【摘要】：雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)是指在不同雷諾數(shù)下鈍體繞流的流動(dòng)模式發(fā)生改變,進(jìn)而使鈍體表面風(fēng)荷載發(fā)生變化的現(xiàn)象,是結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)工程領(lǐng)域的重要基礎(chǔ)性問(wèn)題。目前關(guān)于雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的研究仍處于理論探索階段;研究對(duì)象為均勻流場(chǎng)下的圓柱、柱面屋蓋,關(guān)于其它曲面屋蓋的研究較少;研究?jī)?nèi)容多關(guān)注的是結(jié)構(gòu)表面平均風(fēng)壓系數(shù)、風(fēng)力系數(shù)等氣動(dòng)參數(shù)隨雷諾數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,針對(duì)脈動(dòng)風(fēng)壓場(chǎng)及旋渦作用的研究較少,而湍流場(chǎng)下的雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)更鮮有研究。本文以1/4矢跨比球面屋蓋為研究對(duì)象,在均勻流場(chǎng)和湍流場(chǎng)下開展了系列變雷諾數(shù)測(cè)壓試驗(yàn),側(cè)重研究在湍流場(chǎng)下球殼雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的表現(xiàn),主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)開展了均勻流及大氣邊界層湍流下1/4矢跨比球面屋蓋的變雷諾數(shù)風(fēng)洞測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)。為拓展風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)中雷諾數(shù)區(qū)間的范圍(均勻流場(chǎng)雷諾數(shù)區(qū)間為8.48×104~2.06×106,湍流場(chǎng)雷諾數(shù)區(qū)間為9.66×104~1.38×106),采用三種不同尺度模型進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),并通過(guò)與文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證數(shù)據(jù)的合理性。(2)總結(jié)整理了雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)研究中兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題的研究方法,即雷諾數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)捩區(qū)間的確定及基于分解技術(shù)(本征正交分解POD、譜正交分解SPT)研究旋渦的作用。(3)基于風(fēng)壓分布、風(fēng)力系數(shù)、壓力梯度等氣動(dòng)參數(shù)隨雷諾數(shù)的變化規(guī)律確定雷諾數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)捩區(qū)間,均勻流場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)捩區(qū)上限為2.48×105,邊界層湍流場(chǎng)為2.07×105。通過(guò)對(duì)比均勻流場(chǎng)及湍流場(chǎng)下的結(jié)果探討流場(chǎng)湍流對(duì)雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的影響。(4)通過(guò)頻譜分析,考察不同雷諾數(shù)、不同流場(chǎng)條件下,風(fēng)壓譜與風(fēng)力譜的變化規(guī)律,重點(diǎn)探討球面不同位置測(cè)點(diǎn)風(fēng)壓譜峰值的分布規(guī)律,研究表明在雷諾數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)捩區(qū)間也存在風(fēng)壓譜及風(fēng)力譜形狀的突變,意味著能量由低頻向高頻轉(zhuǎn)移。(5)基于POD分解獲得脈動(dòng)風(fēng)壓場(chǎng)主導(dǎo)本征模態(tài)及其與順風(fēng)向阻力作用及豎向升力作用的關(guān)系,進(jìn)一步基于SPT的譜正交分解獲得主導(dǎo)頻率下的旋渦作用特點(diǎn),并建立起與脈動(dòng)風(fēng)壓特性的聯(lián)系,對(duì)脈動(dòng)風(fēng)壓特性作出更合理的機(jī)理性解釋。
[Abstract]:Reynolds number effect refers to the phenomenon that the flow mode of bluff body changes under different Reynolds numbers and the wind load changes on the surface of the bluff body. It is an important basic problem in the field of structural wind engineering. At present, the research on Reynolds number effect is still in the stage of theoretical exploration; the research object is the cylinder under uniform flow field, the cylindrical roof, and the other curved roof, and the research focus is on the average wind pressure coefficient of the structure surface. The variation of aerodynamic parameters such as wind force coefficient with Reynolds number is less studied on pulsating wind pressure field and vortex effect than on Reynolds number effect in turbulent field. In this paper, a series of variable-Reynolds number pressure measurement experiments are carried out on the spherical roof with a ratio of 1 / 4 rise-to-span ratio under the uniform flow and turbulent field, with emphasis on the performance of the Reynolds number effect of the spherical shell in the turbulent field. The main contents are as follows: (1) the wind tunnel pressure measurement experiments of 1 / 4 rise-to-span ratio spherical roof with uniform flow and atmospheric boundary layer turbulence are carried out. In order to expand the range of Reynolds number range in wind tunnel test (8.48 脳 10 ~ 4 脳 10 ~ 4 ~ 2. 06 脳 10 ~ 6 for uniform flow field and 9.66 脳 10 ~ 4 ~ (4) ~ (1.38 脳 10 ~ 6) in turbulent field), three different scale models are used. The rationality of the data is verified by comparing with the results of literature. (2) the research methods of two key problems in the study of Reynolds number effect are summarized and sorted out. That is, the determination of transition interval of Reynolds number and the study of vortex action based on decomposition technique (eigenorthogonal decomposition POD, spectral orthogonal decomposition SPT). (3) based on wind pressure distribution, wind coefficient, The Reynolds number transition interval is determined by the variation of aerodynamic parameters such as pressure gradient with Reynolds number. The upper limit of transition region of uniform flow field is 2.48 脳 10 ~ 5 and the turbulent field of boundary layer is 2.07 脳 10 ~ 5. The effect of turbulent flow on Reynolds number effect is discussed by comparing the results of uniform flow field and turbulent flow field. (4) the variation of wind pressure spectrum and wind energy spectrum under different Reynolds numbers and different flow fields is investigated by spectrum analysis. The distribution law of peak value of wind pressure spectrum at different points of spherical surface is discussed. It is shown that there are also abrupt changes in wind pressure spectrum and shape of wind pressure spectrum in the transition region of Reynolds number. This means that the energy is transferred from low frequency to high frequency. (5) based on POD decomposition, the dominant intrinsic modes of pulsating wind pressure field and their relationship with downwind resistance and vertical lift are obtained. Based on the spectral orthogonal decomposition of SPT, the vortex action characteristics at dominant frequency are obtained, and the relationship between vortex action and pulsating wind pressure characteristics is established, and a more reasonable mechanism explanation of pulsating wind pressure characteristics is made.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU312.1

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本文編號(hào)：2192831