本文選題：挖掘機(jī) + 液壓系統(tǒng)分析　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,挖掘機(jī)在我國(guó)工程機(jī)械行業(yè)作為主力機(jī)種的地位越來越突出,其種類和數(shù)量越來越多,它們被運(yùn)用于各種各樣的施工作業(yè)中。挖掘機(jī)的工作環(huán)境一般都是變化多端的,在施工作業(yè)中經(jīng)常要完成許多高難度動(dòng)作,因此其液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性就顯得尤為重要了。同樣,挖掘機(jī)消耗的資源,在施工過程中產(chǎn)生的粉塵、噪音以及排放的污染物對(duì)我們的環(huán)境也產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。通過大量查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)資料,對(duì)挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史以及液壓系統(tǒng)的基本回路進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的闡述,分析和對(duì)比了挖掘機(jī)工作時(shí)幾個(gè)典型的工況以及能量損失的主要原因和途徑,對(duì)當(dāng)前挖掘機(jī)常采用的液壓控制系統(tǒng)做了詳盡的對(duì)比和歸納,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外不同挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)在節(jié)能控制方面所采取的措施進(jìn)行了具體分析。本論文以SY220挖掘機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)該挖掘機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要分析,對(duì)其功率的匹配性以及工作裝置的液壓缸參數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。根據(jù)挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能控制要求,對(duì)挖掘機(jī)不同工況所產(chǎn)生的能耗情況進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,針對(duì)挖掘機(jī)動(dòng)臂在下降過程中的勢(shì)能不回收必然會(huì)造成能量損失問題,提出了對(duì)動(dòng)臂在下降過程中的勢(shì)能損失進(jìn)行回收并用于其下一次的上升動(dòng)作。對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的節(jié)能方案建立起數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過計(jì)算選擇出了能量回收裝置即蓄能器的具體型號(hào),運(yùn)用AMESim軟件建立出此節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,系統(tǒng)的分析了定量參數(shù)、變量參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,研究了各個(gè)變量參數(shù)的設(shè)置對(duì)所建立液壓系統(tǒng)的能量回收速度、能量回收效果的影響,并分析了能量回收系統(tǒng)對(duì)挖掘機(jī)作業(yè)速度的影響,最后根據(jù)其仿真結(jié)果提出了對(duì)各個(gè)變量參數(shù)的控制方案,盡可能使其能量回收效果最好。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, excavators are becoming more and more important in the construction machinery industry of our country, and their kinds and quantities are more and more. They are used in all kinds of construction operations. The working environment of excavator is usually varied and a lot of difficult actions are often completed in construction operation, so the rationality of hydraulic system design is particularly important. Similarly, the resources consumed by excavators, the dust, noise and pollutants emitted during construction have a significant impact on our environment. The development history of excavator and the basic circuit of hydraulic system are briefly described by consulting the relevant data of excavator hydraulic system at home and abroad. This paper analyzes and compares several typical working conditions of excavators and the main causes and approaches of energy loss, and makes a detailed comparison and summary of the hydraulic control systems commonly used by excavators at present. The measures for energy saving control of hydraulic system of different excavators at home and abroad are analyzed in detail. Taking SY220 excavator as the research object, the hydraulic system of the excavator is analyzed briefly in this paper. The power matching and the hydraulic cylinder parameters of the working device are calculated. According to the requirements of energy saving control of excavator hydraulic system, the energy consumption caused by different working conditions of excavator is compared and analyzed. In view of the problem of energy loss caused by non-recovery of potential energy of excavator arm in the process of falling down, In this paper, the potential energy loss of the arm during the descent process is recovered and used for its next ascending action. The mathematical model of the designed energy saving scheme is established, and the specific model of the energy recovery device, that is, the accumulator, is selected by calculation. The simulation model of the energy saving system is established by using the AMESim software, and the quantitative parameters are analyzed systematically. The relationship between variable parameters, the influence of the setting of each variable parameter on the energy recovery speed and the energy recovery effect of the hydraulic system is studied, and the influence of the energy recovery system on the working speed of the excavator is analyzed. Finally, according to the simulation results, the control scheme of each variable parameter is put forward, and the best energy recovery effect is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU621

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