【摘要】：《武漢城市圈低能耗居住建筑設計標準》實施以來，，湖北省居住建筑的室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境及建筑能耗有了明顯的改善。隨著社會的發(fā)展，國家對建筑節(jié)能的要求不斷提高，2013年我省頒布了新的節(jié)能標準《低能耗居住建筑節(jié)能設計標準》，該標準提出了我省居住建筑節(jié)能65%的目標，其中圍護結(jié)構(gòu)承擔的節(jié)能率為32.5%。 論文選取我省武漢市居住建筑為研究對象，首先利用能耗模擬軟件DeST-h對影響居住建筑能耗因素進行了理論分析。分析結(jié)果表明：湖北省既有居住建筑外墻保溫材料（EPS板）的最大厚度不能超過60mm，當EPS板的厚度大于60mm時，居住建筑節(jié)能率不再隨傳熱系數(shù)的變化而變化，而且還會增加初投資費用（EPS板費用）；圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的保溫效果對建筑的空調(diào)能耗影響較小，對采暖能耗影響較大；南向外墻最佳窗墻比為0.3，北向外墻最佳窗墻比為0.2；當建筑物的體形系數(shù)S小于0.4時，S每增加0.01，居住建筑的全年空調(diào)、采暖能耗增加率分別為0.6%-2.08%、0.72%-2.11%。 同時，在武漢市建立兩個對比實驗室，于2014年分別進行冬夏季對比性實驗。實驗結(jié)果表明：在冬季，節(jié)能實驗室在空調(diào)設定參數(shù)為18℃時的平均節(jié)能率為26.46%；在夏季，節(jié)能實驗室在空調(diào)設定參數(shù)為26℃時的平均節(jié)能率為7.3%。 對比兩實驗室的室內(nèi)溫度及圍護結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)外壁面溫度，得出外墻內(nèi)保溫系統(tǒng)和中空玻璃對提高室內(nèi)熱舒適性、降低建筑能耗和提高采暖空調(diào)設備的效率效果顯著。 利用DeST-h軟件分別模擬出兩實驗室的冬夏季模擬能耗，計算出模擬節(jié)能率，對比模擬節(jié)能率與實驗節(jié)能率，結(jié)果表明冬（夏）季二者的平均差異率為11.73%（10.33%），從而驗證了能耗模擬軟件DeST-h對冬夏季模擬計算的正確性與可靠性。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the "Design Standard for low Energy consumption Residential buildings in Wuhan City Circle", the indoor thermal environment and building energy consumption of residential buildings in Hubei Province have been obviously improved. With the development of society, the requirements of building energy conservation are raised. In 2013, a new energy saving standard, Energy Saving Design Standard for low Energy consumption Residential buildings, was promulgated in our province, which puts forward the goal of saving energy by 65% in residential buildings in our province. The energy saving rate of the envelope structure is 32.5%. This paper selects the residential buildings in Wuhan as the research object. Firstly, the factors affecting the energy consumption of residential buildings are analyzed theoretically by using the energy consumption simulation software DeST-h. The results show that the maximum thickness of thermal insulation material (EPS) for existing residential buildings in Hubei Province cannot exceed 60 mm. When the thickness of EPS plate is greater than that of 60mm, the energy saving rate of residential buildings will no longer change with the change of heat transfer coefficient. It also increases the initial investment cost (EPS board cost), the insulation effect of the envelope structure has little effect on the air conditioning energy consumption of the building, and has a great influence on the heating energy consumption, the best window wall ratio of the south wall is 0.3, the best window wall ratio of the north wall is 0.2; When the building shape coefficient S is less than 0.4, the heating energy consumption increase rate is 0.6-2.080.72% -2.11 for each increase of S 0.01. At the same time, two contrast laboratories were set up in Wuhan, and the comparative experiments in winter and summer were carried out in 2014. The results show that in winter, the average energy saving rate of energy-saving laboratory is 26.46 when the air conditioning parameter is 18 鈩

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