【摘要】：嶗山風景名勝區(qū)位于青島城鄉(xiāng)過渡區(qū)域,由于其環(huán)境承載力較低,因此若由于開發(fā)保護不當,極易受到自然、人為因素的侵害。本文從文化與自然遺產(chǎn)保護的角度,以嶗山風景名勝區(qū)為研究對象,通過實際調(diào)查研究與理論分析,從旅游發(fā)展、管理體制、經(jīng)濟利益等多方面尋找和揭示了造成嶗山風景區(qū)破壞的根源及保護對策,從規(guī)劃角度提出了解決嶗山風景名勝區(qū)問題的方法及途經(jīng)。嶗山風景區(qū)的自然特點、文化特點造就了嶗山風景區(qū)亦城亦景、城景交織的特性,這一特性使其包含了保護與發(fā)展兩方面的內(nèi)容。嶗山風景區(qū)既是構筑自然與文化遺產(chǎn)不可分割的有機部分,又是遺產(chǎn)發(fā)展及地區(qū)旅游經(jīng)濟增長點所在,這種“角色沖突”是嶗山風景區(qū)矛盾的關鍵所在,理順與平衡角色關系是矛盾的根本解決方法。嶗山風景區(qū)的突出問題是:在嶗山的保護與發(fā)展過程中,過于注重風景區(qū)所承擔的“發(fā)展經(jīng)濟”角色,忽視其“保護遺產(chǎn)”角色,造成旅游城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展過度,導致風景區(qū)破壞以及整體環(huán)境“三化”,直接危害到嶗山風景名勝區(qū)遺產(chǎn)整體價值以及嶗山旅游的整體形象。問題的成因綜合反應在旅游快速發(fā)展引發(fā)的矛盾、景區(qū)性質(zhì)認識模糊、過分追求經(jīng)濟效益、管理體制存在缺陷、規(guī)劃理論尚不成熟等方面。解決嶗山景名勝區(qū)問題對策的關鍵在于,在保護與發(fā)展嶗山人類遺產(chǎn)過程中扮演好自身角色,協(xié)調(diào)好自身的保護與發(fā)展問題。因此,首先必須以遺產(chǎn)觀為指導,正確認識風景名勝區(qū)的多種價值,以保護風景名勝區(qū)的多種價值為出發(fā)點,做好保護工作,使風景名勝區(qū)永傳于世,不應只看到其經(jīng)濟價值,等同于旅游資源,大搞旅游開發(fā)建設;其次,在協(xié)調(diào)“發(fā)展經(jīng)濟”與“保護遺產(chǎn)”兩者的關系時,必須尋找遺產(chǎn)保護與利用的平衡點,可持續(xù)發(fā)展是必由之路。再者,要加強遺產(chǎn)保護的法制化建設,并應該從橫向分權與縱向分權的角度來健全管理體制。嶗山風景區(qū)保護規(guī)劃方法的關鍵在于如何從空間上平衡“城”“山”關系,尋找兩者之間的界線,采取區(qū)劃的方法達到“城景分離”和“游住分離”是有效的規(guī)劃途徑,并明確提出嶗山風景區(qū)“保護屏障”的作用,抵御市區(qū)對山岳風景區(qū)的侵蝕,成為嶗山山岳區(qū)的保護屏障,是其首要任務。
[Abstract]:Laoshan scenic spot is located in the transition area of Qingdao city and countryside. Because of its low environmental carrying capacity, it is easy to be infringed by natural and human factors if the exploitation and protection is not proper. From the perspective of cultural and natural heritage protection, this paper takes Laoshan scenic spot as the research object, through the actual investigation and theoretical analysis, from the tourism development, the management system, This paper explores and reveals the causes of the destruction of Laoshan scenic spot and the protection countermeasures from various aspects, and puts forward the methods and ways to solve the problem of Laoshan scenic spot from the point of view of planning. The natural characteristics and cultural characteristics of Laoshan Scenic area make Laoshan Scenic spot and City scenery intertwined with each other, which makes it include two aspects of protection and development. Laoshan Scenic spot is not only an integral part of the construction of natural and cultural heritage, but also the growth point of heritage development and regional tourism economy. This kind of "role conflict" is the key to the contradiction of Laoshan Scenic spot. Straightening out and balancing the role relationship is the fundamental solution to the contradiction. The outstanding problems of Laoshan scenic spot are: in the process of protection and development of Laoshan Mountain, too much attention is paid to the role of "developing economy" and neglecting the role of "protecting heritage", which results in excessive development of tourist towns. It leads to the destruction of scenic spots and the "three modernizations" of the whole environment, which directly endangers the overall value of the heritage of Laoshan scenic spots and the overall image of Laoshan tourism. The causes of the problems are the contradictions caused by the rapid development of tourism, the vague understanding of the nature of scenic spots, the excessive pursuit of economic benefits, the defects of the management system and the immaturity of the planning theory. The key to solve the problem of Laoshan scenic spot lies in playing its own role in protecting and developing Laoshan's human heritage and coordinating its own protection and development. Therefore, first of all, we must take the heritage view as the guide, correctly understand the various values of the scenic spots, take the protection of the various values of the scenic spots as the starting point, do a good job of protecting the work, so that the scenic spots can be passed on to the world forever, and should not only see its economic value. Second, when coordinating the relationship between "developing economy" and "protecting heritage", we must find the balance point between heritage protection and utilization, and sustainable development is the only way. Furthermore, in order to strengthen the legalization of heritage protection, we should improve the management system from the perspective of horizontal and vertical decentralization. The key of Laoshan scenic spot protection planning method is how to balance the relationship between "city" and "mountain" in space, find the boundary between them, and take the method of regionalization to achieve "separation of city scenery" and "separation of swimming and dwelling" is an effective planning approach. And clearly put forward Laoshan Scenic spot "protection barrier" function, resist the urban area of mountain scenic area erosion, become the protection barrier of Laoshan mountain area, is its primary task.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.18

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