本文選題：生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 + 景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施�。� 參考：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：本文以西方城市生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的理論與實(shí)踐為著眼點(diǎn),對(duì)生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施理念的發(fā)展歷程、主要類型及設(shè)計(jì)思想進(jìn)行分析研究,并結(jié)合景觀都市主義的設(shè)計(jì)思想,針對(duì)不同用地類型對(duì)于現(xiàn)代城市發(fā)展中的生態(tài)建設(shè)方法提出切實(shí)可行的方案,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)城市開發(fā)與生態(tài)保護(hù)的雙重可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文研究主要內(nèi)容包括：理論研究、實(shí)踐研究及歸納總結(jié)三個(gè)部分,采用了多學(xué)科交叉的文獻(xiàn)研究、實(shí)地調(diào)查、案例分析以及總結(jié)歸納等研究方法。在理論研究部分中,采用多學(xué)科交叉的文獻(xiàn)研究方法,研究自19世紀(jì)50年代以來(lái)生態(tài)理念在城市規(guī)劃中的發(fā)展歷程,通過(guò)對(duì)比分析等方法分析不同學(xué)科背景、不同時(shí)代和地域中生態(tài)規(guī)劃理念的進(jìn)展。將生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)的思想在城市規(guī)劃中的發(fā)展總結(jié)為萌芽期、探索期、理念提升期及興盛發(fā)展期四個(gè)階段,并總結(jié)歸納出各個(gè)階段中生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)思想的特點(diǎn)及側(cè)重點(diǎn)。隨后對(duì)理論分析進(jìn)行總結(jié)和提煉,提出現(xiàn)代城市生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的內(nèi)涵和規(guī)劃方法。在實(shí)踐研究部分中,本文主要采取案例分析的研究方法,分3個(gè)層面來(lái)展開相關(guān)研究：(1)從區(qū)域的宏觀層面來(lái)講,生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施作為生態(tài)安全格局的分析方法,為城市建設(shè)提供了一個(gè)發(fā)展框架,能夠科學(xué)的對(duì)城市土地保護(hù)進(jìn)行有效的識(shí)別和優(yōu)先排序,從而以最優(yōu)化的方式制定開發(fā)和建設(shè)政策；(2)從城市的中觀層面講,生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施作為構(gòu)建城市生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的途徑,為新城擴(kuò)張及舊城收縮等實(shí)際問(wèn)題給出了多功能、多維度的解決途徑；(3)從場(chǎng)地的微觀層面來(lái)講,生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施可以理解為可持續(xù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),作為城市建設(shè)的必要組成部分提供維系人們?nèi)粘Ｐ枨蟮膱?chǎng)所和服務(wù),滿足人們對(duì)于工作、居住、生活的需求。同時(shí)本文基于不同的城市生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施類型,結(jié)合西方大量理論研究和實(shí)際案例,給出了相應(yīng)的生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃與設(shè)計(jì)途徑,包括以下幾種類型：生態(tài)雨水管理、城市水岸改造設(shè)計(jì)、城市廢棄地修復(fù)及交通系統(tǒng)的改善。在歸納總結(jié)部分分析了生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在生態(tài)效益、城市環(huán)境、城市面貌和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)等層面的效益,并結(jié)合案例及數(shù)據(jù)指出生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的多重效益,為生態(tài)建設(shè)的推廣打下理論基礎(chǔ)。最后結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情,研究西方國(guó)家生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)對(duì)于我國(guó)的啟示,提出我國(guó)目前生態(tài)建設(shè)中的幾點(diǎn)不足及相應(yīng)的解決策略,為我國(guó)建設(shè)生態(tài)文明城市打下更為堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。主要研究成果及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)：1.梳理了19世紀(jì)以來(lái)生態(tài)主義思想在城市規(guī)劃進(jìn)程中的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),總結(jié)并提出生態(tài)主義思想起源于對(duì)土地利用的反思,并指出城市規(guī)劃學(xué)、風(fēng)景園林學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)等學(xué)科理論在發(fā)展過(guò)程中對(duì)其的影響；2.提出了生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的內(nèi)涵、方法、和規(guī)劃流程,并總結(jié)出宏觀生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃的常用方法和流程；3.將生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施應(yīng)用的具體類型根據(jù)用地尺度范圍加以分類,并結(jié)合實(shí)例提出不同類型的生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的規(guī)劃要點(diǎn)、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)施策略及構(gòu)建模式；4.在研究西方生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施理論和實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)中國(guó)國(guó)情和現(xiàn)狀,提出具有中國(guó)特色的生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃方法和建議。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory and practice of western urban ecological infrastructure, this paper analyzes the development process, main types and design ideas of the concept of ecological infrastructure, and combines the design ideas of landscape urbanism to put forward a practical and feasible method for the ecological construction in the development of modern urban development. The main contents of this paper include: theoretical research, practical research and summary of three parts, using the literature research, field investigation, case analysis and summing up and other research methods. In the theoretical research part, the multidisciplinary cross is used. The method of literature research is used to study the development course of ecological concept in urban planning since 1850s. Through comparative analysis and other methods, the development of ecological planning concept in different disciplines and different times and regions is analyzed. The development of ecological design ideas in urban planning is summarized as the germination period, exploration period and concept promotion period. And the four stages of the prosperity and development period, and summarize the characteristics and emphasis of the ecological design ideas in each stage. Then the theoretical analysis is summarized and refined, and the connotation and planning methods of modern urban ecological infrastructure are put forward. In the part of practice research, this paper mainly takes the research method of case analysis and divides into 3 aspects. (1) from the macro level of the region, the ecological infrastructure, as an analytical method of the ecological security pattern, provides a development framework for urban construction, which can scientifically identify and prioritize urban land protection, and formulate development and construction policies in an optimal way; (2) from the city. On the meso level, the ecological infrastructure, as a way of constructing urban ecological network, provides multi-functional and multi-dimensional solutions for the actual problems of new town expansion and old city contraction. (3) from the micro level of the site, the ecological infrastructure can be understood as the basic structure of the sustainable ecosystem, as a necessary group for urban construction. In addition, some places and services to maintain people's daily needs are provided to meet people's needs for work, residence and life. At the same time, based on different urban ecological infrastructure types, combined with a large number of western theoretical research and practical cases, the corresponding ecological infrastructure planning and design approaches are given, including the following types: the following types: State rainwater management, urban water bank transformation design, urban wasteland repair and traffic system improvement. In the summary, the benefits of ecological infrastructure in ecological benefits, urban environment, urban features and social economy are analyzed, and the multiple benefits of birth infrastructure are referred to the cases and data, and the promotion of ecological construction In the end, based on the national conditions of our country, we study the Enlightenment of the ecological infrastructure construction of western countries to our country, put forward some shortcomings and corresponding solutions in the ecological construction of our country at present, and lay a more solid theoretical foundation for the construction of ecological civilization in China. The main research results and innovation points are as follows: 1. combing the 19 World Since the development of ecological thought in the process of urban planning since the period of the period, the author summed up and proposed that the ecological thought originated from the reflection on the land use, and pointed out the influence of the theory of urban planning, landscape architecture and ecology on the development process, and 2. proposed the connotation, method, and planning process of the ecological infrastructure. And summarize the common methods and processes of macro ecological infrastructure planning; 3. classify the specific types of the application of ecological infrastructure according to the scope of the land scale, and combine the examples to put forward the planning points of different types of ecological infrastructure in practical application, design and implement strategies and construction patterns; 4. in the study of Western students. Based on the theory and practice of state infrastructure, this paper puts forward the planning methods and suggestions of ecological infrastructure with Chinese characteristics according to China's national conditions and current situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.115

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