【摘要】：瑞雷波測試分析技術已在工程地質勘察中得到廣泛應用,目前主要針對成層地質條件進行地層與波速劃分。但對于類似地下管道等局部地質結構尚缺乏瑞雷波測試分析的理論基礎,實際工程中測試人員常習慣于采用單道震動映像測試地下管道,并認同的是縱波反射。瑞雷波是一種與傳播方向逆進的橢圓極化波,由于其振動的復雜性,人們還難以直觀分析其遇到地下類似管道結構的信號特征,這限制了該方法在實際工程中的應用。與縱波相比,瑞雷波具有能量強的顯著特點,探討地下管道等局部地質結構瑞雷波響應的信號特征,具有重要的理論意義和實際應用價值。本文在中國民航科學基金項目--機場運行保障數(shù)字化系統(tǒng)研究(MHRD201230)的支持下,借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元分析軟件模擬瑞雷波遇到地下管道的動力響應特征。成功解決了有限元仿真模擬中模型尺寸的確定、震源模型的選擇、網(wǎng)格尺寸的劃分、邊界條件設置和數(shù)據(jù)格式的轉儲等問題。通過一系列不同工況條件下的有限元模型計算,并結合工程實例,總結了管道敷設環(huán)境參數(shù)、采集系統(tǒng)參數(shù)設置對瑞雷波響應信號的影響規(guī)律。1、提出瑞雷波地震映像法探測地下管線的新方法,經(jīng)過仿真模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),瑞雷波遇地下管線會在地震道集合波形圖上呈現(xiàn)弧形反射信號帶。2、通過一系列含有地下管道的有限元模型的計算,擬合出管線埋深h和瑞雷波波速VR、反射特征信號帶頂端時間歷程Δt的關系式,為管線埋深的快速判定提供一個量化分析模型,并在工程實例中得到驗證。經(jīng)過不同管道上覆剛性面層厚度和不同激震頻率相結合的模型的計算,探究了剛性面層厚度和激震頻率變化對瑞雷波響應特征信號的影響規(guī)律,為工程勘察中激震形式的合理選擇提供理論依據(jù)和參考。3、系統(tǒng)研究了在不同的管道形狀和管徑等工況條件下瑞雷波信號響應規(guī)律,為實際工程中野外采集系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的設置和勘探數(shù)據(jù)的分析提供理論依據(jù)和參考,并在工程實例中得到驗證。4、分析了偏移距、道間距等野外采集系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對瑞雷波響應信號的影響規(guī)律,并給出了這些參數(shù)的合理取值范圍。5、建立了地下管道的三維仿真模擬模型,進而研究了測線與管線的相對空間位置關系對震動響應信號的影響規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Rayleigh wave test and analysis technology has been widely used in engineering geological survey. At present, stratigraphic and wave velocity are mainly divided according to stratified geological conditions. However, there is no theoretical basis for Rayleigh wave testing and analysis of local geological structures such as underground pipelines. In practical engineering, it is often used to test underground pipelines by using single channel vibration image, and it is recognized that the reflection of longitudinal waves is one of them. Rayleigh wave is an elliptical polarized wave with inverse propagation direction. Because of the complexity of its vibration, it is difficult to analyze directly the signal characteristics of similar underground pipeline structure, which limits the application of this method in practical engineering. Compared with the longitudinal wave, the Rayleigh wave has the characteristic of strong energy. It is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study the signal characteristics of the Rayleigh wave response of the local geological structure such as the underground pipeline. In this paper, the dynamic response of Rayleigh wave in underground pipeline is simulated with the help of ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element analysis software, supported by MHRD201230, a project of Civil Aviation Science Foundation of China. The problems such as the determination of model size, the selection of source model, the division of grid size, the setting of boundary conditions and the storage of data format in finite element simulation are successfully solved. Through a series of finite element model calculations under different working conditions and combined with engineering examples, the environmental parameters of pipeline laying are summarized. The influence of acquisition system parameters on Rayleigh wave response signal. 1. A new method for detecting underground pipeline by Rayleigh wave seismic image method is proposed, which is found by simulation. The Rayleigh wave in the underground pipeline will present an arc reflection signal band. 2 on the seismic track set waveform diagram. The calculation of a series of finite element models containing underground pipeline is carried out. The relationship between the buried depth h of the pipeline and the peak time history 螖 t of the Rayleigh wave velocity VR, reflection characteristic signal is fitted, which provides a quantitative analysis model for the quick determination of the buried depth of the pipeline, and is verified by an engineering example. The influence of the thickness of rigid surface and the frequency of excitation on the response characteristic signal of Rayleigh wave is studied through the calculation of the model of the combination of the thickness of rigid surface and the frequency of shock induced by different pipe, and the influence of the thickness of rigid surface and the frequency of excitation on the characteristic signal of Rayleigh wave is studied. This paper provides a theoretical basis and reference for the rational selection of seismic excitation forms in engineering survey. The response law of Rayleigh wave signals under different working conditions such as pipe shape and pipe diameter is systematically studied. It provides theoretical basis and reference for setting parameters of field acquisition system and analysis of exploration data in practical engineering, and is verified in engineering example .4. the offset distance is analyzed. The influence of field acquisition system parameters such as channel spacing on Rayleigh wave response signal is studied. The reasonable value range of these parameters is given, and the 3D simulation model of underground pipeline is established. Furthermore, the influence of the relative spatial position between the line and the pipeline on the vibration response signal is studied.
【學位授予單位】：中國民航大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU990.3

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