【摘要】：中國優(yōu)秀的城市風景營造傳統(tǒng)與其對應(yīng)的傳統(tǒng)文化一樣,強調(diào)整體觀。通過人為的營建活動,結(jié)合自然山水環(huán)境的有利條件,創(chuàng)造適宜人居的、外同自然相協(xié)調(diào)、內(nèi)含中國文化精神追求的環(huán)境,最終達到“天人合一”的境界。因此深入挖掘中國優(yōu)秀的城市風景營造傳統(tǒng),對今后的城市建設(shè)具有頗為重要的指導意義。大同市位于山西省北部大同盆地中心,黃土高原東北邊緣,素有“三代京華,兩朝重鎮(zhèn)”之稱,是國務(wù)院首批公布的歷史文化名城之一。自2008年以來,大同市開始進行古城復(fù)原保護計劃,在還原明代大同府城風貌的同時,更值得我們思考的是如何做到不僅形似且更能抓住我國古代城市風景營造的“靈魂”。本課題旨在探索古代大同城市風景營造中所蘊含的人文思想和歷史經(jīng)驗,以緩解現(xiàn)今城市建設(shè)與城市風景營造的脫節(jié)。論文在分析古代大同區(qū)位特征、自然山水環(huán)境、政治歷史及社會經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)上,對古代大同城市建設(shè)的進程進行了整理,基本理清了秦漢建縣之始的城市建設(shè)、北魏鮮卑族統(tǒng)治下的都城建設(shè)、遼金契丹族統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下的陪都建設(shè)以及明清作為九邊重鎮(zhèn)的府城建設(shè),這四個階段城市建設(shè)的基本概況。在此基礎(chǔ)上,從選址、軸線、山水格局、城市布局、人工與自然相結(jié)合的風景體系、重要空間節(jié)點等方面,論述古代大同的城市風景營造特點,并總結(jié)出由山水環(huán)境形成的區(qū)域圈層、由城市空間格局形成的城市圈層、由重要節(jié)點空間形成的片區(qū)圈層,圈層之間共同影響并作用于城市風景的形成,為理解古代大同城市風景體系提供了整體性認識。最后文章梳理了現(xiàn)代大同城市風景營造的現(xiàn)狀,列舉出其中存在的問題,提出對歷史經(jīng)驗的借鑒策略。
[Abstract]:China's excellent urban landscape construction tradition and its corresponding traditional culture, emphasizing the holistic view. Through the artificial construction activities and the favorable conditions of the natural landscape environment, we can create an environment suitable for human settlement, coordinate with the nature, and contain the environment pursued by the Chinese cultural spirit, and finally achieve the state of "the unity of nature and man". Therefore, it is of great significance to excavate the tradition of Chinese excellent urban landscape construction in the future. Datong City is located in the center of Datong Basin in the north of Shanxi Province, on the northeast edge of the Loess Plateau, known as "three generations of Beijing, two important towns", is one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. Since 2008, Datong City began to carry out the restoration and protection plan of ancient city. While restoring the style and features of Datong Fucheng in Ming Dynasty, it is worth thinking more about how to not only resemble but also grasp the "soul" of ancient urban landscape construction in China. The purpose of this paper is to explore the humanistic thought and historical experience contained in the urban landscape construction of ancient Datong in order to alleviate the disconnection between urban construction and urban landscape construction. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of ancient Datong district, natural landscape environment, political history and social economy, the paper sorted out the process of ancient Datong city construction, and basically clarified the city construction at the beginning of Qin and Han dynasties. The capital construction under the rule of the Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the capital construction under the leadership of the Qidan nationality in Liao Jin, and the Fucheng construction in the Ming and Qing dynasties as the important town of the Nine sides, the basic general situation of the four stages of urban construction. On this basis, from the aspects of site selection, axis, landscape pattern, urban layout, landscape system combined with nature, important space node and so on, this paper discusses the characteristics of urban landscape construction in ancient Datong. And summarizes the regional circle formed by the landscape environment, the urban circle formed by the urban space pattern, the slice area circle formed by the important node space, and the influence and the action of the circle in the formation of the city landscape. In order to understand the ancient city landscape system of Datong to provide a holistic understanding. Finally, the article combs the present situation of modern Datong city landscape construction, enumerates the existing problems, and puts forward the reference strategy to the historical experience.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.1

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