【摘要】：國內(nèi)外的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料表明,在一切的自然災(zāi)害中,風(fēng)災(zāi)造成的破壞和損失位居所有災(zāi)害之首。風(fēng)災(zāi)可以分為三大類,一是颶風(fēng)災(zāi)害;二是暴風(fēng)災(zāi)害;三是由于雷暴天氣以及龍卷風(fēng)等引起的大風(fēng)災(zāi)害。隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展,人類活動(dòng)對(duì)全球氣候變化的影響越來越大,風(fēng)災(zāi)發(fā)生的強(qiáng)度和頻率也在呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì)。為此,本文針對(duì)風(fēng)沙荷載和大跨屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)振系數(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。目前,針對(duì)風(fēng)沙現(xiàn)象和運(yùn)動(dòng)方面已經(jīng)開展了一些研究,并取得了一系列的研究成果,發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)沙荷載對(duì)于建筑物的作用大于風(fēng)荷載。但是,目前的主要研究手段多采用數(shù)值模擬的方法,鮮有建筑物風(fēng)沙效應(yīng)方面的試驗(yàn)研究。本文通過風(fēng)洞測(cè)力試驗(yàn),研究了不同沙濃度和風(fēng)速條件下風(fēng)沙對(duì)低矮建筑整體受力的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:和凈風(fēng)工況相比,風(fēng)沙對(duì)低矮建筑整體受力有著較大影響。風(fēng)沙對(duì)低矮建筑平均基底剪力系數(shù)有著明顯的增大作用,且沙濃度越大,增大的越明顯。而對(duì)于脈動(dòng)基底剪力系數(shù)的影響,除了與沙濃度有關(guān)之外,還與指示風(fēng)速有關(guān)。當(dāng)風(fēng)速較小時(shí),風(fēng)沙增大了試驗(yàn)房的脈動(dòng)效應(yīng),而當(dāng)風(fēng)速較大時(shí),風(fēng)沙減小了試驗(yàn)房的脈動(dòng)效應(yīng)。根據(jù)對(duì)某體育館進(jìn)行風(fēng)洞剛性模型測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)所獲得的數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算了該體育館屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)致響應(yīng)及風(fēng)振系數(shù)。進(jìn)而研究了參與計(jì)算的振型數(shù)量對(duì)于風(fēng)致響應(yīng)和風(fēng)振系數(shù)分析結(jié)果的影響,并且對(duì)比分析了考慮各振型交叉項(xiàng)的2:2法和不考慮振型交叉項(xiàng)的法以及多階模態(tài)力法時(shí)的分析結(jié)果。經(jīng)過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)是否考慮高階振型對(duì)體育館屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)致響應(yīng)與風(fēng)振系數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果有一定的影響,而振型交叉項(xiàng)的影響也不可忽略。因此,本文提出了多階模態(tài)力法的修正方法,考慮了振型交叉項(xiàng)的影響,得到了較好的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Statistics at home and abroad show that the damage and loss caused by wind disaster is the first of all natural disasters. Wind disaster can be divided into three categories, one is hurricane disaster, the other is storm disaster, and the third is gale disaster caused by thunderstorm weather and tornadoes. With the development of human society, the impact of human activities on global climate change is increasing, and the intensity and frequency of wind disasters are also increasing. Therefore, the wind-sand load and wind-induced vibration coefficient of long span roof structures are studied in this paper. At present, some researches have been carried out on the phenomenon and movement of wind and sand, and a series of research results have been obtained. It is found that the effect of wind and sand load on buildings is greater than that on wind load. However, most of the main research methods are numerical simulation, and there are few experimental studies on wind and sand effects of buildings. In this paper, the influence of wind and sand on the whole force of low buildings under different sand concentration and wind speed is studied by wind tunnel force measurement test. The results show that: compared with the clean wind condition, the wind sand has a great influence on the overall force of the low building. The wind sand has obvious effect on the average base shear coefficient of low buildings, and the bigger the sand concentration is, the more obvious the increase is. The influence of the shear coefficient of pulsating basement is not only related to the concentration of sand, but also to the indicated wind speed. When the wind speed is small, the wind sand increases the pulsation effect of the test room, but when the wind speed is high, the wind sand decreases the pulsation effect of the test room. The wind-induced response and wind-induced vibration coefficient of the roof structure of a gymnasium are calculated according to the data obtained from the wind tunnel rigid model pressure measurement test of a gymnasium. Furthermore, the influence of the number of modes involved in the calculation on the results of wind-induced response and wind-induced vibration coefficient analysis is studied, and the results of the 2:2 method, the method without considering the cross-terms of the modes and the multi-order modal force method are compared and analyzed. Through analysis, it is found that whether or not the higher-order modes have influence on the wind-induced response and the wind-induced vibration coefficient of the gymnasium roof structure, and the influence of the vibration mode cross term can not be ignored. Therefore, a modified method of multi-order modal force method is proposed in this paper, which takes into account the influence of the cross term of vibration mode, and the better results are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU312.1

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本文編號(hào)：2227818