PLC與模糊PID技術(shù)在恒壓供水中的應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-18 20:11
【摘要】：隨著城市化的大力推進(jìn)和人們對(duì)住房要求的提高,高層樓房的需求量將會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出攀升的趨勢(shì),高層樓房帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越多,高層供水就是一個(gè)突出問(wèn)題。傳統(tǒng)的供水方式都存在效率偏低、穩(wěn)定性差、能耗和浪費(fèi)較大的問(wèn)題,而高層供水則必須要求系統(tǒng)具有較好的穩(wěn)定性和節(jié)能性。所以為了更好的解決高層供水問(wèn)題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于PLC和模糊PID技術(shù)的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)利用了先進(jìn)的模糊控制技術(shù)、變頻控制技術(shù)和電氣控制技術(shù),加強(qiáng)了恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的智能性和高效性,使恒壓供水系統(tǒng)能夠完全勝任高層供水的任務(wù)。由于恒壓供水系統(tǒng)具有滯后性、大慣性和干擾因素多的特點(diǎn),傳統(tǒng)的變頻調(diào)速不能滿足水泵運(yùn)行的所有工況,所以必須采用具有自適應(yīng)能力的算法。本系統(tǒng)采用模糊PID算法,該算法同時(shí)具有PID算法與模糊算法的優(yōu)點(diǎn),可以適應(yīng)水泵運(yùn)行的各種工況,能夠滿足高層樓房對(duì)恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的要求。本系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件和Simulink軟件包對(duì)模糊PID控制器進(jìn)行輔助設(shè)計(jì),第一步確定系統(tǒng)的輸入輸出變量,并將其模糊化;第二步確定恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的模糊規(guī)則,模糊規(guī)則是利用設(shè)計(jì)者的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的;第三步進(jìn)行模糊輸出變量的去模糊化。利用MATLAB軟件完成模糊PID控制器之后,選擇合適的供水模型就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的仿真。通過(guò)仿真曲線來(lái)比較模糊PID算法和傳統(tǒng)PID算法,參數(shù)對(duì)比之后會(huì)得出模糊PID算法的動(dòng)態(tài)特性、靜態(tài)特性和魯棒性更好。本系統(tǒng)硬件結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括S7-200PLC、MM430變頻器、水泵電機(jī)和傳感器,系統(tǒng)的主要工作過(guò)程為:壓力傳感器采集管網(wǎng)水壓信號(hào)送入PLC,在PLC的CPU進(jìn)行處理之后把模擬量信號(hào)送入變頻器,變頻器根據(jù)PLC送入的模擬量電壓來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)自身頻率的大小,進(jìn)一步來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)電動(dòng)機(jī)的速度。程序設(shè)計(jì)主要分為自動(dòng)運(yùn)行控制和手動(dòng)運(yùn)行控制兩個(gè)部分,系統(tǒng)根據(jù)是否存在故障這一實(shí)際運(yùn)行狀況來(lái)判斷是采用自動(dòng)運(yùn)行控制還是手動(dòng)運(yùn)行控制。模糊PID控制器的應(yīng)用,使恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的自適應(yīng)能力增強(qiáng),使變頻器和水泵電機(jī)高效的工作。本系統(tǒng)的管網(wǎng)水壓波動(dòng)小,大大減少了電能的浪費(fèi),并且降低了設(shè)備故障的概率,達(dá)到了高層供水的要求,能滿足居民對(duì)日常生活用水的需要。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the improvement of people's demand for housing, the demand of high-rise buildings will be rising, and the problems caused by high-rise buildings will be more and more. High-rise water supply is a prominent problem. The traditional water supply methods have some problems such as low efficiency, poor stability, large energy consumption and waste, while the high water supply system must have better stability and energy saving. So in order to solve the problem of high-rise water supply, this paper designs a set of constant pressure water supply system based on PLC and fuzzy PID technology. The system utilizes advanced fuzzy control technology, frequency conversion control technology and electrical control technology, which strengthens the intelligence and efficiency of the constant pressure water supply system, and makes the constant pressure water supply system fully competent for the task of high level water supply. Because the constant pressure water supply system has the characteristics of lag, large inertia and many interference factors, the traditional frequency conversion speed regulation can not meet all the operating conditions of the pump, so it is necessary to adopt an adaptive algorithm. The system adopts fuzzy PID algorithm, which has the advantages of both PID algorithm and fuzzy algorithm. It can adapt to various operating conditions of water pump, and can meet the requirements of high buildings for constant pressure water supply system. The system uses MATLAB software and Simulink software package to design the fuzzy PID controller. The first step is to determine the input and output variables of the system, and the second step is to determine the fuzzy rules of the constant pressure water supply system. Fuzzy rules are designed by using the designer's knowledge and experience, and the third step is to defuzzify the fuzzy output variables. After the fuzzy PID controller is completed by using MATLAB software, the simulation of the constant pressure water supply system can be realized by selecting the appropriate water supply model. The simulation curve is used to compare the fuzzy PID algorithm with the traditional PID algorithm. After comparing the parameters, the dynamic, static and robust characteristics of the fuzzy PID algorithm are obtained. The hardware structure of the system mainly includes S7-200PLCU MM430 converter, pump motor and sensor. The main working process of the system is: pressure sensor collects water pressure signal of pipe network and sends it into PLC, after processing CPU of PLC, analog signal is sent to frequency converter. The frequency converter adjusts its frequency according to the analog voltage sent by PLC, and further adjusts the speed of the motor. The program design is mainly divided into two parts: automatic operation control and manual operation control. The system determines whether automatic operation control or manual operation control is adopted according to the actual running condition of whether there is fault or not. The application of fuzzy PID controller enhances the adaptive ability of constant pressure water supply system and makes the inverter and pump motor work efficiently. The water pressure fluctuation of the system is small, the waste of electric energy is greatly reduced, the probability of equipment failure is reduced, and the requirement of high water supply is reached, which can meet the needs of residents for daily use of water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU821;TP273
本文編號(hào)：2190548
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the improvement of people's demand for housing, the demand of high-rise buildings will be rising, and the problems caused by high-rise buildings will be more and more. High-rise water supply is a prominent problem. The traditional water supply methods have some problems such as low efficiency, poor stability, large energy consumption and waste, while the high water supply system must have better stability and energy saving. So in order to solve the problem of high-rise water supply, this paper designs a set of constant pressure water supply system based on PLC and fuzzy PID technology. The system utilizes advanced fuzzy control technology, frequency conversion control technology and electrical control technology, which strengthens the intelligence and efficiency of the constant pressure water supply system, and makes the constant pressure water supply system fully competent for the task of high level water supply. Because the constant pressure water supply system has the characteristics of lag, large inertia and many interference factors, the traditional frequency conversion speed regulation can not meet all the operating conditions of the pump, so it is necessary to adopt an adaptive algorithm. The system adopts fuzzy PID algorithm, which has the advantages of both PID algorithm and fuzzy algorithm. It can adapt to various operating conditions of water pump, and can meet the requirements of high buildings for constant pressure water supply system. The system uses MATLAB software and Simulink software package to design the fuzzy PID controller. The first step is to determine the input and output variables of the system, and the second step is to determine the fuzzy rules of the constant pressure water supply system. Fuzzy rules are designed by using the designer's knowledge and experience, and the third step is to defuzzify the fuzzy output variables. After the fuzzy PID controller is completed by using MATLAB software, the simulation of the constant pressure water supply system can be realized by selecting the appropriate water supply model. The simulation curve is used to compare the fuzzy PID algorithm with the traditional PID algorithm. After comparing the parameters, the dynamic, static and robust characteristics of the fuzzy PID algorithm are obtained. The hardware structure of the system mainly includes S7-200PLCU MM430 converter, pump motor and sensor. The main working process of the system is: pressure sensor collects water pressure signal of pipe network and sends it into PLC, after processing CPU of PLC, analog signal is sent to frequency converter. The frequency converter adjusts its frequency according to the analog voltage sent by PLC, and further adjusts the speed of the motor. The program design is mainly divided into two parts: automatic operation control and manual operation control. The system determines whether automatic operation control or manual operation control is adopted according to the actual running condition of whether there is fault or not. The application of fuzzy PID controller enhances the adaptive ability of constant pressure water supply system and makes the inverter and pump motor work efficiently. The water pressure fluctuation of the system is small, the waste of electric energy is greatly reduced, the probability of equipment failure is reduced, and the requirement of high water supply is reached, which can meet the needs of residents for daily use of water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU821;TP273
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
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，本文編號(hào)：2190548
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