【摘要】：隨著建筑行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,對(duì)建筑物抗震的要求越來越高,尤其早年的建筑已不能滿足現(xiàn)在的規(guī)范要求,并且結(jié)構(gòu)在長期的使用環(huán)境和自然環(huán)境的作用下,其功能性必然逐漸衰弱,必須要能夠科學(xué)地評(píng)估結(jié)構(gòu)損傷的程度和客觀規(guī)律,并采取有效的措施保持結(jié)構(gòu)能夠繼續(xù)安全的使用。因此,對(duì)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行的抗震加固是必不可少的,就目前的形勢而言,建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的加固方法有外包鋼加固法、增大截面法、預(yù)應(yīng)力加固法、增設(shè)支點(diǎn)加固法、FRP片材加固法及粘鋼加固法等,以上這些加固方法均屬于對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)承載力不足的加固方法。早年的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)樓屋蓋多采用預(yù)制混凝土空心板結(jié)構(gòu),事實(shí)證明,在地震作用下發(fā)生的樓板破壞,較多的破壞原因并不是由于樓板的承載力不足導(dǎo)致?lián)p壞的,而是由于樓板平面內(nèi)整體性能不足造成的樓板開裂、相互錯(cuò)動(dòng),甚至坍塌。本文針對(duì)這種情況提出一種新的預(yù)制板加固方法,使其具有較好的整體性,以提高樓板平面內(nèi)抵抗地震作用的能力。假定樓層的質(zhì)量集中在各層樓板標(biāo)高處,連同上下各半層的墻體質(zhì)量,簡化為一個(gè)質(zhì)點(diǎn)。砌體結(jié)構(gòu)只考慮基本振型。因此,按倒三角形分布來考慮地震作用,可以采用基底剪力法來計(jì)算頂層水平地震作用,根據(jù)不同的抗震設(shè)防烈度來計(jì)算所需的加固鋼板帶。采用有限元軟件ABAQUS進(jìn)行模擬分析模擬,用未加固模型與加固后模型對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證加固方法的抗震能力的有效性;同時(shí),對(duì)同一模型的遇不同地震作用下,抗震能力模擬分析。通過模擬分析,驗(yàn)證說明了本文的加固方法的有效性,對(duì)工程實(shí)際提供了理論依據(jù)。經(jīng)模擬分析,加固后的預(yù)制板在遭遇抗震設(shè)防烈度的地震作用后,沒有發(fā)生較大的相互錯(cuò)位現(xiàn)象,保持著良好的整體性,模擬結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確。此種加固方法操作簡便,受力可靠,現(xiàn)場濕作業(yè)少,是一種行之有效的加固方法,應(yīng)廣泛的運(yùn)用到以后預(yù)制板的加固改造中去。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the construction industry, the requirements for building earthquake resistance are becoming higher and higher, especially in the early years of the building can no longer meet the requirements of the current code, and the structure in the long-term use of the environment and the role of the natural environment, Its function is bound to degenerate gradually, it must be able to scientifically evaluate the degree and objective law of structural damage, and take effective measures to keep the structure safe to use. Therefore, seismic reinforcement of building structures is essential. In the current situation, the reinforcement methods of building structures include steel reinforcement method, section reinforcement method, prestressed reinforcement method. The fulcrum reinforcement method, FRP sheet reinforcement method and steel bonding reinforcement method are added. These methods are not enough to strengthen the bearing capacity of the structure. In the early years, precast concrete hollow slabs were often used in masonry structures. It has been proved that the failure of floors under earthquake is not caused by the insufficient bearing capacity of floors. However, the floor is cracked, staggered and even collapsed due to the lack of overall performance in the floor plane. In this paper, a new prefabricated plate reinforcement method is proposed to improve the seismic resistance in the floor plane. It is assumed that the quality of the floor is concentrated at the elevation of each floor, and that the mass of the upper and lower half floors is reduced to a single particle. Masonry structures only consider basic modes. Therefore, considering the seismic action according to the inverted triangle distribution, the horizontal seismic action of the top floor can be calculated by the basement shear force method, and the reinforcing steel strip can be calculated according to the different seismic fortification intensity. The finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate and compare the unstrengthened model with the reinforced model to verify the effectiveness of the seismic capacity of the reinforcement method. At the same time the seismic capacity simulation analysis of the same model is carried out under different earthquakes. The effectiveness of the reinforcement method is verified by simulation analysis, which provides a theoretical basis for engineering practice. Through simulation analysis, after the earthquake action of seismic fortification intensity, the reinforced prefabricated board does not occur a large mutual dislocation phenomenon, and maintains a good integrity, and the simulation results are true and accurate. This reinforcement method is a kind of effective reinforcement method, which is easy to operate, reliable in force and less wet in the field. It should be widely used in the reinforcement and transformation of prefabricated panels in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU364;TU352.11

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本文編號(hào)：2239174