本文選題：地震作用 + 結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：地震過程中,相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)間的碰撞作用是造成結(jié)構(gòu)破壞、倒塌的重要原因之一。在以往的震害中已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞現(xiàn)象,尤其是建筑群密集的城市區(qū),更容易發(fā)生結(jié)構(gòu)間的碰撞作用而導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)破壞。結(jié)構(gòu)間的碰撞問題研究具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價值,目前國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)屆和工程界已經(jīng)開始廣泛關(guān)注該項課題的研究。過去一些學(xué)者已經(jīng)對該問題進行了相關(guān)研究,由于強地震動作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞反應(yīng)不僅與相鄰建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的動力特性相關(guān),還受到強地震動特性的影響,是涉及到諸多材料和幾何變量的高非線性問題,在眾多參數(shù)影響下,很難得到全面清晰的反應(yīng)規(guī)律。采用量綱分析方法可以有效解決參數(shù)復(fù)雜性問題,用較少的無量綱參數(shù)來表征結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞反應(yīng),可以更好的得到結(jié)構(gòu)在地震作用下的碰撞反應(yīng)規(guī)律,為減少城市建筑密集區(qū)的結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞災(zāi)害奠定基礎(chǔ)。目前國內(nèi)外只有一位學(xué)者將量綱分析方法應(yīng)用到單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞反應(yīng)研究,并假定碰撞過程無接觸體變形發(fā)生,因此不能實時描述結(jié)構(gòu)在接觸過程中的力與變形,而且其研究不能用于多自由度結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞反應(yīng)分析。本文將量綱分析方法與接觸單元方法相結(jié)合,分析了相鄰單自由度碰撞體系以及多自由度碰撞體系的反應(yīng),考慮了碰撞過程中接觸體之間的力、變形和能量損失,得到了碰撞過程各個時刻的結(jié)構(gòu)反應(yīng),并采用譜的形式分析了各參數(shù)對碰撞反應(yīng)的影響。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)基于量綱分析方法,推導(dǎo)了單自由度擺在正弦激勵作用下與障礙物發(fā)生碰撞作用的無量綱接觸時間解析解、單自由度擺的無量綱位移反應(yīng)和速度反應(yīng)解析解,并證明了解析解的正確性和有效性,分析了結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞單元參數(shù)對單擺碰撞反應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律;(2)采用量綱分析方法研究了相鄰多個非彈性單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)的碰撞反應(yīng),比較了不同譜區(qū)條件下單邊碰撞與雙邊碰撞對結(jié)構(gòu)反應(yīng)的不同作用,分析了不同的結(jié)構(gòu)布局以及結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對碰撞反應(yīng)的影響,揭示了相鄰多個單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞反應(yīng)的自相似性;(3)進行了相鄰三層和兩層鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型的碰撞振動臺試驗,模型相似比例1/3,模擬了結(jié)構(gòu)對中碰撞和扭轉(zhuǎn)碰撞兩種情況,研究了結(jié)構(gòu)在不同水準(zhǔn)地震激勵下的位移和加速度反應(yīng)以及碰撞力發(fā)生的頻次和強度;(4)基于量綱分析方法和接觸單元方法,建立了非彈性多自由度體系的無量綱碰撞反應(yīng)分析模型,通過與試驗數(shù)據(jù)相對比,驗證了該模型的正確性,分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對碰撞反應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律,揭示了多自由度體系碰撞反應(yīng)的自相似性。
[Abstract]:During earthquake, the collision between adjacent structures is one of the important causes of structural damage and collapse. In the past, many structural collisions have been found, especially in urban areas with dense buildings, which are more likely to lead to structural damage. The study of collision between structures has important theoretical significance and engineering application value. At present, the academic and engineering circles at home and abroad have begun to pay close attention to the research of this subject. In the past, some scholars have studied this problem, because the structural collision response under strong ground motion is not only related to the dynamic characteristics of adjacent building structures, but also affected by strong ground motion characteristics. It is a high nonlinear problem involving many materials and geometric variables. Under the influence of many parameters, it is difficult to obtain a comprehensive and clear response law. The dimensionality analysis method can effectively solve the problem of parameter complexity, and use fewer dimensionless parameters to characterize the structural impact response, which can better obtain the collision response law of the structure under earthquake action. It lays a foundation for reducing the structural collision disaster in urban buildings. At present, only one scholar at home and abroad applies dimensional analysis method to the study of single degree of freedom structure impact response, and assumes that no contact deformation occurs during the collision process, so it is not possible to describe the force and deformation of the structure in the contact process in real time. Moreover, its research can not be used to analyze the collision response of multi-degree of freedom structures. In this paper, the dimensionality analysis method is combined with the contact element method to analyze the reaction of the adjacent single degree of freedom collision system and the multi-degree-of-freedom collision system. The force, deformation and energy loss between the contact bodies during the collision process are considered. The structural responses of each moment in the collision process are obtained, and the influence of each parameter on the collision reaction is analyzed in the form of spectrum. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on dimensional analysis method, the dimensionless contact time analytical solution of single degree of freedom pendulum colliding with obstacles under sinusoidal excitation is derived. The dimensionless displacement response and velocity response of a single degree of freedom pendulum are analytically solved, and the correctness and validity of the analytical solution are proved. The influence of structural impact element parameters on the impact response of a single pendulum is analyzed. The dimensional analysis method is used to study the impact response of adjacent inelastic single-degree-of-freedom structures. The effects of one-sided and two-sided collisions on the structural responses are compared in different spectral regions. The effects of different structural configurations and structural parameters on the collision responses are analyzed. In this paper, the self-similarity of collision responses of adjacent single-degree-of-freedom structures is revealed. The impact shaking table tests of adjacent three-layer and two-story steel frame structures are carried out. The similarity ratio of the models is 1 / 3, and two kinds of situations of structure impact and torsional impact are simulated. The displacement and acceleration responses and the frequency and strength of the collision force under different earthquake levels are studied. The dimensionality analysis method and the contact element method are used. The dimensionless collision response analysis model of inelastic multi-degree-of-freedom system is established. The validity of the model is verified by comparing with the experimental data, and the influence of structural parameters on the impact response is analyzed. The self-similarity of collision response of multi-degree-of-freedom systems is revealed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU317;TU311.3
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本文編號：1969588