【摘要】：經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和建筑業(yè)的不斷進步使得電梯成為人們生產(chǎn)和生活中不可或缺的交通工具。電梯伴隨著科技和工業(yè)的進步走過了一百多年的發(fā)展歷程,2009年電梯被國務(wù)院列為“高耗能特種設(shè)備”,電梯的能耗狀況從此進入人們的視野并逐漸受到廣泛的關(guān)注。近年來,電梯的發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)高速化、智能化、群控化的趨勢,大型寫字樓中多臺電梯并聯(lián)運行的情況越來越多,而電梯群在并聯(lián)群控后的節(jié)能效果就成了評價電梯群控算法優(yōu)劣的重要指標(biāo)。針對上述情況,筆者分析了曳引式電梯的結(jié)構(gòu)原理以及能耗組成,建立了一套計算高速群控電梯系統(tǒng)能耗的方法,為電梯群控系統(tǒng)性能測試平臺提供了電梯運行能耗與運行時間的計算方案。其主要研究過程與內(nèi)容如下：首先,本文在回顧和總結(jié)電梯能耗研究的研究現(xiàn)狀和不足的前提下,通過分析常見曳引式電梯的工作原理,研究了電梯在不同工作狀態(tài)下所具有的“四象限”運行特性；分析電梯工作和待機時的用電情況,闡明了電梯能耗的構(gòu)成及其影響因素。其次,通過歸納電梯運行時各運動部件的運動情況,建立了電梯運行時的瞬時功率公式。公式建立了電梯瞬時功率與運行速度的關(guān)系,包含了電梯運行時全部機械能與阻力產(chǎn)生的熱量。本文分別利用建立數(shù)學(xué)模型的方法和CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)數(shù)值模擬的方法分別計算了導(dǎo)靴與導(dǎo)軌摩擦阻力能耗以及轎廂在井道中的空氣阻力能耗。最后,通過實例結(jié)合電梯瞬時功率公式,利用MATLAB軟件仿真計算一部電梯在各種工況(不同負(fù)載／運行距離)下的能耗,并通過與實驗數(shù)據(jù)的對比驗證了本文的能耗計算方法的合理性與可行性,在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)電梯群控系統(tǒng)性能測試平臺的原理和特點,給出了多臺電梯群控并聯(lián)狀態(tài)下的能耗計算方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the continuous progress of the construction industry, elevators have become an indispensable vehicle for people to produce and live. With the development of science, technology and industry, elevators have been developed for more than one hundred years. In 2009, elevators were listed as "special equipment for high energy consumption" by the State Council. The energy consumption of elevators has since entered people's field of vision and gradually received extensive attention. In recent years, the development of elevator presents the trend of high speed, intelligence and group control, and there are more and more cases of parallel operation of many elevators in large office buildings. The energy saving effect of elevator group after parallel group control is an important index to evaluate elevator group control algorithm. In view of the above situation, the author analyzes the structure principle and energy consumption composition of traction elevator, and establishes a method to calculate the energy consumption of high speed group control elevator system. The calculation scheme of energy consumption and running time for elevator group control system performance test platform is provided. The main research process and contents are as follows: first, this paper reviews and summarizes the research status and shortcomings of elevator energy consumption research, through the analysis of common traction elevator working principle, The "four-quadrant" operation characteristics of elevators in different working conditions are studied. This paper analyzes the power consumption of elevators while working and standby, and expounds the composition of elevator energy consumption and its influencing factors. Secondly, the instantaneous power formula is established by inducting the movement of the moving parts during the elevator operation. The relation between the instantaneous power and the running speed of the elevator is established, which includes all the heat produced by the mechanical energy and the resistance when the elevator is in operation. In this paper, the energy consumption of friction resistance between guide shoe and guideway and the energy consumption of air resistance of car in shaft are calculated by the method of mathematical model and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation, respectively. Finally, the energy consumption of an elevator under various working conditions (different load / running distance) is simulated and calculated by using MATLAB software through an example combining with the instantaneous power formula of the elevator. The rationality and feasibility of the energy consumption calculation method are verified by comparing with the experimental data. On this basis, according to the principle and characteristics of the elevator group control system performance test platform, In this paper, the energy consumption calculation scheme of multiple elevators in group control parallel state is presented.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU857

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