【摘要】：集料附含泥會(huì)降低聚羧酸減水劑的減水分散性能,其中集料附含粘土是泥中對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑負(fù)效應(yīng)最顯著的組分。粘土吸附聚羧酸減水劑使得對(duì)水泥起分散作用的有效聚羧酸減水劑減少和粘土吸附拌合水使得提供漿體流動(dòng)的自由水減少是粘土影響摻聚羧酸減水劑水泥凈漿、砂漿和混凝土工作性能的主要原因。不同種類的粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑的影響程度不同,吸附能力和膨脹能力強(qiáng)的蒙脫土較伊利土和高嶺土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑的負(fù)效應(yīng)更大。目前針對(duì)粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑負(fù)效應(yīng)抑制措施的研究還處于起步階段,還沒有一種普遍適用的解決辦法。本文從“釋放粘土吸附的拌合水”、“選取吸附能力強(qiáng)的添加劑優(yōu)先被粘土吸附從而減少粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑的吸附”和“防止粘土膨脹以減少對(duì)拌合水和聚羧酸減水劑的吸附”三個(gè)方面考慮,選取了幾種陶瓷減水劑、粘土吸附劑和粘土防膨劑作為添加劑與聚羧酸減水劑復(fù)配使用,通過(guò)宏觀試驗(yàn)研究了添加劑的抑制效果和微觀試驗(yàn)探討了添加劑的抑制機(jī)理,以期為解決粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑的負(fù)效應(yīng)提供一些思路。研究了三聚磷酸鈉、聚乙二醇-4000、亞甲基藍(lán)、三甲基十六烷基溴化銨和KCl五種添加劑摻量對(duì)摻聚羧酸減水劑含粘土(鈉基蒙脫土、鈣基蒙脫土、伊利土和高嶺土)水泥凈漿流動(dòng)度的影響,結(jié)果表明,三聚磷酸鈉和亞甲基藍(lán)抑制粘土對(duì)摻聚羧酸減水劑水泥凈漿流動(dòng)度負(fù)效應(yīng)的效果不明顯,聚乙二醇-4000、三甲基十六烷基溴化銨和KCl在合適摻量范圍內(nèi)能夠一定程度上提高摻聚羧酸減水劑含粘土水泥凈漿的流動(dòng)度,并且三種添加劑對(duì)鈉基蒙脫土和鈣基蒙脫土的抑制效果較對(duì)伊利土和高嶺土好。根據(jù)水泥凈漿試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,選取了對(duì)蒙脫土抑制效果較好的聚乙二醇-4000、三甲基十六烷基溴化銨和KCl三種添加劑,研究了其摻量對(duì)摻聚羧酸減水劑含蒙脫土砂漿擴(kuò)展度和強(qiáng)度的影響,結(jié)果表明,聚乙二醇-4000和三甲基十六烷基溴化銨單摻時(shí)對(duì)摻聚羧酸減水劑含蒙脫土砂漿擴(kuò)展度提高幅度較KCl單摻時(shí)大,聚乙二醇-4000和KCl對(duì)砂漿強(qiáng)度幾乎無(wú)影響,而三甲基十六烷基溴化銨會(huì)嚴(yán)重降低砂漿強(qiáng)度。三種添加劑復(fù)配對(duì)砂漿擴(kuò)展度的改善效果好于單摻,但有三甲基十六烷基溴化銨存在時(shí)仍會(huì)大幅度降低砂漿強(qiáng)度。聚乙二醇-4000摻量為0.3%和KCl摻量為1.5%復(fù)配在不降低強(qiáng)度的前提下同樣能大幅度提高摻聚羧酸減水劑含粘土混凝土的工作性能。通過(guò)總有機(jī)碳試驗(yàn)、ζ電位試驗(yàn)和粘土膨脹容試驗(yàn),探討了聚乙二醇-4000、三甲基十六烷基溴化銨和KCl三種添加劑抑制粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑負(fù)效應(yīng)的機(jī)理,結(jié)果表明,聚乙二醇-4000、三甲基十六烷基溴化銨和KCl能夠減少粘土對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑的吸附量,能夠提高含粘土水泥漿體體系ζ電位和抑制鈉基蒙脫土和鈣基蒙脫土膨脹從而減少對(duì)聚羧酸減水劑和拌合水的吸附是三種添加劑能夠抑制粘土對(duì)摻聚羧酸減水劑水泥凈漿、砂漿和混凝土工作性能負(fù)效應(yīng)的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Adsorbed polycarboxylic superplasticizer reduces the dispersibility of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer, and clay is the most significant component of the sludge which has the most negative effect on polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer. The decrease of clay is the main reason for the influence of clay on the performance of cement paste, mortar and concrete mixed with polycarboxylic superplasticizer. The research on the negative effect inhibition measures of acid water reducers is still in its infancy, and there is no universal solution. This paper discusses the problems of "releasing the mixing water adsorbed by clay", "selecting the additives with strong adsorptive capacity to be adsorbed by clay in preference so as to reduce the adsorption of clay to polycarboxylic acid water reducer" and "preventing clay expansion to reduce the adsorption of polycarboxylic acid water reducer". Considering the adsorption of mixing water and polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer, several ceramic superplasticizers, clay adsorbent and clay anti-swelling agent were selected as additives and polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer were used in combination. The inhibition effect of additives and the inhibition mechanism of additives were studied by macro-test and micro-test in order to solve the problem of clay on superplasticizer. The influence of the contents of sodium tripolyphosphate, polyethylene glycol-4000, methylene blue, trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide and KCl on the fluidity of clay (sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, illite and kaolin) cement paste containing polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer was studied. Sodium polyphosphate and methylene blue have no obvious effect on inhibiting the negative effect of clay on the fluidity of cement paste with polycarboxylic superplasticizer. Polyethylene glycol-4000, trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide and KCl can improve the fluidity of clay-containing cement paste with polycarboxylic superplasticizer to a certain extent within the appropriate dosage range, and three additives have effect on sodium. Based on the test results of cement paste, three additives, polyethylene glycol-4000, trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide and KCl, which had better inhibition effect on montmorillonite, were selected to study the expansion and strength of montmorillonite-containing mortar mixed with polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The results show that the expansion of montmorillonite mortar with polyethylene glycol-4000 and trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide is larger than that with KCl. The strength of the mortar is almost unaffected by polyethylene glycol-4000 and KCl, while the strength of the mortar is severely reduced by trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide. The strength of mortar can be greatly reduced in the presence of trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide. The performance of clay concrete with polycarboxylic superplasticizer can also be greatly improved by mixing 0.3% polyethylene glycol-4000 and 1.5% KCl without reducing the strength. The mechanism of polyethylene glycol-4000, trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide and KCl as additives to inhibit the negative effect of clay on polycarboxylic superplasticizer was studied by total organic carbon test, zeta potential test and clay swelling capacity test. The results showed that polyethylene glycol-4000, trimethylhexadecyl ammonium bromide and KCl could reduce the negative effect of clay on polycarboxylic superplasticizer. Adsorption capacity can increase_potential of clay-containing cement paste system and inhibit expansion of Na-montmorillonite and Ca-montmorillonite so as to reduce adsorption of polycarboxylic superplasticizer and mixing water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU528.042.2

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