【摘要】：截至2013年,中國已有75個(gè)飲用水廠采用臭氧-生物活性炭工藝對水進(jìn)行深度處理。然而,在臭氧接觸池的設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行中,普遍存在臭氧總投加量和三段式臭氧投加比確定不合理的問題。因此,研究基于臭氧接觸池的臭氧接觸氧化模型,對臭氧接觸池中臭氧的傳質(zhì)和反應(yīng)進(jìn)行模擬,具有重要的實(shí)際意義。本文建立了基于鼓泡柱的臭氧接觸氧化模型,并通過研究臭氧在地下水和腐殖酸配水中的傳質(zhì)和氧化效果對模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了基于臭氧接觸池的臭氧接觸氧化模型,并提出了優(yōu)化臭氧投加比和總臭氧投加量的方法。研究表明:(1)基于雙膜理論和臭氧反應(yīng)動力學(xué),分別在臭氧降解為一級反應(yīng)和非一級反應(yīng)兩種情況下,建立了臭氧接觸傳質(zhì)模型。當(dāng)反應(yīng)符合一級反應(yīng)時(shí),得到了模型的解析解;當(dāng)反應(yīng)不符合一級反應(yīng)時(shí),分別基于有機(jī)物消耗和臭氧消耗,得到了模型的數(shù)值解。(2)分別以地下水和腐殖酸配水作為水源,對該模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明,以地下水作為水源時(shí),該模型能準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測出水液相臭氧濃度和尾氣臭氧濃度,誤差不超過20%;出水液相臭氧濃度隨著進(jìn)氣濃度、進(jìn)氣流量和水深的增加而增加,隨著進(jìn)水流量的增加而減少,在相同條件下逆向流比同向流傳質(zhì)效率更高。當(dāng)以腐殖酸配水為水源時(shí),臭氧的降解過程不符合一級反應(yīng)動力學(xué)。此時(shí),若以基于臭氧消耗的臭氧反應(yīng)動力學(xué)模型對臭氧消耗曲線進(jìn)行擬合,其中的臭氧反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)和臭氧消耗量之間呈指數(shù)關(guān)系,此時(shí)對不同臭氧投加量下出水液相臭氧濃度進(jìn)行擬合,擬合效果較好,誤差小于18%。(3)建立了基于臭氧接觸池的臭氧傳質(zhì)氧化模型,并分析了其靈敏度。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對臭氧接觸池進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。此時(shí),需要首先在某一個(gè)臭氧總投加量下,根據(jù)臭氧利用率最高,確定三段的臭氧投加比。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)出水中余臭氧濃度調(diào)整總臭氧投加量。結(jié)果顯示,對于三種不同性質(zhì)的水,隨著水質(zhì)消耗臭氧速率從慢到快,其臭氧投加比分別為7:3:0,4:4:2和4:3:3,總臭氧投加量分別為0.9~1.1 mg/L,1.1~1.3 mg/L和1.5~1.7 mg/L。在本文中,通過測定某水質(zhì)的臭氧衰減曲線,可以確定臭氧接觸池總臭氧投加量和三段式臭氧投加比,對水廠的臭氧接觸池優(yōu)化運(yùn)行具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:As of 2013, 75 drinking water plants in China have adopted ozone-biological activated carbon (BAC) process for advanced treatment of water. However, in the design and operation of the ozone contact tank, the problems of the total ozone dosing and the determination of the three-stage ozone dosing ratio are generally unreasonable. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the ozone contact oxidation model based on the ozone contact tank and to simulate the mass transfer and reaction of ozone in the ozone contact tank. In this paper, a model of ozone contact oxidation based on bubbling column is established, and the model is verified by studying the mass transfer and oxidation effect of ozone in groundwater and humic acid mixed water. On this basis, the ozone contact oxidation model based on the ozone contact tank is established, and the method of optimizing the ozone dosing ratio and the total ozone dosage is put forward. The results show that: (1) based on the dual-membrane theory and ozone reaction kinetics, the ozone contact mass transfer model is established under the condition that ozone degradation is first order reaction and non-first-order reaction, respectively. When the reaction accords with the first-order reaction, the analytical solution of the model is obtained. When the reaction is not in accordance with the first-order reaction, the numerical solution of the model is obtained based on the depletion of organic matter and ozone consumption, respectively. (2) the groundwater and humic acid are used as the source of water, respectively, and the model is verified. The results show that the model can accurately predict the ozone concentration in the effluent liquid phase and the ozone concentration in the tail gas when the groundwater is used as the water source, and the error is less than 20%. The ozone concentration in the effluent increases with the increase of inlet air concentration, inlet air flow rate and water depth, and decreases with the increase of influent flow rate. Under the same conditions, the reverse flow is more efficient than that of the same flow. When humic acid is used as the source of water, the degradation of ozone does not conform to the first-order reaction kinetics. In this case, if the ozone depletion curve is fitted with a kinetic model of ozone reaction based on ozone depletion, there is an exponential relationship between the ozone reaction rate constant and the ozone consumption. At this time, the ozone concentration of effluent liquid phase under different ozone dosages is fitted, and the fitting effect is better, and the error is less than 18. (3) the ozone mass transfer oxidation model based on ozone contact tank is established and its sensitivity is analyzed. On this basis, the ozone contact tank was optimized. At this time, it is necessary to first determine the ozone dosing ratio of the three stages according to the highest ozone utilization under a certain total ozone dosage. On this basis, the total ozone dosage is adjusted according to the residual ozone concentration in the effluent. The results show that with the ozone depletion rate of water from slow to fast, the ozone dosing ratio is 7: 3: 0, 4: 4: 2 and 4: 3: 3, respectively, and the total ozone dosage is 0.9% 1.1 mg/L,. 1.1 1. 3 mg/L and 1. 5 1. 7 mg/L. In this paper, by measuring the ozone attenuation curve of a certain water quality, the total ozone dosage and the three-stage ozone dosing ratio of the ozone contact tank can be determined, which has certain guiding significance for the optimal operation of the ozone contact tank in the water plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU991.2

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