本文選題：多目標(biāo)雨水系統(tǒng) + 徑流總量與徑流污染�。� 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：相比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,我國(guó)內(nèi)澇防治和雨水資源化回用的政策與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已日趨完善,但基于徑流總量(體積和污染物)控制的較為系統(tǒng)的理論、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、指標(biāo)體系及技術(shù)體系還很缺乏,針對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)情,研究多目標(biāo)城市雨水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建策略、目標(biāo)確定方法、控制指標(biāo)、規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)構(gòu)建我國(guó)現(xiàn)代雨水管理系統(tǒng)意義重大。本文在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究成果進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)整理的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家雨水管理系統(tǒng)、我國(guó)多目標(biāo)城市雨水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建策略、基于徑流總量控制的城市雨水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建技術(shù)、基于徑流流量控制的城市雨水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建技術(shù)、城市徑流污染與CSO污染控制技術(shù)及城市多目標(biāo)雨水系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃策略及設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了研究。主要結(jié)論如下：(1)我國(guó)現(xiàn)代城市雨水系統(tǒng)應(yīng)構(gòu)建低影響開(kāi)發(fā)雨水系統(tǒng)、雨水管渠系統(tǒng)和超標(biāo)雨水徑流排放系統(tǒng)三套技術(shù)體系,實(shí)現(xiàn)從城市、流域、匯水區(qū)到地塊的多尺度建設(shè),及源頭減排-中途轉(zhuǎn)輸-末端調(diào)蓄多層次管理,以達(dá)到徑流總量、峰值流量及徑流污染綜合控制目標(biāo)。(2)降雨雨型及年暴雨場(chǎng)次的分布特征是影響年雨量控制率、場(chǎng)次控制率、徑流體積控制率統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果的重要因素。年均暴雨、極端暴雨的場(chǎng)次越多,相同設(shè)計(jì)降雨量下,年場(chǎng)次控制率較年雨量控制率的值越大,對(duì)于以中小降雨為主的干旱地區(qū),年雨量控制率則大于年場(chǎng)次控制率。(3)最小降雨間隔時(shí)間是以總量減排為目標(biāo)的設(shè)計(jì)暴雨的重要參數(shù),對(duì)年雨量控制率、合流制溢流頻率的影響較大,最小間隔時(shí)間應(yīng)依據(jù)工程措施的設(shè)計(jì)排空時(shí)間或設(shè)計(jì)水力停留時(shí)間確定,考慮滲透設(shè)施、調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)行條件,最小間隔時(shí)間可取12小時(shí)與24小時(shí)。(4)徑流控制率對(duì)應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)降雨量可與設(shè)計(jì)暴雨重現(xiàn)期進(jìn)行數(shù)值轉(zhuǎn)換,以不同重現(xiàn)期下的1小時(shí)降雨量為例,以總量減排為目標(biāo)時(shí),對(duì)應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)重現(xiàn)期一般不大于1年。(5)微排水系統(tǒng)可有效提高小排水系統(tǒng)的綜合設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。以北京為例,按年雨量控制率85%進(jìn)行源頭減排系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),可實(shí)現(xiàn)重現(xiàn)期P=3、5年時(shí)場(chǎng)地的流量徑流系數(shù)不大于0.5。(6)基于末端水環(huán)境質(zhì)量的徑流污染控制應(yīng)綜合考慮城市徑流污染特征、總量減排及徑流污染控制技術(shù)的水質(zhì)凈化效果、開(kāi)發(fā)前徑流狀態(tài)等合理確定年徑流總量控制目標(biāo),綜合實(shí)現(xiàn)徑流總量和徑流污染控制目標(biāo)。以EMCCOD=200mg/L,CCOD=200mg/L, φpre=0.3,β=70%為例,年雨量控制率應(yīng)為90%。(7)對(duì)某市某觀象臺(tái)近1941年-2013年73年逐分鐘降雨數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,以最小降雨間隔時(shí)間12小時(shí)為例,得到年均CSO溢流頻率與降雨強(qiáng)度的函數(shù)關(guān)系為：y=23.279e-0.097x(R2=0.9945)。(8)我國(guó)大陸地區(qū)徑流總量控制率目標(biāo)劃分為五個(gè)區(qū),分別為：Ⅰ區(qū)(85%≤α≤90%)、Ⅱ區(qū)(80%≤α≤85%)、Ⅲ區(qū)(75%≤a85%)、Ⅳ區(qū)(70%α85%)、Ⅴ區(qū)(60%≤α≤85%),各地區(qū)可參照給出的年雨量控制率最低和最高限值制定徑流總量控制目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Compared with the developed countries, the policies and standards of waterlogging prevention and reuse of Rain Water in China have become more and more perfect, but the systematic theories, standards, index systems and technical systems based on the total runoff volume (volume and pollutant) control are still lacking. According to the situation of our country, it is of great significance to study the construction strategy, target determination method, control index, planning and design method of multi-objective city Rain Water system for the construction of China's modern Rain Water management system. On the basis of systematical analysis of domestic and foreign research results, this paper analyzes the Rain Water management system in developed countries, the construction strategy of multi-target city Rain Water system in China, and the construction technology of urban Rain Water system based on total runoff control. The construction technology of urban Rain Water system based on runoff flow control, the control technology of urban runoff pollution and CSO pollution, and the planning strategy and design method of urban multi-objective Rain Water system are studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) China's modern urban Rain Water system should construct three sets of technical systems, namely, low-impact development Rain Water system, stormwater conduit system and over-standard Rain Water runoff discharge system, so as to realize the multi-scale construction from urban, watershed, catchment areas to plots. In order to achieve the total runoff, peak flow and runoff pollution, the distribution characteristics of rainfall pattern and annual rainstorm frequency are the influence of annual rainfall control rate and field control rate. An important factor in the statistical results of runoff volume control rate. Under the same design rainfall, the annual rainfall control rate is larger than the annual rainfall control rate. The annual rainfall control rate is larger than the annual number control rate. 3) the minimum rainfall interval time is an important parameter of the design rainstorm with the aim of reducing the total amount of emission, which has a great influence on the annual rainfall control rate and the frequency of the combined flow system overflow. The minimum interval time shall be determined according to the design emptying time or the design hydraulic retention time of the engineering measures, and the design operation conditions of the facilities shall be adjusted by considering the permeation facilities, The design rainfall corresponding to the runoff control rate of 12 hours and 24 hours can be numerically converted to the design rainstorm recurrence period, taking the rainfall of one hour under different recurrence periods as an example, and taking the total emission reduction as the target. The corresponding design recurrence period is generally less than 1 year. 5) the microdrainage system can effectively improve the comprehensive design standard of the small drainage system. Taking Beijing as an example, when designing the source emission reduction system based on the annual rainfall control rate of 85%, The runoff pollution control based on the environmental quality of the terminal water should take into account the characteristics of urban runoff pollution, the total emission reduction and the purification effect of runoff pollution control technology. Before development, the control target of annual runoff total amount is reasonably determined, and the total runoff amount and runoff pollution control target are comprehensively realized. Take 200mg / L of EMCCODN 200 mg / L, 蠁 prepre0.3, 尾 70% as an example, the annual rainfall control rate should be 90. 7) A statistical analysis was made on the hourly rainfall data from 1941 to 2013 at a certain observation station in a certain city, taking the minimum rainfall interval of 12 hours as an example. The functional relationship between annual CSO overflow frequency and rainfall intensity is obtained. The results show that the average annual CSO overflow frequency is 23.279e-0.097x / r _ 2 0.9945 ~ (5) the target of total runoff control rate in China's continental area is divided into five regions. They are: area 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1988834