【摘要】：為貫徹艱苦奮斗、勤儉節(jié)約、反對奢侈浪費(fèi)的方針,對于黨政機(jī)關(guān)辦公用房的建設(shè),國家政府多次制定了相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了各級工作人員的辦公室使用面積。并且,大多數(shù)非機(jī)關(guān)獨(dú)立辦公用房亦是趨向小型化、簡約化。與此同時,輻射供冷空調(diào)方式是現(xiàn)行研究的熱點(diǎn)。在辦公室的人員絕大多數(shù)時候是坐著的,少些時候是站著的。這兩種狀態(tài)下人員與豎直壁面的直接輻射換熱面積,比與頂板和地板的直接輻射換熱面積大,并且小型辦公室的豎直墻面面積是大于地板和頂板的。故對此類簡約的小型辦公室采用豎直壁面輻射供冷為背景、將獨(dú)立新風(fēng)直接送至工作區(qū)的新型復(fù)合空調(diào)。本文針對一個位于西安的簡約單人辦公室,采用傳統(tǒng)的對流換熱空調(diào)和以豎直壁面輻射供冷為背景、將獨(dú)立新風(fēng)直接送至工作區(qū)的新型復(fù)合空調(diào),建立了符合實(shí)際的辦公室物理幾何模型。采用重整化群RNG k-ε兩方程湍流模型,利用軟件fluent對兩種空調(diào)方式條件下辦公室的室內(nèi)空調(diào)環(huán)境進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬研究。對比分析了兩種空調(diào)方式下的室內(nèi)溫度場和氣流速度場,并且分析了室內(nèi)辦公人員前后左右的熱舒適情況。模擬結(jié)果表明:(1)傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)供冷所需要的風(fēng)量大,進(jìn)而造成室內(nèi)速度場容易引起吹風(fēng)感,而輻射供冷復(fù)合空調(diào)則可以克服這一缺點(diǎn);(2)傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)設(shè)計,力求室內(nèi)氣流場均勻、溫度場均勻,使得新風(fēng)與舊風(fēng)充分混合,則造成人員所呼吸進(jìn)入體內(nèi)的空氣不再新鮮。而本文中的輻射供冷復(fù)合空調(diào)是將獨(dú)立新風(fēng)直接送至人員呼吸區(qū),使得呼吸的空氣更加新鮮;(3)輻射供冷復(fù)合空調(diào)中,新風(fēng)承擔(dān)的冷負(fù)荷很少,絕大部分是靠輻射面所承擔(dān),輻射面輻射供冷提供的冷量起著主要作用。(4)通過改變排風(fēng)口的位置優(yōu)化空調(diào),可發(fā)現(xiàn)排風(fēng)口布置于熱區(qū)上方,有利于室內(nèi)得熱量的排除,進(jìn)而減小空調(diào)承擔(dān)的冷負(fù)荷。通過相關(guān)資料及對復(fù)合空調(diào)的單人辦公室的數(shù)值模擬研究,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在良好的設(shè)計條件下,以豎直壁面輻射供冷為背景、將獨(dú)立新風(fēng)直接送至工作區(qū)的新型復(fù)合空調(diào)系統(tǒng)優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的對流換熱空調(diào)系統(tǒng),是一種較好的空調(diào)方式,可為簡約的小型辦公室建立舒適的室內(nèi)空調(diào)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:In order to carry out the principles of hard struggle, thrift and extravagance and waste, the state government has formulated several related standards for the construction of office houses for party and government organs. The relevant standards specify office space for staff at all levels. Moreover, most non-government independent office rooms also tend to be miniaturized and simplified. At the same time, radiation cooling air conditioning is the focus of current research. Most of the people in the office are sitting and less standing. Under these two conditions, the area of direct radiation heat transfer between personnel and vertical wall is larger than that with roof and floor, and the area of vertical wall of small office is larger than that of floor and roof. So this kind of simple small office uses vertical wall radiation cooling as the background, and sends the independent fresh air directly to the working area of the new composite air conditioning. This paper aims at a simple single person office in Xi'an, using traditional convection heat transfer air conditioning and a new type of composite air conditioning system with vertical wall radiation cooling as the background, and sending independent fresh air directly to the working area. A practical geometry model of office physics is established. The turbulence model of renormalization group RNG k- 蔚 equations was used to simulate the indoor air conditioning environment in the office under two different air conditioning modes using the software fluent. The indoor temperature field and airflow velocity field under two kinds of air conditioning modes are analyzed, and the thermal comfort of indoor office personnel is analyzed. The simulation results show that: (1) large amount of air is needed for cooling of traditional air conditioning, which leads to air blowing feeling easily in indoor velocity field, and radiation cooling compound air conditioning can overcome this shortcoming, (2) traditional air conditioning design, strive for uniform indoor air flow field, If the temperature field is uniform, the fresh air will be mixed with the old wind, and the air that the personnel breathe into the body will no longer be fresh. The radiation cooling composite air conditioning in this paper is to send the independent fresh air directly to the personnel breathing area, which makes the breathing air more fresh. (3) in the radiation cooling composite air conditioning, the fresh air bears very little cooling load, most of which are borne by the radiation surface. (4) by changing the position of the exhaust air outlet, it can be found that the exhaust air outlet is arranged above the hot area, which is conducive to the removal of indoor heat and thus reduces the cooling load borne by the air conditioner. Through the relevant data and the numerical simulation of the single office of composite air conditioning, it can be found that under the good design conditions, the vertical wall radiation cooling as the background, The new composite air conditioning system, which sends the independent fresh air directly to the working area, is superior to the traditional convection heat transfer air conditioning system. It is a better way of air conditioning and can establish comfortable indoor air conditioning environment for the simple and small office.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU831

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