【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會(huì),隨著生活水平的提高,人們對(duì)室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量,特別是室內(nèi)溫濕度的要求越來(lái)越高；傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)溫濕度調(diào)節(jié)方法已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足人們的需求,同時(shí)傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)在濕度控制過(guò)程中能源效率低,浪費(fèi)了大量的電能。溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)以其獨(dú)立溫濕度控制、高能源效率、利用太陽(yáng)能和工業(yè)廢熱等低品位熱能進(jìn)行再生等優(yōu)點(diǎn)一直被認(rèn)為是新一代有前途的空調(diào)系統(tǒng),倍受研究者的關(guān)注。本文設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)了一種高效節(jié)能型溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng),并針對(duì)溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了建模和實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化策略研究,將開發(fā)的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行策略成功應(yīng)用在開發(fā)的溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)樣機(jī),顯著提升和改善了系統(tǒng)的性能和能源運(yùn)用效率,充分發(fā)掘了溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能潛力,為溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的研究提出了新的研究思路與方向。本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下：(1)設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)了一種高效節(jié)能型溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。從現(xiàn)有溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的局限性出發(fā),首次將熱管回收和能量存儲(chǔ)理念應(yīng)用于溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)之中,提出了除濕再生混雜運(yùn)行模式。與現(xiàn)有溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)相比,設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)在能源利用率、除濕效率和應(yīng)用范圍等方面均有顯著改善。(2)從能量守恒、質(zhì)量守恒和傳熱傳質(zhì)基本理論出發(fā),分析除濕器和再生器內(nèi)傳熱傳質(zhì)過(guò)程,提出利用混合建模方法來(lái)建立溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的模型,包含除濕器傳熱傳質(zhì)模型、再生器傳熱傳質(zhì)模型、熱管回收器能量回收模型和存儲(chǔ)罐模型。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明所建立模型的預(yù)測(cè)系統(tǒng)傳熱傳質(zhì)性能和熱管回收器能量回收速率的相對(duì)誤差在15%以內(nèi)。該模型具有形式簡(jiǎn)單、計(jì)算復(fù)雜度低、無(wú)需迭代計(jì)算、預(yù)測(cè)傳熱傳質(zhì)性能準(zhǔn)確等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可以應(yīng)用在溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的性能預(yù)測(cè)、實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化等多種應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。(3)研究開發(fā)除濕器實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化策略,并成功應(yīng)用在實(shí)際溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。分析除濕器內(nèi)各部件的能耗特點(diǎn),建立制冷機(jī)、除濕風(fēng)機(jī)和除濕溶液泵的混合能量模型,可以快速準(zhǔn)確地計(jì)算和評(píng)估不同運(yùn)行方案下除濕器的能耗。以除濕器總能耗為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以溶液流量和溫度為優(yōu)化變量建立了帶約束條件的非線性單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型,開發(fā)了除濕器的實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化策略,并運(yùn)用進(jìn)化遺傳算法在可行域內(nèi)求解優(yōu)化模型。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明除濕器實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化策略能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能12%,顯著提高除濕器能量利用效率,充分發(fā)掘了溶液除濕空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能潛力。(4)開發(fā)再生器實(shí)時(shí)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化策略,采用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化方法分析再生器實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。通過(guò)分析再生器功能及各部件的特點(diǎn),建立了以再生器的能耗和再生速率為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以再生溶液流量、溫度和再生空氣流量為優(yōu)化變量的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型。運(yùn)用改進(jìn)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化粒子群算法在可行域內(nèi)求得多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題的Pareto解集,結(jié)合決策策略選取最終滿意解。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果表明當(dāng)外界空氣溫度較高時(shí),再生器實(shí)時(shí)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化運(yùn)行策略可實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能高達(dá)19.7%。此外,分時(shí)段實(shí)驗(yàn)比較發(fā)現(xiàn),環(huán)境溫度越高,相對(duì)濕度越低,再生器的節(jié)能空間越大。
[Abstract]:In modern society, with the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for indoor air quality, especially for indoor temperature and humidity. Traditional air conditioning temperature and humidity regulation methods have been unable to meet people's needs. At the same time, traditional air conditioning in the process of humidity control energy efficiency is low, waste a lot of electricity. The advantages of independent temperature and humidity control, high energy efficiency, and regeneration of low-grade thermal energy, such as solar energy and industrial waste heat, have been regarded as a new generation of promising air conditioning system, which has attracted much attention of researchers. Modeling and real-time operation optimization strategy are studied. The optimized operation strategy is successfully applied to the prototype of the solution desiccant air conditioning system. The performance and energy efficiency of the system are significantly improved and the energy-saving potential of the solution desiccant air conditioning system is fully exploited. A new study is proposed for the study of the solution desiccant air conditioning system. The main contributions and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) An efficient and energy-saving solution dehumidification air conditioning system is designed and developed. Starting from the limitations of the existing solution dehumidification air conditioning system, the concept of heat pipe recovery and energy storage is applied to the solution dehumidification air conditioning system for the first time, and a hybrid operation mode of dehumidification and regeneration is proposed. Compared with the existing liquid desiccant air conditioning system, the designed system has remarkable improvement in energy utilization, dehumidification efficiency and application range. (2) Based on the basic theory of energy conservation, mass conservation and heat and mass transfer, the heat and mass transfer process in the dehumidifier and regenerator is analyzed, and a hybrid modeling method is proposed to establish the liquid desiccant air. The model of regulating system includes heat and mass transfer model of dehumidifier, heat and mass transfer model of regenerator, energy recovery model of heat pipe reclaimer and storage tank model. The experimental results show that the relative error of the model is less than 15%. It has the advantages of low complexity, no need of iterative calculation and accurate prediction of heat and mass transfer performance. It can be used in many application fields, such as performance prediction and real-time operation optimization of liquid desiccant air conditioning system. (3) Real-time operation optimization strategy of desiccant is researched and developed, and it is successfully applied in actual liquid desiccant air conditioning system. Based on the characteristics of energy consumption, a mixed energy model of refrigeratory, dehumidification fan and dehumidification solution pump is established, which can quickly and accurately calculate and evaluate the energy consumption of dehumidifier under different operation schemes. The experimental results show that the real-time operation optimization strategy of the dehumidifier can save energy by 12%, significantly improve the energy utilization efficiency of the dehumidifier, and fully explore the energy-saving potential of the solution dehumidification air conditioning system. (4) Real-time development of regenerator more. By analyzing the function of regenerator and the characteristics of its components, a multi-objective optimization model with the energy consumption and regeneration rate as the objective function and the flow rate of regenerated solution, temperature and regenerated air as the optimization variables was established. The experimental results show that the regenerator real-time multi-objective optimization strategy can save energy as high as 19.7% when the ambient air temperature is high. In addition, comparisons of time-interval experiments show that the environmental temperature is higher. The lower the relative humidity, the greater the energy saving space of the regenerator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU834.9

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