本文選題：電梯門機(jī) + 控制系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和越來越多高層建筑的出現(xiàn),電梯已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代都市居民工作生活中不可或缺的工具。電梯門機(jī)作為電梯的重要組成部分,也是乘客直接接觸控制的設(shè)備,其控制系統(tǒng)的重要性不言而喻。然而由于電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)故障引起的電梯事故時有發(fā)生,而且造成的后果往往比較嚴(yán)重,所以設(shè)計(jì)一種運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、安全可靠地電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)具有重要意義。因此,本文采用永磁同步電機(jī),設(shè)計(jì)以DSP為控制核心的電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。首先介紹課題研究的背景和意義,分析電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢。對電梯門機(jī)的系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造和工作方式進(jìn)行論述,比較不同電機(jī)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),選擇最合適應(yīng)用于電梯門機(jī)的永磁同步電機(jī)作為電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的驅(qū)動電機(jī)。然后分析門機(jī)控系統(tǒng)的功能需求,采用一種S形速度曲線的開關(guān)門控制方式使電梯門平穩(wěn)高效運(yùn)行,并設(shè)計(jì)了電機(jī)初始電角度自學(xué)習(xí)、門寬自學(xué)習(xí)、力矩保護(hù)和信息交互等系統(tǒng)功能模塊。對永磁同步電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析,建立了其數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過坐標(biāo)變換等方式,把電機(jī)在三相靜止坐標(biāo)系的電壓方程轉(zhuǎn)換成dq同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的電壓方程,推導(dǎo)了電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩公式。運(yùn)用矢量控制的方法對永磁同步電機(jī)進(jìn)行控制,并分析推導(dǎo)了SVPWM在永磁同步電機(jī)伺服系統(tǒng)中的運(yùn)算公式。然后闡述霍爾電流傳感器對電機(jī)的電流進(jìn)行檢測的原理和方法,使用增量式編碼器對電機(jī)的速度和位置進(jìn)行檢測,分析多種檢測方法,確定最合適電機(jī)測速的M/T法進(jìn)行速度測量。闡述DSP作為控制核心的控制系統(tǒng)的總體硬件結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的各硬件模塊,重點(diǎn)展示了功率電路、控制電路和保護(hù)電路等主要電路的設(shè)計(jì)。然后設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的各軟件模塊,各個軟模塊配合硬件電路來實(shí)現(xiàn)門控系統(tǒng)的各個功能。最后搭建電梯門機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺,對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測試,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與預(yù)期結(jié)果比較分析,驗(yàn)證了本設(shè)計(jì)能夠達(dá)到預(yù)期的目的。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the appearance of more and more high-rise buildings, elevators have become an indispensable tool in the work and life of modern urban residents. As an important part of elevator, elevator door crane is also the equipment of passenger direct contact control. The importance of its control system is self-evident. However, the elevator accidents caused by the failure of elevator door crane control system often occur, and the consequences are often serious, so it is of great significance to design a stable, safe and reliable elevator door crane control system. Therefore, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is used to design the elevator door crane control system based on DSP. Firstly, the background and significance of the research are introduced, and the research status and development trend of elevator gantry control system are analyzed. This paper discusses the system construction and working mode of elevator door crane, compares the advantages and disadvantages of different motors, and selects the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is the most suitable for the elevator door crane, as the driving motor of the elevator door crane control system. Then the functional requirements of the door control system are analyzed, and an S-shaped speed curve is adopted to make the elevator door run smoothly and efficiently. The motor initial electric angle self-learning and the gate width self-learning are designed. Torque protection and information exchange and other system function modules. The structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is analyzed, and its mathematical model is established. By means of coordinate transformation, the voltage equation of PMSM in three-phase stationary coordinate system is transformed into the voltage equation of DQ synchronous rotating coordinate system. The formula of electromagnetic torque is derived. The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is controlled by vector control, and the calculation formula of SVPWM in PMSM servo system is analyzed and deduced. Secondly, the principle and method of Hall current sensor to detect the motor current are described. The speed and position of the motor are detected by incremental encoder, and a variety of detection methods are analyzed. M / T method is used to determine the most suitable motor speed measurement. The overall hardware structure of the control system with DSP as the control core and the design of each hardware module of the system are described. The design of the main circuits such as power circuit, control circuit and protection circuit are emphatically displayed. Then every software module of the system is designed, each software module cooperate with the hardware circuit to realize each function of the gate control system. Finally, the experimental platform of elevator door crane control system is built, and the system is tested experimentally. Through the comparison and analysis of the experimental results and the expected results, it is verified that the design can achieve the desired purpose.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU857;TM341

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