the continuous efforts of generations of designers, established norms and methods have been formed. However, most of the studies focused on the analysis of the elderly's life style, the "aging" housing and the community planning for the elderly. There is still a long way to go in the outdoor environmental design of "fit for the aged", among which the research on the needs of the elderly and their children and grandchildren is particularly inadequate, and there is a lack of special and in-depth research on the design. Relevant landscape design elements have not formed a certain standard and theory. Therefore, the research of this paper is particularly important, and the thesis hopes to lay a theoretical foundation for the future development of the outdoor environment design of the new type of "original Ju'an Lao" community. In this paper, through the literature research method, applying the multi-disciplinary theory method, combining the case analysis method to carry on the research, through the analysis to the existing old people community outdoor environment design at home and abroad, summarizes the present old age residential area outdoor environment design merit and the insufficiency. Finally, the paper puts forward the design view of the outdoor environment of the new "original Ju'an Lao" community, which is suitable for the pension mode with Chinese characteristics. Based on the summary of the social background and the current research situation, the paper will take the demand analysis as the starting point, combing the corresponding design theory foundation, the design principle and the design basis. Then, the research and analysis of outdoor environment planning and landscape design of the new "old and old" community are carried out. Finally, the main conclusions and prospects for future research are summarized.
【學位授予單位】：魯迅美術(shù)學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.12

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