【摘要】：秦巴山地處于漢水上游,陜西南部,秦嶺和巴山之間。它既是我國(guó)南北氣候和自然地理的分界線,也是我國(guó)南北與東西文化交匯和轉(zhuǎn)換的軸心。在自然和人文的雙重作用下,在地域資源環(huán)境和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的矛盾中,秦巴山地的鄉(xiāng)土聚落經(jīng)歷了特殊的形成和發(fā)展過(guò)程,同時(shí)也建構(gòu)了區(qū)域內(nèi)的鄉(xiāng)土建筑文化,具有典型的地域特色和地緣特征。目前,該區(qū)域研究尚有許多空白之處。雖然已有的研究?jī)?nèi)容涵蓋了文化、社會(huì)、移民開(kāi)發(fā)和資源環(huán)境、建筑等幾個(gè)方面而且研究視點(diǎn)也涉及了社會(huì)、歷史、地理、生態(tài)、建筑等多個(gè)角度。但基于鄉(xiāng)土聚落視角的研究成果非常少,學(xué)科之間缺少交叉,具有系統(tǒng)性、整體性、關(guān)聯(lián)性的研究成果基本沒(méi)有。與此同時(shí)秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落的當(dāng)代發(fā)展又面臨著很多現(xiàn)實(shí)困境和機(jī)遇。生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞,地域文化的消解,人文關(guān)懷的缺失等因素都影響了聚落的良性發(fā)展;災(zāi)后重建、移民搬遷等項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施又為聚落的當(dāng)代發(fā)展提供了優(yōu)越的外部環(huán)境和動(dòng)力。因此,基于現(xiàn)實(shí)的迫切需要應(yīng)該及時(shí)的展開(kāi)該領(lǐng)域的研究工作。本著認(rèn)識(shí)過(guò)去,揭示現(xiàn)象,總結(jié)規(guī)律的原則,系統(tǒng)、完整和深入的揭示傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)土聚落營(yíng)建的內(nèi)在機(jī)制和形態(tài)特征,積極探索當(dāng)下鄉(xiāng)土聚落規(guī)劃建設(shè)發(fā)展的策略和適宜模式。這將有著重要的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究主要以秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落為切入點(diǎn)。建立了文化圈、聚落、鄉(xiāng)土建筑三個(gè)層級(jí),在關(guān)聯(lián)土地資源、環(huán)境氣候以及社會(huì)文化的基礎(chǔ)上,從文化圈的形成、聚落的演變、聚落空間形態(tài)、營(yíng)造技術(shù)、文化表達(dá)和當(dāng)代鄉(xiāng)土聚落營(yíng)建策略和適宜路徑等六個(gè)方面對(duì)秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。研究過(guò)程中,首先,通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)研究與實(shí)地調(diào)研以實(shí)證的方式揭示秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落產(chǎn)生和演變的過(guò)程和背景。其次,在以測(cè)繪為主要手段在掌握鄉(xiāng)土聚落的一手資料的前提下通過(guò)關(guān)聯(lián)性研究和典型實(shí)例的解析,從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)層面總結(jié)和分析了秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落及建筑營(yíng)建的內(nèi)在機(jī)制和形態(tài)特征。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)剖析鄉(xiāng)土聚落發(fā)展的驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制和當(dāng)代問(wèn)題,結(jié)合秦巴山地的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況和移民安置的時(shí)代機(jī)遇,在傳承和借鑒的基礎(chǔ)上提出了當(dāng)代秦巴山地鄉(xiāng)土聚落的規(guī)劃建設(shè)的策略和適宜模式,為實(shí)現(xiàn)聚落整體、持續(xù)和良性的發(fā)展提供了可資借鑒的思路和方法。
[Abstract]:The Qinba Mountains are located in the upper reaches of the Han River, south of Shaanxi, between the Qinling Mountains and the Bashan Mountains. It is not only the dividing line between north and south climate and natural geography, but also the axis of the intersection and transformation between north and south and east-west culture. Under the dual action of nature and humanity, in the contradiction between regional resources, environment and human activities, the local settlement in Qinba Mountain area has undergone a special process of formation and development, and has also constructed the local architectural culture in the region. With typical regional and geographical characteristics. At present, there are still many gaps in the study of the region. Although the existing research covers several aspects, such as culture, society, immigrant development and resource environment, architecture and so on, and the perspective of the study also involves social, historical, geographical, ecological, architectural and other perspectives. However, the research results based on the perspective of rural settlements are very few, lack of intercross between disciplines, systematic, holistic, and relevant research results. At the same time, the contemporary development of local settlements in the Qinling and Bashan Mountains faces many practical difficulties and opportunities. The destruction of ecological environment, the deconstruction of regional culture and the lack of humanistic care have all affected the benign development of settlements, and the implementation of projects such as post-disaster reconstruction, resettlement and relocation has provided superior external environment and power for the contemporary development of settlements. Therefore, the urgent need based on the reality should start the research work in this field in time. In the light of understanding the past, revealing the phenomena, summing up the principles of the law, systematically, completely and deeply revealing the internal mechanism and morphological characteristics of the traditional rural settlement construction, we actively explore the strategies and appropriate models for the planning and development of the present rural settlement. This will have important academic value and practical significance. This research mainly takes the local settlement of Qinba Mountain as the breakthrough point. Established three levels of cultural circle, settlement, and local architecture. On the basis of related land resources, environmental climate and social culture, from the formation of cultural circle, the evolution of settlement, the form of settlement space, the construction of technology, In this paper, six aspects of cultural expression and construction strategy and suitable path of contemporary rural settlement are studied systematically. In the course of the research, firstly, through the literature research and field investigation, it reveals the process and background of the emergence and evolution of the native settlement in the Qinba Mountains. Secondly, with surveying and mapping as the main means, under the premise of mastering the first-hand data of local settlements, through the research of relevance and the analysis of typical examples, This paper summarizes and analyzes the internal mechanism and morphological characteristics of local settlement and construction in Qinba Mountain area from the macro and micro aspects. On this basis, through the analysis of the driving mechanism and contemporary problems of the development of rural settlements, combined with the actual situation of Qinba Mountains and the opportunity of resettlement, On the basis of inheritance and reference, this paper puts forward the strategy and appropriate mode of planning and construction of the rural settlement in the contemporary Qin and Ba Mountains, which provides some ideas and methods for the realization of the overall, sustainable and benign development of the settlement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU982.29
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本文編號(hào)：2154827